Search

Pressuremeter Test (PMT), Cone Penetration Test (CPT), and Standard Penetration Test (SPT) are the key in-situ experiments to directly estimate the in-situ modulus of deformation and strength parameters of soils, which are highly used in coastal alluvium. In addition, CPT and SPT are unique tests for estimating engineering properties that are ideal for onshore regions. These tests are adaptable for coastal alluvium with different saturation levels, which facilitates the determination of the field deformation modulus. Regression analysis, on the other hand, is primarily employed to estimate the empirical relationship between measured parameters and to predict geo-engineering properties. This technique is typically used to estimate the in-situ modulus of deformation and strength parameters from CPT, SPT, and PMT results. The proposed formulas in this paper used regression to correlate and characterize coastal alluvium located in phase 14 South Pars (Assalouyeh) and were compared with previously published equations. As a result of the evaluations, the correlations provided for phase 14 South Pars can be expressed as Em = 0.442 qc + 2.221 (R2 = 0.999) and PL = 0.06 Em0.778 (R2 = 0.515). • This empirical method can be useful for ground assessment and estimating the in-situ modulus of deformation. • This relationship can use as a modification for the original formula used based on CPT-PMT-SPT for alluvium. • This empirical correlation provides fast and reliable data for Southwest Iran nearby the Persian Gulf.

The present article provides an empirical relationship for rock slope stability assessment based on Qslope classification. The relationship is used as a correction procedure for classic Qslope for mountain regions with multiple fractures related to several faults. The relationship is derived from 25 distinct jointed slopes near the North Tabriz Fault (NTF). The NTF triggered numerous micro-faults and fractures in rocky landscapes, resulting in sliding on a variety of scales. The present empirical method is introduced based on a field survey and a stability analysis of the studied slopes based on Qslope principles. The results indicate that the classic formulation of Qslope can be modified to β = 62.6 log10 (Qslope) + 36 for mountain regions with multiple fault zones.• This empirical method can be useful for fast stability assessment on jointed rock slopes.• This relationship can use as a modification for the original formula in multiple faults zones.

This paper deals with the global energy consumption to forecast future projections based on primary energy, global oil, coal and natural gas consumption using a hybrid Cuckoo optimization algorithm and information of British Petroleum Company plc and BP Amoco plc. The Artificial Neural Network (ANN) has some significant disadvantages, such as training slowly, easiness to fall into local optimal point, and sensitivity of the initial weights and bias. To overcome the shortcomings, an improved ANN structure, that is optimized by the Cuckoo Optimization Algorithm (COA), is proposed in this paper (COANN). The performance of the COANN is evaluated with Mean Squared Error (MSE), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and Correlation Coefficient (CC) between the output of the model and the actual dataset. Finally, CO2 emission in the world by 2050 is forecasted using COANN. The findings showed that COANN is a helpful and reliable tool for monitoring global warming. This proposed method will assist experts, policy planners and researchers who study greenhouse gases. • The method can be used as a potential tool for policymakers and governments to make policy on global warming monitoring and control. • The proposed method can play a key role in the global climate changes policies and can have a significant impact on the efficiency or inefficiency of government's intervention policies.

This data article focuses on the arsenic in the groundwater of Rafsanjan plain in Kerman Province of Iran where the groundwater is being extensively used for drinking and irrigation of pistachio gardens. The measured arsenic concentrations range from 4 to 278 μg/L (with an average of 59 μg/L). About 85.3% of water samples have arsenic concentrations above 10 μg/L provided by the World Health Organization, WHO, guideline value. This data article provides also map showing the concentration of arsenic in groundwater of Rafsanjan area based on the situation of the sampling points in Rafsanjan region.

