95 results on '"Ramírez, R."'
Search Results
2. ESÓFAGO DE BARRETT: REVISIÓN DE LA LITERATURA
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M. ANTONIETA RAMÍREZ R., DRA. and FERNANDO FLUXÁ G., DR.
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Esófago de Barrett ,reflujo gastroesofágico crónico ,metaplasia ,displasia ,adenocarcinoma ,Medicine - Abstract
El Esófago de Barrett (EB) es una patología adquirida producto del reflujo gastroesofágico crónico que provoca la lesión de la mucosa esofágica normal y su reemplazo por mucosa metaplásica. La importancia clínica del EB radica en que constituye un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de adenocarcinoma esofágico. La incidencia del adenocarcinoma esofágico se encuentra en aumento y su diagnóstico se realiza generalmente en etapas avanzadas, teniendo un pronóstico sombrío. Actualmente el objetivo es detectar el cáncer en etapas iniciales y eventualmente tratables, para lo cual se han planteado distintos protocolos de vigilancia y numerosas alternativas de tratamiento del epitelio metaplásico del esófago de Barrett. En el siguiente artículo se revisan los conceptos más recientes de manejo.
- Published
- 2015
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3. Klotho Prevents Translocation of NFκB
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Buendía, P., primary, Ramírez, R., additional, Aljama, P., additional, and Carracedo, J., additional
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- 2016
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4. Tequila: Raw Material, Classification, Process, and Quality Parameters
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Villanueva-Rodríguez, S.J., primary, Rodríguez-Garay, B., additional, Prado-Ramírez, R., additional, and Gschaedler, A., additional
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- 2016
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5. Smart Textiles with Slow-Release Ceramides for Sensitive Skin
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Martí, M., primary, Lis, M., additional, Navarro, J.A., additional, Ramírez, R., additional, Coderch, L., additional, Valldeperas, J., additional, and Parra, J.L., additional
- Published
- 2010
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6. Propuesta de políticas e intervenciones para reducir las desigualdades sociales en salud en España
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Borrell C., Malmusi D., Artazcoz L., Diez E., Rodríguez-Sanz I.P.Y.M., Campos P., Merino B., Ramírez R., Benach J., Escolar A., Esnaola S., Gandarillas A., Gómez A., La Parra D., Peiró R., Segura J., and Solanillas J.R.
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health care delivery ,Male ,National Health Programs ,health care disparity ,Advisory Committees ,resource allocation ,forecasting ,Health Services Accessibility ,socioeconomics ,Social Justice ,advisory committee ,organization and management ,Humans ,European Union ,human ,Healthcare Disparities ,Health Policy ,public health ,article ,consensus development ,economics ,ethics ,health care planning ,Causality ,female ,Socioeconomic Factors ,health care policy ,Spain ,Health Resources ,epidemiology ,Delivery of Health Care - Abstract
In November 2008, at the request of the Directorate General of Public Health of the Ministry of Health and Social Policy, the Commission to Reduce Social Inequalities in Health in Spain was established with a mandate to develop a proposal for interventions to reduce health inequalities. This article aims to present the work carried out and the documents prepared by the Commission. The Commission, consisting of 18 members, conducted a situational analysis of health inequalities and of the policies to reduce them, reviewed international documents and consulted 56 experts from distinct fields to develop a proposal for recommendations to reduce health inequalities. In May 2010, the Commission presented the document " Moving toward equity: a proposal for policies and interventions to reduce social inequalities in health in Spain" The document listed a total of 166 recommendations, divided into 14 areas and ordered by priority. These recommendations highlight that health inequalities cannot be reduced without a commitment to promote health and equity in all policies and to move toward a fairer society. © 2011 SESPAS.
- Published
- 2012
7. Decolouration and lipid oxidation changes of vacuum-packed Iberian dry-cured loin treated with E-beam irradiation (5 kGy and 10 kGy) during refrigerated storage
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Cava, R., Tárrega, R, Ramírez, R., Carrasco, J. A., Cava, R., Tárrega, R, Ramírez, R., and Carrasco, J. A.
- Abstract
The effect of irradiation (0, 5 and 10 kGy) on the oxidative and colour stability of vacuum-packed Iberian dry-cured loin slices from pigs fed on concentrate feed (CON) or free-range reared (FRG) stored under refrigerated storage was studied. Irradiation treatment increased lipid oxidation, measured as TBA-RS values and hexanal content of dry-cured loins. It also increased redness (CIE a*) and lightness (CIE L*) of dry-cured loins. Refrigerated storage reduced the differences due to irradiation treatment of instrumental colour values like lightness. However, the decrease of redness during storage was more marked in irradiated than in non-irradiated dry-cured loin. Storage increased differences in TBA-RS values between irradiated and non-irradiated FRG dry-cured loin, while the opposite trend was found for CON dry-cured loins. In addition, no differences in the hexanal content were found after 30 days of refrigerated storage. Therefore, the storage of Iberian dry-cured loin in absence of oxygen by using a vacuum packaging could be an adequate method to reduce changes associated to irradiation treatment in Iberian dry-cured loin. Industrial relevance: Iberian dry-cured loin is a high sensory quality meat product with increasing projection in external markets Irradiation has shown to be an effective method to control pathogen and spoilage microorganisms in meat and meat products. However, e-beam irradiation can promote colour and oxidation changes that could modify their sensory characteristics. The study aimed the evaluation of e-beam irradiation at two levels (5 and 10 kGy) - higher doses than those that could be necessary to control pathogen microorganisms in this kind of product - on colour changes and lipid oxidation at vacuum-packed slices of Iberian dry-cured loin during subsequent extended chilled storage. E-beam treatment induced changes in colour and lipid oxidation in sliced Iberian dry-cured loin immediately after treatment and subsequent refrigerated stora
- Published
- 2009
8. Estudio comparativo de las técnicas de extrusión y prensado como procesos de conformado de productos cerámicos de construcción en el Área Metropolitana de Cúcuta
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Gelves, J. F., Sánchez, J., Monroy, R., and Ramirez, R. P.
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Extrusion ,pressing ,shaped ,absorption of water ,Red ceramics ,Extrusión ,prensado ,conformado ,absorción de agua ,cerámica roja ,Clay industries. Ceramics. Glass ,TP785-869 - Abstract
The present work studies the principal variables of control in the manufacturing process of construction pieces of the Metropolitan Area of San Jose de Cucuta by extrusion and pressing techniques for its forming. The investigation was taken out using clayey samples of the two principal geological formations of the region where the raw material is taken for processing at an industrial level. The clayey samples milling was made by dry means as well as by moisture means and its particle size was measured. Subsequently the forming process was taken over by using an hydraulic press and extruder with vacuum system , both equipments at laboratory scale, the pieces shaped were dry and firing between 980° c and 1180° at the end of the process the tests were made to determine water absorbtion, contraction and mass loss at the pieces firing. The study results left to see that the extrusion technique allowed a faster vitrification for the region’s clay in comparing with the pressing technique, the contractions of drying and firing are less marked on the pressing techniques with standard deviations much lower than in extrusion.El presente trabajo estudia las principales variables de control del proceso de fabricación de piezas cerámicas de construcción de la zona metropolitana de San José de Cúcuta, mediante las técnicas de extrusión y prensado para su conformado. La investigación se llevó a cabo utilizando muestras arcillosas de las dos principales formaciones geológicas de la región de donde se extraen las materias primas para el proceso a nivel industrial. Las muestras arcillosas se molturaron tanto por vía seca como por vía húmeda y se estudió su granulometría. Posteriormente se llevó a cabo el proceso de conformado utilizando una prensa hidráulica y una extrusora con vacío, ambos equipos a escala de laboratorio. Las probetas obtenidas se secaron y cocieron entre 980 ºC y 1180ºC al final del proceso se realizaron pruebas para determinar la absorción de agua, contracción y pérdida de masa en cocción de las probetas. Los resultados de la investigación dejaron ver que la técnica de extrusión permite una gresificación más rápida para las arcillas de la región en comparación con la técnica de prensado, las contracciones de secado y cocción son menos marcadas en la técnica de prensado y con desviaciones estándar mucho mas bajas que en el caso de la extrusión.
- Published
- 2013
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9. Insights into the mechanism of crotamine and potential targets involved in obesity-related metabolic pathways.
