8 results on '"S. Ballard"'
Search Results
2. Contributors
- Author
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Khalid Abdel-Galil, Peter Ayliffe, Nicholas J. Baker, Mark S. Ballard, Stephen E. Bond, Rudolf R.M. Bos, Henk J. Busscher, Malcolm Cameron, Alexandra Clarke, Jeremy Collyer, John E. Crossman, Bernard Devauchelle, Mark F. Devlin, M. Stephen Dover, Georg Eggers, Barry L. Eppley, Barrie T. Evans, Miriam A.Farley, Ian Francis, Nils-Claudius Gellrich, Stefan Hassfeld, Jarg-Erich Hausamen, C. Michael Hill, Ian S. Holland, Alistair Jenkins, D. Carl Jones, Risto Kontio, David Andrew Koppel, Alexander C. Kübler, Dorothy A. Lang, Richard A. Loukota, David W. MacPherson, Jeremy D. McMahon, Marc C. Metzger, Andrew M. Monaghan, Khursheed F. Moos, Joachim Mühling, Justin Nissen, Chi Wang Peter Pang, Mike Perry, David Richardson, Henning Schliephake, Rainer Schmelzeisen, Ralf Schön, Alexander Schramm, Kenneth J. Sneddon, Leo F.A. Stassen, David W. Thomas, Edward Wai-Hei To, Man Kwong Tung, Anthony G. Tyers, Pit J. Voss, Peter Ward Booth, Roger M. Webb, Richard R. Welbury, and Joachim Zöller more...
- Published
- 2012
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Catalog
3. A Roundabout Way to Cancer
- Author
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Mimmi S. Ballard and Lindsay Hinck
- Subjects
Nervous system ,Neovascularization, Pathologic ,Cell growth ,Cell ,Nerve Tissue Proteins ,Biology ,Nervous System ,Slit ,Article ,Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Tumor progression ,Neoplasms ,Immunology ,Roundabout ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Axon guidance ,Receptors, Immunologic ,Signal transduction ,Neuroscience ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
The Slit family of secreted proteins and their transmembrane receptor, Robo, were originally identified in the nervous system where they function as axon guidance cues and branching factors during development. Since their discovery, a great number of additional roles have been attributed to Slit/Robo signaling, including regulating the critical processes of cell proliferation and cell motility in a variety of cell and tissue types. These processes are often deregulated during cancer progression, allowing tumor cells to bypass safeguarding mechanisms in the cell and the environment in order to grow and escape to new tissues. In the past decade, it has been shown that the expression of Slit and Robo is altered in a wide variety of cancer types, identifying them as potential therapeutic targets. Further, studies have demonstrated dual roles for Slits and Robos in cancer, acting as both oncogenes and tumor suppressors. This bifunctionality is also observed in their roles as axon guidance cues in the developing nervous system, where they both attract and repel neuronal migration. The fact that this signaling axis can have opposite functions depending on the cellular circumstance make its actions challenging to define. Here, we summarize our current understanding of the dual roles that Slit/Robo signaling play in development, epithelial tumor progression, and tumor angiogenesis. more...
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- 2012
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4. HEMOSTATIC ALTERATIONS IN SICKLE CELL ANEMIA
- Author
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Harold S. Ballard
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Fibrin deposition ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Disease ,medicine.disease ,Bioinformatics ,Sickle cell anemia ,Surgery ,Coagulation ,Fibrinolysis ,medicine ,In patient ,Platelet ,business - Abstract
Alteration of coagulation factors, fibrinolysis and platelet function have been described in patients with sickle cell disease both in the steady state and during crisis. Although data have often been inconclusive and conflicting, there is recent evidence to support the notion that painful crises in some patients with sickle cell disease may be associated with intravascular fibrin deposition and changes in platelet economy. The important question of the relation of these hemostatic alterations to the initiation or severity of the painful crisis remains to be decided. more...
- Published
- 1978
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5. Mammary Stem Cell Self-Renewal Is Regulated by Slit2/Robo1 Signaling through SNAI1 and mINSC
- Author
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Mimmi S. Ballard, Anna Zhu, Naomi Iwai, Michael Stensrud, Aurelia Mapps, Maira Pia Postiglione, Juergen A. Knoblich, and Lindsay Hinck
- Subjects
breast ,SLIT ,ROBO ,asymmetric cell division ,Inscuteable ,SNAIL ,mammary stem cell ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Tissue homeostasis requires somatic stem cell maintenance; however, mechanisms regulating this process during organogenesis are not well understood. Here, we identify asymmetrically renewing basal and luminal stem cells in the mammary end bud. We demonstrate that SLIT2/ROBO1 signaling regulates the choice between self-renewing asymmetric cell divisions (ACDs) and expansive symmetric cell divisions (SCDs) by governing Inscuteable (mInsc), a key member of the spindle orientation machinery, through the transcription factor Snail (SNAI1). Loss of SLIT2/ROBO1 signaling increases SNAI1 in the nucleus. Overexpression of SNAI1 increases mInsc expression, an effect that is inhibited by SLIT2 treatment. Increased mInsc does not change cell proliferation in the mammary gland (MG) but instead causes more basal cap cells to divide via SCD, at the expense of ACD, leading to more stem cells and larger outgrowths. Together, our studies provide insight into how the number of mammary stem cells is regulated by the extracellular cue SLIT2. more...
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- 2015
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6. INteractive survivorship program to improve health care REsources [INSPIRE]: A study protocol testing a digital intervention with stepped care telehealth to improve outcomes for adolescent and young adult survivors.
