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Thailand is a Southeast Asian country in rapid transition. It is considered to be food self-sufficient and an important food exporter in the world market. Quantitative data reveal that overall, the population of Thailand consumed a sufficient amount of most macronutrients and micronutrients, except for calcium. Nevertheless, there exist considerable problems of under- and overnutrition, due to unbalanced development in the past 40 y. Programs to increase animal source food intake in Thailand can be categorized into three main types: 1) programs to increase production; 2) programs to increase accessibility; and 3) programs to increase consumption. Overall production of fish, egg, chicken and pork has been adequate; and only beef and milk products need to be imported. To improve access for the poor, the National Poverty Alleviation Plan has been implemented since 1981. In terms of consumption, the Royal Thai government has promoted overall nutritious diets, but does not have national programs to promote animal source foods specifically, except for milk. Programs to increase milk, fish and micronutrient consumption are highlighted. Also, some lessons learned and suggestions for future programs and research are discussed.