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Melendez-Martinez D, Morales-Martinez A, Sierra-Valdez F, Cossío-Ramírez R, Lozano O, Mayolo-Deloisa K, Rito-Palomares M, and Benavides J
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- Animals, Humans, Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor metabolism, Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor chemistry, Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 metabolism, Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 chemistry, Metabolic Networks and Pathways, alpha-Glucosidases metabolism, alpha-Glucosidases chemistry, Molecular Docking Simulation, Obesity metabolism, Obesity drug therapy, Crotalid Venoms chemistry, Crotalid Venoms metabolism, Molecular Dynamics Simulation
- Abstract
Crotamine (Ctm) is a peptide isolated from Crotalus durissus terrificus venom. This molecule has been demonstrated to diminish body weight gain and enhance browning in adipose tissue, glucose tolerance, and insulin sensitivity; hence, it has been postulated as an anti-obesogenic peptide. However, the mechanism to elicit the anti-obesogenic effects has yet to be elucidated. Thus, we investigated the possible interaction of Ctm with receptors involved in obesity-related metabolic pathways through protein-protein docking and molecular dynamics refinement. To test the anti-obesogenic mechanism of Ctm, we selected and retrieved 18 targets involved in obesity-related drug discovery from Protein Data Bank. Then, we performed protein-protein dockings. The best three Ctm-target models were selected and refined by molecular dynamics simulations. Molecular docking demonstrated that Ctm was able to interact with 13 of the 18 targets tested. Having a better docking score with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) (-1430.2 kcal/mol), DPP-IV (dipeptidyl peptidase-IV) (-1781.7 kcal/mol) and α-glucosidase (-1232.3 kcal/mol). These three models were refined by molecular dynamics. Ctm demonstrated a higher affinity for GLP-1R (ΔG: -41.886 ± 2.289 kcal/mol). However, Ctm interaction was more stable with DPP-IV (RMSD: 0.360 ± 0.015 nm, Radius of gyration: 2.781 ± 0.009 nm). Moreover, the number of interactions and the molecular mechanics energies of Ctm residues suggest that the interaction of Ctm with these receptors is mainly mediated by basic-hydrophobic dyads Y1-K2, W31-R32, and W33-R34. Together, all these results allow elucidating a possible molecular mechanism behind the previously described anti-obesogenic effects., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article/supplementary material. Further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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10. Proteomic analysis of endothelial cells and extracellular vesicles in response to indoxyl sulfate: Mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction in chronic kidney disease.
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Figuer A, Santos FM, Ciordia S, Valera G, Martín-Jouve B, Hernández-Fonseca JP, Bodega G, Ceprián N, Ramírez R, Carracedo J, and Alique M
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- Humans, Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells metabolism, Proteome metabolism, Indican metabolism, Extracellular Vesicles metabolism, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic metabolism, Proteomics methods, Endothelial Cells metabolism
- Abstract
Aims: Cardiovascular pathology is the main cause of death in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. CKD is associated with the accumulation of uremic toxins in the bloodstream, and indoxyl sulfate (IS) is one of the most abundant uremic toxins found in the blood of CKD patients. We conducted an in vitro study to assess the mechanisms underlying the IS-induced endothelial dysfunction that could lead to cardiovascular diseases. We also studied their extracellular vesicles (EVs) owing to their capacity to act as messengers that transmit signals through their cargo., Main Methods: EVs were characterized by nanoparticle tracking analysis, transmission electron microscopy, flow cytometry, and tetraspanin expression. Cell lysates and isolated EVs were analyzed using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, followed by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis to identify the altered pathways., Key Findings: Proteomic analysis of endothelial cells revealed that IS causes an increase in proteins related to adipogenesis, inflammation, and xenobiotic metabolism and a decrease in proliferation. Extracellular matrix elements, as well as proteins associated with myogenesis, response to UV irradiation, and inflammation, were found to be downregulated in IS-treated EVs. Fatty acid metabolism was also found to be increased along with adipogenesis and inflammation observed in cells., Significance: The treatment of endothelial cells with IS increased the expression of proteins related to adipogenesis, inflammation, and xenobiotic metabolism and was less associated with proliferation. Furthermore, EVs from cells treated with IS may mediate endothelial dysfunction, since they present fewer extracellular matrix elements, myogenesis, inflammatory factors, and proteins downregulated in response to UV radiation., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest related to the content of this article., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Inc.)
- Published
- 2024
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11. Efficient removal of triclosan from water through activated carbon adsorption and photodegradation processes.
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Medellín-Castillo NA, González-Fernández LA, Ocampo-Pérez R, Leyva-Ramos R, Luiz-Dotto G, Flores-Ramírez R, Navarro-Frómeta AE, Aguilera-Flores MM, Carrasco-Marín F, Hernández-Mendoza H, Aguirre-Contreras S, Sánchez-Polo M, and Ocaña-Peinado FM
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- Humans, Charcoal chemistry, Adsorption, Photolysis, Water, Triclosan chemistry, Water Pollutants, Chemical analysis
- Abstract
This study investigated the application of adsorption with activated carbons (ACs) and photodegradation to reduce the concentration of triclosan (TCS) in aqueous solutions. Concerning adsorption, ACs (Darco, Norit, and F400) were characterised and batch experiments were performed to elucidate the effect of pH on equilibrium. The results showed that at pH = 7, the maximum adsorption capacity of TCS onto the ACs was 18.5 mg g
-1 for Darco, 16.0 mg g-1 for Norit, and 15.5 mg g-1 for F400. The diffusional kinetic model allowed an adequate interpretation of the experimental data. The effective diffusivity varied and increased with the amount of TCS adsorbed, from 1.06 to 1.68 × 10-8 cm2 s-1 . In the case of photodegradation, it was possible to ensure that the triclosan molecule was sensitive to UV light of 254 nm because the removal was over 80 % using UV light. The removal of TCS increased in the presence of sulfate radicals. It was possible to identify 2,4-dichlorophenol as one of the photolytic degradation products of triclosan, which does not represent an environmental hazard at low concentrations of triclosan in water. These results confirm that the use of AC Darco, Norit, and F400 and that photodegradation processes with UV light and persulfate radicals are effective in removing TCS from water, reaching concentration levels that do not constitute a risk to human health or environmental hazard. Both methods effectively eliminate pollutants with relatively easy techniques to implement., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2024
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12. Echocardiographic manifestations during the first 3 months after an episode of COVID-19 and their relationship with disease severity and persistence of symptoms.
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Vera-Pineda R, Carrizales-Sepúlveda EF, Morales-Rendón EJ, Ordaz-Farías A, Solís JG, Benavides-González MA, and Flores-Ramírez R
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- Humans, Cross-Sectional Studies, Echocardiography, Ventricular Function, Left, Stroke Volume, Patient Acuity, Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome, COVID-19 diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular manifestations in patients with COVID-19 are associated with dire outcomes. Long COVID syndrome is the persistence of symptoms after acute disease and is found in up to 40% of subjects. There is little information regarding subacute echocardiographic manifestations after COVID-19, and no study has included a Mexican mestizo population., Methods: This cross-sectional study included subjects older than 18 with an episode of COVID-19 in the last 3 months. Those with previously known cardiovascular disease were excluded. The patient´s medical history and COVID-19 information were obtained from clinical charts. We performed a transthoracic echocardiogram in every subject and determined left ventricular (LV) index mass, LV ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LV GLS), right ventricular (RV) GLS, and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE). A descriptive and comparative analysis was performed based on symptom severity and persistence., Results: One hundred subjects were included; 63% were classified with mild and 37% with moderate to severe COVID-19. The median of LVEF was 60% (55-60), LV GLS and RV GLS was impaired in 34% and 74% of patients, respectively. Patients with moderate to severe disease had significantly lower LVEF (Mean Difference: -3.3), TAPSE (mean difference: -1.8), and higher (worse) LV GLS (Mean Difference: 2.5) and RV GLS (mean difference: 2.9). Persistent symptoms were associated with lower TAPSE and higher RVGLS., Conclusions: Patients who recover from COVID-19 have a high prevalence of subtle RV and LV dysfunction using GLS analysis. A moderate to severe episode was associated with worse RV and LV function measured by RV GLS, TAPSE, and LV GLS. Subjects with persistent symptoms had worse RVGLS and TAPSE., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest No conflict of interest to disclose., (Copyright © 2023 Southern Society for Clinical Investigation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2023
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13. Determination of global chemical patterns in exhaled breath for the discrimination of lung damage in postCOVID patients using olfactory technology.