This study presents a fuzzy logical decision-making algorithm based on block theory to effectively determine discontinuous rock slope reliability under various wedge and planar slip scenarios. The algorithm was developed to provide rapid response operations without the need for extensive quantitative stability evaluations based on the rock slope sustainability ratio. The fuzzy key-block analysis method utilises a weighted rational decision (multi-criteria decision-making) function to prepare the ‘degree of reliability (degree of stability-instability contingency)’ for slopes as implemented through the Mathematica software package. The central and analyst core of the proposed algorithm is provided as based on discontinuity network geometrical uncertainties and hierarchical decision-making. This algorithm uses block theory principles to proceed to rock block classification, movable blocks and key-block identifications under ambiguous terms which investigates the sustainability ratio with accurate, quick and appropriate decisions especially for novice engineers in the context of discontinuous rock slope stability analysis. The method with very high precision and speed has particular matches with the existing procedures and has the potential to be utilised as a continuous decision-making system for discrete parameters and to minimise the need to apply common practises. In order to justify the algorithm, a number of discontinuous rock mass slopes were considered as examples. In addition, the SWedge, RocPlane softwares and expert assignments (25-member specialist team) were utilised for verification of the applied algorithm which led to a conclusion that the algorithm was successful in providing rational decision-making.

This data article provides a precise level data on alluvial fans of the western border of Lut desert, a unique location on the Earth, known as one of the hottest spot on the Earth. This data is essential for morphotectonic investigations and is valuable in the field of tectonic and geomorphology studies. It helps to evaluate the region from the viewpoint of tectonic activity by considering the dynamics of alluvial fans, climate and tectonic setting. The data which are presented for 68 quaternary alluvial fans, is taken by processing of remotely sensed Landsat satellite data, photogeology of aerial photographs, measuring on topographic maps and controlled by field checking. This data is useful for defining of a morphotectonic model of this limited access region considering the uplift of the source area along Nayband fault, as the basin–margin fault, respect to the base level. Keywords: Tectonics, Geomorphology, Morphometrics, Geology, Kerman

Morphotectonic indices by representing the longer period of time than recorded earthquake data, are useful in evaluating the tectonic activity of a region. Dashtkhak area is located in Kerman province of Iran, where one of the most active faults, Kouhbanan strike slip fault, passes through. This data article provides a precise level data on mountain fronts and valleys of Dashtkhak region that is fundamental for morphotectonic investigations of the relationship among geomorphology and tectonic activity. This data is valuable in the field of geology and geography. Mountain fronts and valleys data is more relevant in the field of tectonics and geomorphology. It helps to evaluate a region from the viewpoint of tectonic activity. The data which are presented for 31 mountain fronts and 61 valleys, is taken by processing of remotely sensed Landsat satellite data, photogeology of areal photographs, measuring on topographic maps and controlled by field checking. This data is useful for calculating of some morphotectonic indices such as sinuosity of mountain fronts (smf), mountain front faceting percentage (Facet%), the ratio of valley floor width to valley height (Vf) and the valley ratio (V).

The presented article provides an empirical method on rock slope classification, slope mass rating (SMR), Qslope, stability condition, failure type and stabilisation procedures for 35 road/railway discontinuous rock slopes after field surveys in Isfahan Province of Iran. Also, it presents the empirical correlation for SMR and Qslope classification system that prepares a link between the stability status (safety factor, reliability condition) and stabilisations (failure mechanism, support system) which performed on natural/trench slopes cases related sedimentary rocks cuts in the studied region. As results, the SMR-Qslope equation for Isfahan Province obtained as SMR = 11.89 ln(Qslope) + 71.92 (R2 = 0.756).• This method can be useful on a stability assessment and providing appropriate stabilisations for the discontinuous rock slope based on simple assumptions where used in different geotechnical projects such as road/railway slope, excavations, open-pit mining, trench boring, etc.• This method can be useful for quick calculation of stability conditions and suggestion of slope maintenance system in a short time as preliminary reactions.• This method can be used as an effective way to convert SMR and Qslope equations and used both benefits in geo-engineering application faced with discontinuous rock masses.• This method can be useful for future research on the empirical geomechanically classification and rock mass preliminary quantifications.• This method can be used as an appropriate database for SMR and Qslope classification.