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Identifying race, which is a major physical feature in humans, is still a challenging task owing much to the lack of a concrete definition of race and the diversity of population across the globe. In this paper, we try to address the problem of race identification of four broad racial groups namely Caucasian, African, Asian and Indian. The newly developed BUPT Equalised Face dataset bearing about 1.3 M images in unrestricted environment is used to train our deep convolution network (R-Net) which achieves a state-of-the-art accuracy of 97%. To test the validity of this model it is evaluated on other datasets namely UTK and CFD. R-Net is also compared with fine-tuned VGG16 model for race estimation. Experimental results prove the robustness of this model for use in unconstrained environments. And finally, Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping (Grad-CAM) is applied to get a visual explanation of the deep learning model.

The chlorophyll of leaf can be determined using soil plant analysis development meter or spectrophometer by agriculture scientists, agriculture experts, and farmers. Usually, these methods are very costly and may not be available to all the farmers and experts. Low greenness of leaf indicates low photosynthesis in the plant and it creates many problems in the plant. This paper forwards a low-cost smartphone image-based digital chlorophyll meter to predict the chlorophyll of citrus leaf. The chlorophyll of citrus leaf is predicted using Linear Regression (LR) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN). Here, ANN provides more accuracy as compared to LR in citrus chlorophyll prediction. Both methods are validated with the actual chlorophyll of the citrus leaf. The proposed method can be used as a reasonable method for chlorophyll prediction of citrus.

The objective of this study is to process the soil images to generate a digital soil classification system for rural farmers at low cost. Soil texture is the main factor to be considered before doing cultivation. It affects the crop selection and regulates the water transmission property. The conventional hydrometer method determines the percentage of sand, silt, and clay present in a soil sample. This method is very cost and time-consuming process. In this approach, we collect 50 soil samples from the different region of west Guwahati, Assam, India. The samples are photographed under a constant light condition using an Android mobile of 13 MP cameras. The fraction of sand, silt, and clay of the soil samples are determined using the hydrometer test. The result of the hydrometer test is processed with the United State Department of Agriculture soil classification triangle for the final soil classification. Soil images are processed through the different stages like pre-processing of soil images for image enhancement, extracting the region of interest for segmentation and the texture analysis for feature vector. The feature vector is calculated from the Hue, Saturation, and Value (HSV) histogram, color moments, color auto Correlogram, Gabor wavelets, and discrete wavelet transform. Finally, Support Vector Machine classifier is used to classify the soil images using linear kernel. The proposed method gives an average of 91.37% accuracy for all the soil samples and the result is nearly the same with the United State Department of Agriculture soil classification.