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Zamora-Mendoza BN, Sandoval-Flores H, Rodríguez-Aguilar M, Jiménez-González C, Alcántara-Quintana LE, Berumen-Rodríguez AA, and Flores-Ramírez R
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- Humans, Cross-Sectional Studies, Breath Tests methods, Lung chemistry, Sensitivity and Specificity, Exhalation, Electronic Nose, COVID-19 diagnosis, Volatile Organic Compounds analysis
- Abstract
The objective of this work was to evaluate the use of an electronic nose and chemometric analysis to discriminate global patterns of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in breath of postCOVID syndrome patients with pulmonary sequelae. A cross-sectional study was performed in two groups, the group 1 were subjects recovered from COVID-19 without lung damage and the group 2 were subjects recovered from COVID-19 with impaired lung function. The VOCs analysis was executed using a Cyranose 320 electronic nose with 32 sensors, applying principal component analysis (PCA), Partial Least Square-Discriminant Analysis, random forest, canonical discriminant analysis (CAP) and the diagnostic power of the test was evaluated using the ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) curve. A total of 228 participants were obtained, for the postCOVID group there are 157 and 71 for the control group, the chemometric analysis results indicate in the PCA an 84% explanation of the variability between the groups, the PLS-DA indicates an observable separation between the groups and 10 sensors related to this separation, by random forest, a classification error was obtained for the control group of 0.090 and for the postCOVID group of 0.088 correct classification. The CAP model showed 83.8% of correct classification and the external validation of the model showed 80.1% of correct classification. Sensitivity and specificity reached 88.9% (73.9%-96.9%) and 96.9% (83.7%-99.9%) respectively. It is considered that this technology can be used to establish the starting point in the evaluation of lung damage in postCOVID patients with pulmonary sequelae., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2023
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14. CO 2 -TOLMS for laryngeal cancer in the elderly, pushing the boundaries of partial laryngectomy.
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Vilaseca I, Xavier Avilés-Jurado F, Lehrer E, Valduvieco I, Baste N, Delia Ramírez R, Miguel Costa J, Medrano-Martorell S, Muxí Á, Castillo P, Alós L, and Bernal-Sprekelsen M
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- Aged, Carbon Dioxide, Glottis pathology, Glottis surgery, Humans, Laryngectomy, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Staging, Retrospective Studies, Treatment Outcome, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell pathology, Laryngeal Neoplasms pathology, Laser Therapy
- Abstract
Introduction: CO
2 transoral laser microsurgery (CO2 -TOLMS) has pushed the indications of partial surgery of the larynx regardless the age of the patient., Objective: To evaluate the complications and the oncologic and functional outcomes of CO2 -TOLMS in patients older and younger than 70 years., Methods: Retrospective analysis of 1244 consecutive laryngeal carcinomas treated with CO2 -TOLMS. Complications, length of hospitalization, functional and survival outcomes were evaluated., Results: The mean age was 64.2 ± 11.1 years (20-96). Four hundred and sixteen patients were older than 70 years and 104 older than 80 years. The main location was the glottis (912), followed by the supraglottis (332). There were no differences in pT classification between the age groups. No differences were observed in voice outcomes. A higher rate of signs of aspiration at the glottic location was observed for those older than 70 years (2.1 % vs 5 %, p = 0.027). The need for definitive gastrostomy in supraglottic tumours was higher in those older than 70 years (0 % vs 6.5 %, p: 0.001). In the glottis, no differences in tracheostomy or gastrostomy rates were observed. Five-year overall survival was lower in the older than 70 years. No differences in disease-specific survival were observed in early stages for both locations, but a lower survival was observed in stage III glottic cancer for the older than 70 years., Conclusions: CO2 -TOLMS is a valid treatment for laryngeal carcinomas in the elderly, with a reduced number of complications and good functional and oncologic outcomes., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2022
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15. Reply to: "Hepatocyte expression of hepatitis B surface and core antigens across phases of chronic hepatitis B infection".
- Author
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Aggarwal A, Montanari NR, Ramírez R, Diehl L, Feierbach B, and Boonstra A
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- Hepatitis B Core Antigens, Hepatitis B Surface Antigens, Hepatitis B e Antigens, Hepatitis B virus, Hepatocytes metabolism, Humans, Liver metabolism, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis B, Chronic
- Abstract
Competing Interests: Conflict of interest NRM, and AB declare no conflict of interest related to the content of this letter. At the time this study was conducted, AA, RR, LD, LL and BF were employees and stockholders of Gilead Sciences, Inc. Please refer to the accompanying ICMJE disclosure forms for further details.
- Published
- 2022
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16. Right Ventricular Thrombus in Transit or Just a Right Heart Thrombus? Eppur si Muove!
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Carrizales-Sepúlveda EF, Vera-Pineda R, and Flores-Ramírez R
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- Humans, Heart, Thrombosis complications, Thrombosis diagnostic imaging
- Published
- 2022
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17. Multi-parametric analysis of human livers reveals variation in intrahepatic inflammation across phases of chronic hepatitis B infection.
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Montanari NR, Ramírez R, Aggarwal A, van Buuren N, Doukas M, Moon C, Turner S, Diehl L, Li L, Debes JD, Feierbach B, and Boonstra A
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- CTLA-4 Antigen, DNA, Viral genetics, Hepatitis B e Antigens, Hepatitis B virus genetics, Humans, Inflammation genetics, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis B, Chronic
- Abstract
Background & Aims: Chronic HBV is clinically categorized into 4 phases by a combination of serum HBV DNA levels, HBeAg status and alanine aminotransferase (ALT): immunotolerant (IT), immune-active (IA), inactive carrier (IC) and HBeAg-negative hepatitis (ENEG). Immune and virological measurements in the blood have proven useful but are insufficient to explain the interrelation between the immune system and the virus since immune dynamics differ in the blood and liver. Furthermore, the inflammatory response in the liver and parenchymal cells cannot be fully captured in blood., Methods: Immunological composition and transcriptional profiles of core needle liver-biopsies in chronic HBV phases were compared to those of healthy controls by multiplex immunofluorescence and RNA-sequencing (n = 37 and 78, respectively) analyses., Results: Irrespective of the phase-specific serological profiles, increased immune-gene expression and frequency was observed in chronic HBV compared to healthy livers. Greater transcriptomic deregulation was seen in IA and ENEG (172 vs. 243 DEGs) than in IT and IC (13 vs. 35 DEGs) livers. Interferon-stimulated genes, immune-activation and exhaustion genes (ICOS, CTLA4, PDCD1) together with chemokine genes (CXCL10, CXCL9) were significantly induced in IA and ENEG livers. Moreover, distinct immune profiles associated with ALT elevation and a more accentuated immune-exhaustion profile (CTLA4, TOX, SLAMF6, FOXP3) were observed in ENEG, which set it apart from the IA phase (LGALS9, PDCD1). Interestingly, all HBV phases showed downregulation of metabolic pathways vs. healthy livers (fatty and bile acid metabolism). Finally, increased leukocyte infiltrate correlated with serum ALT, but not with HBV DNA or viral proteins., Conclusion: Our comprehensive multi-parametric analysis of human livers revealed distinct inflammatory profiles and pronounced differences in intrahepatic gene profiles across all chronic HBV phases in comparison to healthy liver., Lay Summary: Immunological studies on chronic HBV remain largely restricted to assessment of peripheral responses due to the limited access to the site of infection, the liver. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed livers from a well-defined cohort of patients with chronic HBV and uninfected controls with state-of-the-art techniques, and evaluated the differences in gene expression profiles and inflammation characteristics across distinct disease phases in patients with chronic HBV., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest NRM, MD and JDD declare no conflict of interest. AB received grant support from Janssen, GSK, Fujirebio and Gilead Sciences, Inc. At the time this study was conducted, RR, NVB, AA, CM, ST, LD, LL and BF were employees and stockholders of Gilead Sciences, Inc. Please refer to the accompanying ICMJE disclosure forms for further details., (Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2022
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18. Ecotoxicological impacts caused by high demand surfactants in Latin America and a technological and innovative perspective for their substitution.
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Villarreal-Reyes C, Díaz de León-Martínez L, Flores-Ramírez R, González-Lara F, Villarreal-Lucio S, and Vargas-Berrones KX
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- Ecotoxicology, Environmental Health, Humans, Latin America, Sewage, Surface-Active Agents toxicity, Alkanesulfonic Acids, Water Pollutants, Chemical toxicity
- Abstract
Nowadays, water pollution represents a great concern due to population growth, industrialization, and urbanization. Every day hazardous chemical products for humans and aquatic organisms are disposed of arbitrarily from homes and industries. Even though detergents are considered an essential market, there is evidence of environmental impacts caused by surfactants like nonylphenol ethoxylate (NPE) and linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LAS). Regulations about maximum allowable concentrations in sewage, surface water, and drinking water are scarce or null, mostly in developing countries like Latin American countries. Therefore, this review explores these two common toxic surfactants (NPE and LAS) and proposes a technological, innovative, and ecological perspective on detergents. Also, it establishes a starting point for industries to minimize adverse effects on humans and environmental health caused by these compounds., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interest or personal relationship that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2022
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19. Right Ventricular Thrombus in Transit in a Patient With COVID-19.
