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Background/objective: Visual impairment affects 55%-80% of medial sphenoid wing meningiomas (mSWMs) patients, making optic nerve decompression a critical surgical goal. Complete resection often leads to better visual outcomes. However, involvement of critical neurovascular structures increases postoperative morbidity and mortality, with vascular injury reported in 18%-20% of cases. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between the extent of resection (EOR), visual outcomes, and the incidence of vascular injury, seeking to identify the optimal surgical approach for mSWMs., Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from patients undergoing surgery for mSWM at our tertiary care center from January 2001 to December 2021. Inclusion criteria included histopathologically confirmed globoid mSWMs (N = 89). Patients with recurrent tumors (n = 14) or lost to follow-up (n = 9) were excluded. We classified patients into 2 groups based on EOR using Simpson's grade: Group 1 (good-resection,Simpson Grade-I/II,n = 51) and Group 2 (poor-resection,Simpson Grade III/IV, n = 15)., Results: Among 66 (=N) patients, visual impairment was the most common symptom (81.8%), followed by headaches (77.3%) and seizures (27%). T2-hyperintensity on magnetic resonance imaging [(OR:5.4, 95%CI:1.5-18.6) (P-value<0.01)] and cavernous sinus-extension [(OR:3.9, 95%CI:1.1-13.1) (p-value-0.02)] were independent significant predictors of poor resection. Visual status was preserved in 90.3% of Group-1 and 86.6% of Group-2, with no significant difference based on EOR. Vascular involvement was noted in 87.9%, higher than the vessel encasement (>180 0 ) (57.6%, P = 0.04). Vessel injury occurred in 7.8% of Group-1 and 6.6% of Group-2, with no significant impact on EOR., Conclusions: Cavernous sinus-extension and T2-hyperintensity predict poor resection rates in mSWMs. While visual outcomes are not directly affected by EOR, long-term visual status may decline due to tumor recurrence and radiotherapy. Vascular injury incidence is not associated with EOR. Thus, the "maximal safe resection" of mSWMs involves a surgical strategy balancing targeted aggressive and conservative resection for maximal cytoreduction and functional preservation., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: p38 MAPK signaling molecules plays a dual role in cancer, both progression and suppression. Elevated expression of p38α was reported in lung cancer tissue in rat model. Our objective was to explore the concentration of all 4 isoforms of p38MAPK in serum of Non Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)., Material and Methods: The blood samples were collected from 77 NSCLC patients, 52 ethically matched healthy controls and 18 follow up patients were collected as some patients expired and some discontinued the treatment. The concentration of all isoforms of p38 (p38α, p38β, p38γ, and p38δ) were evaluated by Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) technology., Result: The levels of all isoforms of serum p38 were significantly elevated at pre-therapy compare to control. Only p38α expression was significantly associated with tumor stage and its expression reduced after treatment which is then validated by western blot. However, no changes were observed in other isoforms after therapy., Conclusion: Our study revealed that, p38α is more efficient among all the isoform to predict the disease accurately and it can be concluded that p38 MAPK may be used as diagnostic as well as prognostic marker of NSCLC disease., (Copyright © 2019. Published by Elsevier Inc.)

Until date conventional radiographs and computed tomography are the preferred diagnostic modalities to monitor the distraction osteogenesis regenerate. But these techniques do not detect the ongoing osteogenic process; moreover they obligate the patient to serial radiation exposure. In addition, anatomic overlap and metal artifacts obscure the virtual findings. In contrast, ultrasound is a noninvasive, efficient and an inexpensive way to evaluate bone healing. This study was conducted to test the efficacy of ultrasound in evaluating bone healing at the mandibular distraction site. Twenty patients underwent mandibular distraction. The wounds were assessed with an orthopantomograph and an ultrasound at the end of latency, mid distraction, end of distraction and post distraction periods i.e. 6 weeks, 8 weeks and 4months. Estimates of bone formation, using a semiquantitative radiological, ultrasonographic and intraoperative surgical bone fill scores were made. The correlation between intraoperative and ultrasonographic bone fill scores was statistically significant at 0.602, a total of 26 of the 31 sites correlated. Corresponding correlation between intraoperative and radiographic bone fill scores was 0.332, and only 13 of the 31 sites correlated. The results indicate that ultrasound is potentially an accurate noninvasive technique that is most useful in assessing the mandibular distraction regenerate.

Background: Rac proteins play a major role in tumorogenesis. We quantified Rac1 and Rac1b in serum of non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients., Methods: The blood of 77 NSCLC patients and 52 healthy controls were collected and quantified the concentration of Rac1 and Rac1b mainly by surface plasmon resonance and it was verify by Western blot analysis., Results: Rac1 and Rac1b were found to be significantly over expressed in serum of NSCLC patients compare to healthy controls. The level of Rac proteins were found to be increased in all stages of cancer. Despite the low survival rate, we managed to collect serum sample of the 18 follow up patients after the therapy, where 11 patients' of CR+PR group showed down regulation of the Rac protein after chemotherapy and unfortunately 80% patients died during the study period., Conclusion: The high specificity and sensitivity obtained from ROC analysis for Rac1 and Rac1b envisaged it to be used as a serum diagnostic marker in the early stage of cancer., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Melanotic neuroectodermal tumour of infancy (MNTI) is rare, rapidly growing, pigmented neoplasm of neural crest origin. It is generally accepted as a benign tumour despite of its rapid and locally destructive growth. It primarily affects the maxilla of infants during the first year of life. Surgical excision is considered as the treatment of choice. The recurrence rate varies between 10% and 15%, and malignant behaviour has been reported in 6.5% of cases. We report a case of MNTI, associated with an erupted primary tooth in a 5-month-old male child. We discuss the clinical, radiographic and histologic features of this rare tumour, as well as its surgical management and the follow-up.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the major health concern in Indian population. Despite of advanced treatment the mortality rate for this disease has not been improved very much. Current research focused on development of protein marker for the diagnosis and prognosis of HNSCC. The case control study was performed with 125 HNSCC patients and 104 control cases. The level of p50 and IκBα proteins in serum were evaluated at pre and post therapy by label free real time surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and western blot analysis. The serum p50 concentration were significantly (P < 0.0001) higher at the time of diagnosis i.e. pre therapy (Mean ± SD = 27.06 ± 4.88 ng/μl) as compared to controls (Mean ± SD = 16.96 ± 4.04 ng/μl) while it decline at post therapy (Mean ± SD = 21.01 ± 4.98 ng/μl). Similarly, the concentration of IκBα protein in serum were slightly higher at pre therapy (Mean ± SD = 8.33 ± 1.85 ng/μl) as compared to controls (Mean ± SD = 7.27 ± 1.84 ng/μl) and declined at post therapy (Mean ± SD = 7.09 ± 1.24 ng/μl). The level of p50 was also high at the early stage of the disease. The specificity and sensitivity of p50 proteins obtained from ROC analysis revealed the potentiality to be diagnostic protein marker for HNSCC for its accuracy in the study cohort., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)