- Author
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Yi JC, Ballard S, Walsh C, Friedman DN, Ganz PA, Jacobs LA, Partridge AH, Mitchell SA, Leisenring WM, Syrjala KL, and Baker KS
- Abstract
Background: Adolescents and young adults with cancer (AYAs, ages 15-39 at the time of diagnosis) experience significant adverse health and psychosocial outcomes. AYAs live with emotional distress and health care demands that exceed those of their healthy peers but can have difficulty accessing care. Digitally delivered interventions are an attractive option for AYA survivors, a population that routinely utilizes online resources when seeking health information and support., Aim: By improving access to survivorship resources and support and strengthening health literacy and self-management skills, the INteractive Survivorship Program to Improve Health care REsources [INSPIRE] is designed to improve adherence to AYA health care guidelines and reduce cancer-related distress. We describe the protocol for a two-arm randomized controlled trial (RCT) testing the AYA-adapted INSPIRE program., Methods/design: The intervention includes an interactive mobile app, study website, and social media platforms, adding telehealth for those with continued distress, lower survivorship health care literacy, or poor engagement with the digital program at 6 weeks. Participants are randomized to INSPIRE or an active control. In the active control arm, survivors receive access to a study website with links to existing AYA survivor resources followed by delayed access to the INSPIRE program. Participants are not blinded; study staff not providing telehealth are blinded. The primary outcomes are cancer-related distress and health care adherence specific to second cancer and cardiometabolic screenings., Discussion: If effective, the program is positioned for accelerated implementation to improve care for AYA survivors by using a scalable informatics-based administration and largely digital intervention program., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no relevant conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.) more...
- Published
- 2024
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7. An outbreak of vanA vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium in a hospital with endemic vanB VRE.
- Author
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Hughes A, Ballard S, Sullivan S, and Marshall C
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- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Australia, Bacterial Typing Techniques, Disease Management, Endemic Diseases, Enterococcus faecium genetics, Female, Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections microbiology, Hospital Units, Humans, Infection Control, Intensive Care Units, Male, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Middle Aged, Multilocus Sequence Typing, Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci genetics, Young Adult, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Disease Outbreaks, Enterococcus faecium drug effects, Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections diagnosis, Vancomycin pharmacology, Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci drug effects
- Abstract
Background: In Australia, vanB vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREfm) has been endemic for over 20 years, but vanA VREfm isolates have rarely been reported., Methods: This outbreak report describes an outbreak of vanA VREfm in the intensive care unit (ICU) and cardiothoracic surgery (CTS) wards of a Melbourne hospital in 2015-2016. After the cluster was initially identified in the ICU ward, an active screening programme was implemented. VRE isolates were typed using in silico multi-locus sequence typing. In addition, to screening, enhanced environmental cleaning, chlorhexidine gluconate body washes, and standardisation of the surgical antibiotic prophylaxis regimen were implemented to control the outbreak., Results: There were 83 new isolates of vanA VREfm recovered from patients in the ICU (n = 31) and CTS (n = 52) wards. Screening identified 78 (94%) of cases. Three patients required treatment for clinical infection with vanA VREfm during the outbreak. The outbreak was polyclonal with 5 different multilocus sequence types carrying the vanA gene (ST17, ST80, ST203, ST252 and ST1421) detected from a subset of isolates (N = 43). The ST17 isolates all carried both the vanA and vanB gene. The intervention bundle resulted in control of the outbreak after 10 months., Conclusion: Geographically, vanA VREfm has previously been uncommon in the region and this outbreak represents a change in local epidemiology. Few VRE outbreaks have been reported in CTS patients. The infection control responses controlled the outbreak within 10-months and may help guide future management of outbreaks., (Copyright © 2019 Australasian College for Infection Prevention and Control. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.) more...
- Published
- 2019
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8. An overview of Fukushima radionuclides measured in the northern hemisphere.
- Author
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Thakur P, Ballard S, and Nelson R
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- Cesium Radioisotopes analysis, Geographic Mapping, Geography, Iodine Radioisotopes analysis, Atmosphere chemistry, Environmental Monitoring statistics & numerical data, Fukushima Nuclear Accident, Radioisotopes analysis
- Abstract
The Great East Japan Earthquake and tsunami on March 11, 2011 resulted in the tragic accident at the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) and subsequently uncontrolled release of radioactive contaminants into the atmosphere. This review article attempts to compile and interpret data collected by various national and international monitoring networks in response to the Fukushima releases across the northern hemisphere. The majority of the releases occurred during the period March 12-22 with a maximum release phase from March 14-17, 2011. The radioactivity released was dominated by volatile fission products including isotopes of the noble gases (xenon and krypton), iodine, cesium, and tellurium. The radioactive gases and particles released in the accident were dispersed over the middle latitudes of the entire northern hemisphere and for the first time also measured in the southern Hemisphere. Isotopes of iodine and cesium were detected in air, water, milk and food samples collected across the entire northern hemisphere. Elevated levels of fission products were detected from March to May 2011 at many locations over the northern hemisphere. This article focuses on the most prevalent cesium and iodine isotopes, but other secondary isotopes are also discussed. Spatial and temporal patterns and differences are contrasted. The activity ratios of (131)I/(137)Cs and (134)Cs/(137)Cs measured at several locations are evaluated to gain an insight into the fuel burn-up, the inventory of radionuclides in the reactor and the isotopic signature of the accident. It is important to note that all of the radiation levels detected outside of Japan have been very low and are well below any level of public and environmental hazard., (Published by Elsevier B.V.) more...
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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