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Carrizales-Sepúlveda EF, Mejía-Melara Q, González-Dávila SE, Jiménez-Leos MC, Vera-Pineda R, and Flores-Ramírez R
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- Humans, COVID-19 complications, Pulmonary Embolism complications, Pulmonary Embolism diagnostic imaging, Thrombosis complications, Thrombosis diagnostic imaging
- Published
- 2022
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20. Chemometric analysis of the global pattern of volatile organic compounds in the exhaled breath of patients with COVID-19, post-COVID and healthy subjects. Proof of concept for post-COVID assessment.
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Zamora-Mendoza BN, Díaz de León-Martínez L, Rodríguez-Aguilar M, Mizaikoff B, and Flores-Ramírez R
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- Cross-Sectional Studies, Healthy Volunteers, Humans, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Volatile Organic Compounds
- Abstract
The objective of this research was to evaluate the application of an electronic nose and chemometric analysis to discriminate volatile organic compounds between patients with COVID-19, post-COVID syndrome and controls in exhaled breath samples. A cross-sectional study was performed on 102 exhaled breath samples, 42 with COVID-19, 30 with the post-COVID syndrome and 30 control subjects. Breath-print analysis was performed by the Cyranose 320 electronic nose with 32 sensors. Group data were evaluated by Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Canonical Discriminant Analysis (CDA), and Support Vector Machine (SVM), and the test's diagnostic power was evaluated through a Receiver Operaring Characteristic curve(ROC curve). The results of the chemometric analysis indicate in the PCA a 97.6% (PC
1 = 95.9%, PC2 = 1.0%, PC3 = 0.7%) of explanation of the variability between the groups by means of 3 PCs, the CDA presents a 100% of correct classification of the study groups, SVM a 99.4% of correct classification, finally the PLS-DA indicates an observable separation between the groups and the 12 sensors that were related. The sensitivity, specificity of post-COVID vs. controls value reached 97.6% (87.4%-99.9%) and 100% (88.4%-100%) respectively, according to the ROC curve. As a perspective, we consider that this technology, due to its simplicity, low cost and portability, can support strategies for the identification and follow-up of post-COVID patients. The proposed classification model provides the basis for evaluating post-COVID patients; therefore, further studies are required to enable the implementation of this technology to support clinical management and mitigation of effects., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2022
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21. Identification of volatile organic compounds in the urine of patients with cervical cancer. Test concept for timely screening.
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Díaz de León-Martínez L, Flores-Ramírez R, López-Mendoza CM, Rodríguez-Aguilar M, Metha G, Zúñiga-Martínez L, Ornelas-Rebolledo O, and Alcántara-Quintana LE
- Subjects
- Cross-Sectional Studies, Early Detection of Cancer, Electronic Nose, Female, Humans, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms diagnosis, Volatile Organic Compounds
- Abstract
The objective of this research was to identify a global chemical pattern of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in urine capable of discriminating between women with cervical cancer (CC) and control women using an electronic nose and to elucidate potential biomarkers by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A cross-sectional study was performed, with 12 control women, 5 women with CIN (Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia) and 12 women with CC. Global VOCs in urine were assessed using an electronic nose and specific by GC-MS. Multivariate analysis was performed: Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Canonical Principal Coordinate Analysis (CAP) and Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) and the test's diagnostic power was evaluated through ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) curves. Results from the PCA between the control group compared to the CC present variability of 98.4% (PC
1 = 93.9%, PC2 = 2.3% and PC3 = 2.1%). CAP model shows a separation between the overall VOCs profile of the control and CC group with a correct classification of 94.7%. PLS-DA indicated that 8 sensors have a higher contribution in the CC group. The sensitivity, specificity, value reached 91.6% (61.5%-99.7%) and 100% (73.5%-100%) respectively, according to the ROC curve. GC-MS analysis indicated that 33 compounds occur only in the CC group and some of them have been found in other types of cancer. In all, this study provides the basis for the development of an accessible, non-invasive, sensitive and specific screening platform for cervical cancer through the application of electronic nose and chemometric analysis., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2021
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22. γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) from satellite glial cells tonically depresses the excitability of primary afferent fibers.
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Vargas-Parada A, Loeza-Alcocer E, González-Ramírez R, Rodríguez-Sánchez M, Raya-Tafolla G, Florán B, Felix R, and Delgado-Lezama R
- Subjects
- Axons, Ganglia, Spinal, Neuroglia, Receptors, GABA-A, Neurons, Afferent, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
- Abstract
Primary afferent fibers express extrasynaptic GABA
A and GABAB receptors in the axons and soma. However, whether these receptors are tonically activated by ambient GABA and the source of the neurotransmitter is presently unknown. Here, we show that GABA release from dorsal root ganglia (DRG) does not depend on extracellular calcium, but depends upon calcium released from intracellular stores, and is mediated by Best1 channels. Using a preparation consisting of the spinal nerve in continuity with the DRG and the dorsal root, we found that endogenous GABA tonically activates GABA receptors, depressing the excitability of the primary afferents. In addition, using HPLC we found that GABA is released in the DRG, and by immunofluorescence microscopy we show the presence of GABA, the Best1 channel, and some enzymes of the putrescine pathway of GABA biosynthesis, in glutamine synthase- and GFAP-positive satellite glial cells. Last, we found that the blockade of the Best1 channel activity reduced the excitability of primary afferents and prevented the activation of the GABA receptors. These results suggest that satellite glial cells may be the source of endogenous GABA released in the DRG via Best1 channels, which tonically activates extrasynaptic GABA receptors., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they do not have conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. and Japan Neuroscience Society. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2021
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23. Comparative analysis of chemical breath-prints through olfactory technology for the discrimination between SARS-CoV-2 infected patients and controls.
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Rodríguez-Aguilar M, Díaz de León-Martínez L, Zamora-Mendoza BN, Comas-García A, Guerra Palomares SE, García-Sepúlveda CA, Alcántara-Quintana LE, Díaz-Barriga F, and Flores-Ramírez R
- Subjects
- Humans, Mass Screening, Sensitivity and Specificity, Technology, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2
- Abstract
Background: We identified a global chemical pattern of volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath capable of discriminating between COVID-19 patients and controls (without infection) using an electronic nose., Methods: The study focused on 42 SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR positive subjects as well as 42 negative subjects. Principal component analysis indicated a separation of the study groups and provides a cumulative percentage of explanation of the variation of 98.3%., Results: The canonical analysis of principal coordinates model shows a separation by the first canonical axis CAP1 (r
2 = 0.939 and 95.23% of correct classification rate), the cut-off point of 0.0089; 100% sensitivity (CI 95%:91.5-100%) and 97.6% specificity (CI 95%:87.4-99.9%). The predictive model usefulness was tested on 30 open population subjects without prior knowledge of SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR status. Of these 3 subjects exhibited COVID-19 suggestive breath profiles, all asymptomatic at the time, two of which were later shown to be SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR positive. An additional subject had a borderline breath profile and SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR positive. The remaining 27 subjects exhibited healthy breath profiles as well as SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR test results., Conclusions: In all, the use of olfactory technologies in communities with high transmission rates as well as in resource-limited settings where targeted sampling is not viable represents a practical COVID-19 screening approach capable of promptly identifying COVID-19 suspect patients and providing useful epidemiological information to guide community health strategies in the context of COVID-19., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2021
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24. Application of chemoresistive gas sensors and chemometric analysis to differentiate the fingerprints of global volatile organic compounds from diseases. Preliminary results of COPD, lung cancer and breast cancer.
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Rodríguez-Aguilar M, Díaz de León-Martínez L, Gorocica-Rosete P, Pérez-Padilla R, Domínguez-Reyes CA, Tenorio-Torres JA, Ornelas-Rebolledo O, Mehta G, Zamora-Mendoza BN, and Flores-Ramírez R
- Subjects
- Breath Tests, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Single-Blind Method, Breast Neoplasms diagnosis, Lung Neoplasms diagnosis, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive diagnosis, Volatile Organic Compounds
- Abstract
Background: Analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath has been proposed as a screening method that discriminates between disease and healthy subjects, few studies evaluate whether these chemical fingerprints are specific when compared between diseases. We evaluated global VOCs and their discrimination capacity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer, breast cancer and healthy subjects by chemoresistive sensors and chemometric analysis., Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with the participation of 30 patients with lung cancer, 50 with breast cancer, 50 with COPD and 50 control subjects. Each participant's exhaled breath was analyzed with the electronic nose. A multivariate analysis was carried: principal component analysis (PCA) and, canonical analysis of principal coordinates (CAP). Twenty single-blind samples from the 4 study groups were evaluated by CAP., Results: A separation between the groups of patients to the controls was achieved through PCA with explanations of >90% of the data and with a correct classification of 100%. In the CAP of the 4 study groups, discrimination between the diseases was obtained with 2 canonical axes with a correct general classification of 91.35%. This model was used for the prediction of the single-blind samples resulting in correct classification of 100%., Conclusions: The application of chemoresistive gas sensors and chemometric analysis can be used as a useful tool for a screening test for lung cancer, breast cancer and COPD since this equipment detects the set of VOCs present in the exhaled breath to generate a characteristic chemical fingerprint of each disease., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
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25. Effect of growth conditions on cell wall composition and cadmium adsorption in Chlorella vulgaris: A new approach to biosorption research.
- Author
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Soto-Ramírez R, Lobos MG, Córdova O, Poirrier P, and Chamy R
- Subjects
- Adsorption, Biomass, Cadmium, Cell Wall, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Kinetics, Chlorella vulgaris
- Abstract
Biosorption of toxic metals in microalgae is a process relying on the presence of cell wall reactive groups acting as binding sites. This work studied the effect of culture conditions on the outer cell wall composition of C. vulgaris and cadmium biosorption. The experiments were conducted in continuous culture under light and nitrogen limitation at two growth rates (0.4 and 0.2 d
-1 ). Functional groups were profiled using ATR-FTIR spectrometry, and total cadmium biosorption was assayed. Significant differences in composition were attested the most salient being the absence of carboxyl groups in the light deprived states and a larger number of carbohydrates and amino groups in the nitrogen deprived cultures, particularly amino groups from deacetylated D-glucosamine polysaccharides. Higher biosorption was obtained with the nitrogen-restricted biomass, reaching a maximum of 11.9 mgCd /gbiomass , as compared to a minimum of 8.0 mgCd /gbiomass achieved in the light-restricted states. The increased biosorption exhibited by nitrogen-restricted strains was attributed to the deacetylated amino groups that have enhanced cation affinity. This work has shown that the characteristics of the outer cell wall can be engineered by culture conditions to improve biosorption, providing a new approach that opens up new research frontiers for the biosorption of hazardous metals., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2021
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26. The Heart in Diabetic Ketoacidosis: A Narrative Review Focusing on the Acute Cardiac Effects and Electrocardiographic Abnormalities.
- Author
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Carrizales-Sepúlveda EF, Vera-Pineda R, Jiménez-Castillo RA, Violante-Cumpa JR, Flores-Ramírez R, and Ordaz-Farías A
- Subjects
- Acute Disease, Arrhythmias, Cardiac diagnosis, Arrhythmias, Cardiac etiology, Diabetic Ketoacidosis complications, Diabetic Ketoacidosis diagnosis, Humans, Arrhythmias, Cardiac physiopathology, Diabetic Ketoacidosis physiopathology, Electrocardiography methods, Heart Rate physiology
- Abstract
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus. Hyperglycemia, acidosis, and electrolyte imbalances can directly affect the heart by inducing toxicity, impairing myocardial blood flow, autonomic dysfunction, and altering activation and conduction of electrical impulses throughout the heart, increasing the risk of arrhythmias and ischemia. The electrocardiogram is useful in monitoring patients during and after an episode of DKA, as it allows the detection of arrhythmias and guides metabolic correction. Unfortunately, reports on electrocardiographic abnormalities in patients with DKA are lacking. We found two electrocardiographic patterns that are frequently reported in the literature: a pseudo-myocardial infarction and a Brugada Phenocopy. Both are associated with DKA metabolic anomalies and they resolve after treatment. Because of their clinical relevance and the challenge they represent for clinicians, we analyzed the clinical characteristics of these patients and the mechanisms involved in these electrocardiographic findings., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest No conflict of interest to disclose., (Copyright © 2020 Southern Society for Clinical Investigation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
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27. Persistent organic pollutants in Kemp's Ridley sea turtle Lepidochelys kempii in Playa Rancho Nuevo Sanctuary, Tamaulipas, Mexico.
- Author
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Nava Montes AD, Espinosa Reyes G, Flores Ramírez R, and Ramírez Romero P
- Subjects
- Africa, Animals, Ecosystem, Europe, Female, Gulf of Mexico, Environmental Pollutants, Turtles
- Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POP) are toxic substances for wildlife and people. The Kemp's Ridley sea turtle Lepidochelys kempii is an endangered species with limited distribution in the Gulf of Mexico (GM), a marine ecosystem that has been perturbed by a variety of anthropogenic activities. In this work, the concentrations of ten organochlorine pesticides (OP), eight polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), and atrazine were determined in the plasma of Kemp's Ridley sea turtles that nest in Playa Rancho Nuevo Sanctuary, Tamaulipas, Mexico. Seventy-nine blood samples were collected from female turtles during the 2015-2016 nesting season. Samples were extracted with a focalized ultrasonic sound technique and analyzed through Gas Chromatography coupled to a Mass Spectrometer. POP with the highest percentage of detection were atrazine > PCB 52 > PCB 153 > DDE > alpha endosulfan > DDD > alpha HCH > DDT. There is no linear correlation between the detected POP levels in the Kemp's Ridley sea turtle plasma and its curve carapace length (CCL). When comparing 2015 and 2016 POP concentrations, there were statistically significant differences in atrazine (p < 0.05, R
2 = 0.069), PCB 52 (p < 0.05, R2 = 0.0051) and ∑POP (p < 0.05, R2 = 0.0001) and, no statistically significant differences in alpha endosulfan (p < 0.05, R2 = 0.0294), DDE (p < 0.05, R2 = 0.0315) and PCB 153 (p < 0.05, R2 = 0.0036). The reported POP values of this work are one of the few registered for Kemp's Ridley sea turtle in the GM and the first for atrazine levels. These levels were higher than those reported for other sea turtle species from America, Africa, and Europe, which demonstrates a deteriorated health status of the GM marine ecosystem., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2020
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28. Critical review of social, environmental and health risk factors in the Mexican indigenous population and their capacity to respond to the COVID-19.
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Díaz de León-Martínez L, de la Sierra-de la Vega L, Palacios-Ramírez A, Rodriguez-Aguilar M, and Flores-Ramírez R
- Subjects
- Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, Comorbidity, Health Status Disparities, Humans, Mexico, Pandemics, Risk Factors, SARS-CoV-2, Vulnerable Populations, Coronavirus Infections ethnology, Indigenous Peoples, Pneumonia, Viral ethnology
- Abstract
The objective of this study was to conduct a critical analysis of the social, environmental and health risk factors in the Mexican indigenous population in the context of the COVID-19 disease pandemic, and to propose strategies to mitigate the impacts on these communities. Regarding social factors, we identified the return of indigenous people to their communities, poor access to water, language barriers, and limited access to the Internet, as factors that will not allow them to take the minimum preventive measures against the disease. Additionally, environmental risk factors associated with pollutants from biomass burning were identified. In health, the lack of coverage in these areas and comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, respiratory tract infections, and chronic pulmonary diseases were identified. Some existing government programmes were identified that could be supported to address these social, environmental and health gaps. We believe that the best way to address these issues is to strengthen the health system with a community-based approach. Health is the best element of cohesion for inserting development and progress proposals in indigenous communities, given the vulnerability to which they are exposed in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this review, all information is provided (as possible) on risk factors and potential solutions in indigenous communities in the hope of providing solutions to this pandemic and providing a reference for future studies., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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29. Emerging pollutants (EPs) in Latin América: A critical review of under-studied EPs, case of study -Nonylphenol.
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Vargas-Berrones K, Bernal-Jácome L, Díaz de León-Martínez L, and Flores-Ramírez R
- Abstract
Emerging contaminants (EPs) represent a significant risk to human, ecological and environmental health. Although progress has been made in establishing monitoring in environmental matrices, health effects, legislation and control, there are still problems associated with regional bias and the types of EPs commonly assessed, which may underestimate the risk to health. In Latin America there are limited reports on environmental monitoring of EPs and it is generally focused on wastewater. This review identifies the current research deficiencies for emerging contaminants in the Latin American region, and we address the case of nonylphenol as an under-studied EP in the region. Nonylphenol is a degradation product of nonylphenol ethoxylate, which is a surfactant widely used in the manufacture of detergents in Latin America, environmental concentrations have been reported, predominantly in water, and the possible effects on species in this region have been also described. The importance of the review of this compound in the region lies in the fact that the Rotterdam Convention has catalogued nonylphenol as a severely restricted compound, so it is necessary to establish measures for its restriction and change to a sustainable technology. Finally, the example of NP presented in this review highlights the lack of regulation in Latin America regarding to EPs, resulting in the contamination of wastewater, effluents, rivers and drinking water. It is imperative to determine the potential effects, occurrence and concentration levels to improve the regulation of these pollutants in a timely manner., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interest or personal relationships the could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
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30. Analysis of consumer awareness of sustainable water consumption by the water footprint concept.
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Gómez-Llanos E, Durán-Barroso P, and Robina-Ramírez R
- Abstract
The analysis of social awareness about water consumption represents an essential tool for water efficiency and decision-making procedures in line with the challenges that emerged by water scarcity. The present study focuses on evaluating the perception of sustainable water consumption (SWC), considering the direct and indirect water consumption through the Water Footprint (WF) indicator and the information about the nexus between urban services and water uses. Based on the norm activation model (NAM) proposed by Schwartz (1977), this research evaluates the perception of the water footprint of different aspects of water consumption and the dependence of this perception on individual water consumption, direct or indirect, and municipal services. The methodology applied to analyse the structural model was the Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). The sample is composed of consumers in the Extremadura region, Spain. The results of the survey show that SWC is influenced by Water Consumption Services (WCS), Indirect domestic Water Consumption (IWC), and Direct domestic Water Consumption (DWC). The model was tested at a confidence level higher than 99.9% with a moderated explanatory capacity (R
2 = 55.7%). Besides, the model indicates the benefit of using WF as an activating tool for decision making highlighted in the NAM considered, in other words, the knowledge about WF influences positively in responsible behaviour with water consumption., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2020
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31. Cdk5 phosphorylates Ca V 1.3 channels and regulates GABA A -mediated miniature inhibitory post-synaptic currents in striato-nigral terminals.
- Author
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Loya-López S, Sandoval A, González-Ramírez R, Calderón-Rivera A, Ávalos-Fuentes A, Rodríguez-Sánchez M, Caballero R, Tovar-Soto D, Felix R, and Florán B
- Subjects
- Animals, Animals, Newborn, Calcium Channels, L-Type chemistry, HEK293 Cells, Humans, Male, Phosphorylation, Rats, Wistar, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid metabolism, Calcium Channels, L-Type metabolism, Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5 metabolism, Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials, Neostriatum metabolism, Receptors, GABA-A metabolism, Substantia Nigra metabolism
- Abstract
Neurotransmission is one of the most important processes in neuronal communication and depends largely on Ca
2+ entering synaptic terminals through voltage-gated Ca2+ (CaV ) channels. Although the contribution of L-type CaV channels in neurotransmission has not been unambiguously established, increasing evidence suggests a role for these proteins in noradrenaline, dopamine, and GABA release. Here we report the regulation of L-type channels by Cdk5, and its possible effect on GABA release in the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNpr). Using patch-clamp electrophysiology, we show that Cdk5 inhibition by Olomoucine significantly increases current density through CaV 1.3 (L-type) channels heterologously expressed in HEK293 cells. Likewise, in vitro phosphorylation showed that Cdk5 phosphorylates residue S1947 in the C-terminal region of the pore-forming subunit of CaV 1.3 channels. Consistent with this, the mutation of serine into alanine (S1947A) prevented the regulation of Cdk5 on CaV 1.3 channel activity. Our data also revealed that the inhibition of Cdk5 increased the frequency of high K+ -evoked miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents in rat SNpr neurons, acting on L-type channels. These results unveil a novel regulatory mechanism of GABA release in the SNpr that involves a direct action of Cdk5 on L-type channels., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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32. Identification of breath-prints for the COPD detection associated with smoking and household air pollution by electronic nose.
- Author
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Rodríguez-Aguilar M, Díaz de León-Martínez L, Gorocica-Rosete P, Padilla RP, Thirión-Romero I, Ornelas-Rebolledo O, and Flores-Ramírez R
- Subjects
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cross-Sectional Studies, Family Characteristics, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, ROC Curve, Air Pollution, Indoor adverse effects, Air Pollution, Indoor analysis, Breath Tests methods, Electronic Nose, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive diagnostic imaging, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive etiology, Smoking adverse effects
- Abstract
Purpose: The analysis of breath-print, has been proposed as an attractive alternative to investigate possible biomarkers of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). The aim of the present study was to discriminate between healthy subjects, patients with COPD associated with smoking (COPD-S) and patients with COPD associated with household air pollution (COPD-HAP)., Methods: A cross-sectional study of 294 participants was conducted, 88 with smoking associated COPD, 28 associated with HAP and 178 healthy subjects. Breath-print analysis was performed by using the Cyranose 320 electronic nose. Group data were evaluated by Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Canonical Discriminant Analysis (CDA) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) and the test's diagnostic power by means of ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) curves., Results: The results indicated that the breath-print of patients with COPD is different from the one of healthy subjects explaining a variability of 93.8% with a correct prediction of 97.8% and correct classification of 100%,also positive and negative predictive value of 96.5 and 100% respectively. Furthermore, the breath-print of exhaled breath from patients with COPD-S and COPD-HAP does not present any difference., Conclusions: The breath-print of exhaled breath from patients with COPD-S and COPD-HAP does not present any difference, which demonstrates that the breath-print is related to the disease and not to causality. With these results, the analysis of the breath-print of COPD is proposed as an alternative for a screening method in future clinical applications., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: The author Omar Ornelas Rebolledo who is director of the company LABINNOVA which financed the study and the Cyranose 320 equipment., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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33. Rapid analysis of 4-nonylphenol by solid phase microextraction in water samples.
- Author
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Vargas-Berrones K, Díaz de León-Martínez L, Bernal-Jácome L, Rodriguez-Aguilar M, Ávila-Galarza A, and Flores-Ramírez R
- Abstract
Alquilphenols are considered to be endocrine disruptors and are mainly found as 4-nonylphenol (4-NP) in ecosystems. A chromatographic analytical method was developed using solid phase microextraction (SPME) combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for the extraction and quantification of 4-NP in sources of water in Mexico to establish environmental concentrations. A derivatization process with N-Methyl-bis(trifluoroacetamide) (MBTFA) was carried out in order to increase sensitivity in the method. The method was validated with a correlation coefficient above 0.99, and a limit of detection and quantification of 0.01 μg L
-1 and 0.15 μg L-1 respectively, which were determined by a linear curve at low 4-NP concentrations. After demonstrating the feasibility of the method, an analysis in water samples was performed. Eighty-three percent of samples had detectable concentrations of 4-NP with a maximum concentration of 12.61 μg L-1 , 12.2 μg L-1 and 6.08 μg L-1 in recreational water, wastewater discharges and drinking water respectively. Sixty-five percent of the samples presented concentrations above the limit established by the European Union (2 μg L-1 ) and 17% above the limit by the Environmental Protection Agency (6.6 μg L-1 ). Although the number of samples is not representative for the assessment of the real-world scenario, our data presents a general overview of the exposure levels and possible environmental and health risks. Continuous monitoring and regulation of this pollutant in Mexico is important in order to prevent exposure and thus, ecological and adverse health effects., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Women exposure to household air pollution after an improved cookstove program in rural San Luis Potosi, Mexico.
- Author
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Estévez-García JA, Schilmann A, Riojas-Rodríguez H, Berrueta V, Blanco S, Villaseñor-Lozano CG, Flores-Ramírez R, Cortez-Lugo M, and Pérez-Padilla R
- Subjects
- Cooking statistics & numerical data, Female, Humans, Mexico, Air Pollution statistics & numerical data, Air Pollution, Indoor statistics & numerical data, Cooking instrumentation, Environmental Exposure statistics & numerical data, Particulate Matter analysis
- Abstract
The state government of San Luis Potosí (SLP), Mexico implemented an improved cookstove (ICS) program in rural areas. As part of the comprehensive program evaluation, we compared fine particulate material (PM
2.5 ) concentrations in kitchens and patios in treated (TH), and non-treated households (NTH), and analyzed pollutant levels according to patterns of fuels and devices use reported by the women. A panel study was conducted in 728 households (357 TH and 371 NTH) in three regions of SLP including two sampling rounds in 2015-16. Data on exposure determinants, ICS conditions and cooking practices were collected. Daily PM2.5 in kitchen and patio was measured in a subsample. The average treatment effect was estimated using the double difference method. We constructed a mixed linear model to estimate PM2.5 levels for the entire study sample and obtained personal exposure according to time-activity logs. NTH had lower socioeconomic status compared to TH. The average daily PM2.5 concentrations in NTH compared to TH were 155.2 and 92.6 μg/m3 for kitchen and 35.4 and 39.8 μg/m3 for patio, respectively. PM2.5 levels showed significant regional differences but no significant treatment effect. In many cases, the ICS was added to previous open fire and LPG use (stacking). The household size, kitchen ventilation, relative humidity, temperature and the ratio of indoor/outdoor PM2.5 concentration were significant predictors of kitchen PM2.5 levels. The daily PM2.5 personal exposure was significantly reduced using ICS in good conditions or LPG (57 μg/m3 ) compared to the traditional open fire (86 μg/m3 ). This study strengthens the evidence on the potential daily PM2.5 exposure reduction for women using an ICS in good conditions or LPG, displacing the polluting open fire. Comprehensive strategies tailored to the sociocultural context of the communities are needed to implement clean energy programs that achieve adoption and sustained use of ICS or LPG., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2020
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35. Locus coeruleus connectivity alterations in late-life major depressive disorder during a visual oddball task.
- Author
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Del Cerro I, Martínez-Zalacaín I, Guinea-Izquierdo A, Gascón-Bayarri J, Viñas-Diez V, Urretavizcaya M, Naval-Baudin P, Aguilera C, Reñé-Ramírez R, Ferrer I, Menchón JM, Soria V, and Soriano-Mas C
- Subjects
- Aged, Brain, Brain Mapping, Humans, Locus Coeruleus, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Depressive Disorder, Major diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
The Locus Coeruleus (LC) is the major source of noradrenergic neurotransmission. Structural alterations in the LC have been observed in neurodegenerative disorders and at-risk individuals, although functional connectivity studies between the LC and other brain areas have not been yet performed in these populations. Patients with late-life major depressive disorder (MDD) are indeed at increased risk for neurodegenerative disorders, and here we investigated LC connectivity in late-life MDD in comparison to individuals with amnestic type mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and healthy controls (HCs). We assessed 20 patients with late-life MDD, 16 patients with aMCI, and 26 HCs, who underwent a functional magnetic resonance scan while performing a visual oddball task. We assessed task-related modulations of LC connectivity (i.e., Psychophysiological Interactions, PPI) with other brain areas. A T1-weighted fast spin-echo sequence for LC localization was also obtained. Patients with late-life MDD showed lower global connectivity during target detection in a cluster encompassing the right caudal LC. Specifically, we observed lower LC connectivity with the left anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), the right fusiform gyrus, and different cerebellar clusters. Moreover, alterations in LC-ACC connectivity correlated negatively with depression severity (i.e., Geriatric Depression Scale and number of recurrences). Reduced connectivity of the LC during oddball performance seems to specifically characterize patients with late-life MDD, but not other populations of aged individuals with cognitive alterations. Such alteration is associated with different measures of disease severity, such as the current presence of symptoms and the burden of disease (number of recurrences)., (Copyright © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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36. Effect of electrode geometry on the electrolyte resistance measurement over the surface of a skin phantom in a noninvasive manner.
- Author
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Delgado-Arenas HF, Rodríguez-López A, Rivera F, Ramos KJ, Reséndiz-Ramírez R, and Antano-Lopez R
- Subjects
- Computer Simulation, Electric Impedance, Electrodes, Finite Element Analysis, Humans, Models, Biological, Electrolytes analysis, Skin chemistry
- Abstract
We analyzed the electrode geometry to obtain the potential (E) and current density (J) distributions at the surface of a skin phantom (SP), in this case a planar surface. Two electrode geometries were tested: a circular electrode (CiE) and a rectangular electrode (ReE). First, by a finite element simulation, we calculated the E and J distributions at the surface of the SP. Second, we determined the resistivity properties as a function of the electrochemical impedance. Three- and four-electrode configurations were used to measure the E versus distance between the reference electrodes (d). For the ReE, the electrolyte resistance (R
e ) measurements show a linear behavior with respect to "d" if the zone of the linear distribution of E and the homogeneous current density (JH ) is considered. In contrast, the CiE shows nonlinear behavior due to the absence of that zone of the linear distribution of E and JH in the entire range. For ReE, we deduced that the behavior of Re versus "d" is related to the material resistivity. Consequently, the ReE geometry improves the Re measurements on the surface and shows us a way to control the behavior of this element in planar samples such as skin., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2019
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37. DNA damage in different wildlife species exposed to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) from the delta of the Coatzacoalcos river, Mexico.
- Author
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González-Mille DJ, Ilizaliturri-Hernández CA, Espinosa-Reyes G, Cruz-Santiago O, Cuevas-Díaz MDC, Martín Del Campo CC, and Flores-Ramírez R
- Subjects
- Animals, Aquatic Organisms genetics, Gulf of Mexico, Mexico, Organic Chemicals analysis, Water Pollutants, Chemical analysis, Aquatic Organisms drug effects, DNA Damage, Environmental Monitoring methods, Organic Chemicals toxicity, Rivers chemistry, Water Pollutants, Chemical toxicity
- Abstract
The delta of the Coatzacoalcos river is a priority region for the biological conservation in the Gulf of Mexico. Environmental studies in the area have detected a complex mixture of contaminants where the presence of Persistent organic compounds (POPs) is highlighted. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) integrity of biological populations are global concerns due to their ecological implications. The purpose of this study was to measure the exposure to POPs and DNA damage in nine species residing in the Coatzacoalcos river classified by taxonomic group, type of habitat and feeding habits. Total POPs concentrations (minimum and maximum) detected for all species were from 22.7 to 24,662.1 ng/g l.w; and the values of DNA damage (minimum and maximum) varied from 0.7 to 20.5 and from 6.5 to 56.8 μm (Olive tail moment and tail length respectively). Broadly speaking, reptiles, species residing in the wetland and the ones with a carnivorous diet showed higher levels of POPs and DNA damage. This study provides us with a baseline of the state of POPs contamination and shows the degree of environmental stress to which the different components of the ecosystem of the Coatzacoalcos river delta are subject to., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Engineered thermostable β-fructosidase from Thermotoga maritima with enhanced fructooligosaccharides synthesis.
- Author
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Menéndez C, Martínez D, Pérez ER, Musacchio A, Ramírez R, López-Munguía A, and Hernández L
- Subjects
- Bacterial Proteins genetics, Catalytic Domain, Gene Expression, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Kinetics, Molecular Docking Simulation, Mutagenesis, Site-Directed, Mutation, Oligosaccharides chemistry, Pichia genetics, Pichia metabolism, Protein Engineering, Recombinant Proteins genetics, Recombinant Proteins isolation & purification, Recombinant Proteins metabolism, Substrate Specificity, Sucrose metabolism, Temperature, Thermotoga maritima genetics, beta-Fructofuranosidase genetics, Bacterial Proteins metabolism, Oligosaccharides biosynthesis, Thermotoga maritima enzymology, beta-Fructofuranosidase metabolism
- Abstract
The thermostable β-fructosidase (BfrA) from the bacterium Thermotoga maritima converts sucrose into glucose, fructose, and low levels of short-chain fructooligosaccharides (FOS) at high substrate concentration (1.75 M) and elevated temperatures (60-70 °C). In this research, FOS produced by BfrA were characterized by HPAE-PAD analysis as a mixture of 1-kestotriose, 6
G -kestotriose (neokestose), and to a major extent 6-kestotriose. In order to increase the FOS yield, three BfrA mutants (W14Y, W14Y-N16S and W14Y-W256Y), designed from sequence divergence between hydrolases and transferases, were constructed and constitutively expressed in the non-saccharolytic yeast Pichia pastoris. The secreted recombinant glycoproteins were purified and characterized. The three mutants synthesized 6-kestotriose as the major component of a FOS mixture that includes minor amounts of tetra- and pentasaccharides. In all cases, sucrose hydrolysis was the predominant reaction. All mutants reached a similar overall FOS yield, with the average value 37.6% (w/w) being 3-fold higher than that of the wild-type enzyme (12.6%, w/w). None of the mutations altered the enzyme thermophilicity and thermostability. The single mutant W14Y, with specific activity of 841 U mg-1 , represents an attractive candidate for the continuous production of FOS-containing invert syrup at pasteurization temperatures., (Copyright © 2019. Published by Elsevier Inc.)- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Synthesis of biochar from chili seeds and its application to remove ibuprofen from water. Equilibrium and 3D modeling.
- Author
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Ocampo-Perez R, Padilla-Ortega E, Medellin-Castillo NA, Coronado-Oyarvide P, Aguilar-Madera CG, Segovia-Sandoval SJ, Flores-Ramírez R, and Parra-Marfil A
- Subjects
- Adsorption, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal analysis, Charcoal chemical synthesis, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Kinetics, Models, Theoretical, Osmolar Concentration, Seeds chemistry, Temperature, Capsicum chemistry, Charcoal chemistry, Ibuprofen analysis, Waste Disposal, Fluid methods, Water Pollutants, Chemical analysis
- Abstract
In this work chili seeds (Capsicum annuum) were used as raw material in the synthesis of biochar at temperatures between 400 and 600 °C. The samples were chemically, texturally and morphologically characterized and their properties were correlated with the calcination temperature. The adsorption mechanism of IBP was elucidated by analyzing the effect of solution pH, ionic strength and temperature, whereas that, the intraparticle diffusion mechanism was clarified through the application of a 3D diffusional model. The results evidenced that raising the pyrolysis temperature promotes a greater content of disordered graphitic carbon (51.6-85.02%) with small surface area (0.52-0.18 m
2 /g) and low quantity of functional groups. The adsorption study demonstrated that the biochar synthesized at 600 °C (C600) enhances the adsorption capacity >50 folds compared with chili seeds. Moreover, at pH = 7 the adsorption mechanism is governed by π-acceptor and attractive electrostatic interactions, whereas at basic pH the main adsorption mechanism is π-acceptor. Additionally, hydrophobic interactions become important by increasing the presence of NaCl. The application of 3D diffusional model based on surface diffusion interpreted clearly the kinetic curves obtaining values of Ds ranging from 2.31 × 10-8 -2.51 × 10-8 cm2 s-1 . Besides, it was determined that intraparticle mass flux is larger along the shortest axis of the seed, and always directed toward the particle center. The maximum mass flux takes place in the center of particle, and it advances like a moving front as time was increased., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. DNA damage in earthworms by exposure of Persistent Organic Pollutants in low basin of Coatzacoalcos River, Mexico.
- Author
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Espinosa-Reyes G, Costilla-Salazar R, Pérez-Vázquez FJ, González-Mille DJ, Flores-Ramírez R, Del Carmen Cuevas-Díaz M, Medellin-Garibay SE, and Ilizaliturri-Hernández CA
- Subjects
- Animals, Environmental Monitoring, Mexico, Oligochaeta genetics, DNA Damage, Environmental Exposure, Oligochaeta drug effects, Soil Pollutants adverse effects
- Abstract
Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) are stable organic chemicals that represent a potential risk for ecosystems due to their high toxicity, persistence and biomagnification through food chains. Bioindicators in ecosystems have emerged to assess the effect of environmental pollutants. Earthworms are some of the most common bioindicator organisms in terrestrial ecosystems. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the geontoxicity of POP exposure in wild earthworms captured at different levels of urbanization throughout the lower basin of the Coatzacoalcos River (industrial, urban and rural areas). POP soil and earthworm tissue concentrations were measured via Gas-Mass Chromatography, and earthworm DNA damage was evaluated through the comet assay. The greatest concentrations of ΣPOPs, DDT and HCH were found in soil from industrial sites, followed by urban and rural areas (504.68, 383.10, 298.16; 22.6, 4.6, 2.6 and 433.7, 364, 255.6 mg/kg, respectively). Unlike other pollutants, mean ΣPCBs values were highest for industrial soil samples, followed by those from rural and urban areas (41.10, 33.97 and 12.44 mg/kg respectively). For all earthworm tissue POP analyses, the highest concentrations were found in individuals from industrial sites, followed by the urban and rural areas. Furthermore, the highest levels of DNA damage were registered in the industrial area, followed by the urban and rural areas. These assays suggest a strong links among regional soil contamination, POPs bioavailability and the potential risk of detrimental health effects for organisms that inhabit surface soil (soil life). Earthworms contribute vital ecosystem services that could be affected by these results. This work provides evidence of the potential ecological risk that exists in the Lower Basin of the Coatzacoalcos River., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Positron emission mammography in the evaluation of interim response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced breast cancer.
- Author
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Soldevilla-Gallardo I, Villaseñor-Navarro Y, Medina-Ornelas SS, Villarreal-Garza C, Bargalló-Rocha E, Caro-Sánchez CH, Gallardo-Alvarado LN, Hernández-Ramírez R, Arela-Quispe LM, and García-Pérez FO
- Abstract
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) has an important role in patients with locally advanced cancers, treating distant micrometastases, downstaging tumors, improving operability, and sometimes allowing breast-conserving surgery to take place. We studied the association between two Positron Emission Mammography with
18 F-FDG (18 F-FDG-PEM) semi-quantitative parameters in 108 patients and correlated with pathologic response in each of the following breast cancer subtype: Triple negative breast cancer (TPN), HER2-positive, and ER-positive/HER2-negative cancers., Aim: Examine the association between two Positron Emission Mammography (PEM) semi-quantitative parameters: PUVmax (maximum uptake value) and LTB (lesion to background) baseline and the end of NAC with pathologic response in each breast cancer subtype., Methods: 108 patients, 71 with invasive ductal carcinoma and 37 with infiltrating lobular carcinoma were evaluate with18 F-FDG-PEM scans baseline and after end of NAC. We assessed the impact of 2 PEM semi-quantitative parameters for molecular subtype correlated with pathologic response according Miller-Payne grade (MPG)., Results: After NAC, an overall reduction of 2 PEM semi-quantitative parameters was found. Neither breast cancer subtypes nor Ki67 modified chemotherapy responses. Compared to PUVmax, an overall increase of LTB was found in baseline condition, independent of the expressed immunophenotype. Post-treatment values of PUVmax revealed a significant reduction compared to baseline values (4.8 ± 0.26 vs. 1.9 ± 0.18; p < 0.001) and LTB exhibited a significant decay after the first course of NACT (15.8 ± 1.36 vs. 5.5 ± 0.49; p < 0.001). Using the Kruskal-Wallis H test which showed no correlation between the different molecular subtypes and the MPG and PUVmax and LTB (p = 0.52), but if a correlation was found between the response rate by MPG and both semiquantitative parameters (p = 0.05)., Conclusion: 2 PEM semi-quantitative parameters demonstrated a statically significant correlation and equivalence across the different breast cancer subtypes correlated with pathologic response according to MPG. PEM did not allow for prediction of NAC response in terms of breast cancer biomarkers, it is not discarded that this technology might be helpful for individual treatment stratification in breast cancer., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Minimally Invasive Treatment for a Sacral Tarlov Cyst Through Tubular Retractors.
- Author
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Del Castillo-Calcáneo JD, Navarro-Ramírez R, Nakhla J, Kim E, and Härtl R
- Subjects
- Adult, Drainage, Female, Humans, Laminectomy, Lumbar Vertebrae diagnostic imaging, Lumbar Vertebrae surgery, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Sacrum diagnostic imaging, Sacrum surgery, Tarlov Cysts diagnostic imaging, Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures, Tarlov Cysts surgery
- Abstract
Background: Tarlov cysts (TC) are focal dilations of arachnoid and dura mater of the spinal posterior nerve root sheath that appear as cystic lesions of the nerve roots typically in the lower spine, especially in the sacrum, which can cause radicular symptoms when they increase in size and compress the nerve roots. Different open procedures have been described to treat TCs, but no minimally invasive procedures have been described to effectively address this pathology., Case Description: A 29-year-old woman presented with right lower extremity pain and weakness. A magnetic resonance imaging scan demonstrated a lumbosacral TC that protruded through the right L5-S1 foramina. Through a small laminotomy, cyst drainage followed by neck ligation using a Scanlan modified technique through tubular retractors was performed. The patient recovered full motor function within the first days postoperatively and showed no signs of relapse at 6-month follow-up., Conclusions: Minimally invasive spine surgery through tubular retractors can be safely performed for successful excision and ligation of TC using a Scanlan modified technique., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Novel antihelmintic activity of tinidazole coordination compounds. Relevance of the metal ion and structural properties.
- Author
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Alfaro-Fuentes I, Castro-Ramírez R, Ortiz-Pastrana N, Medina-Guerrero RM, Soler-Jiménez LC, Martínez-Rodríguez I, Betancourt-Lozano M, Ibarra-Castro L, Barba-Behrens N, and Fajer-Ávila EJ
- Subjects
- Animals, Anthelmintics chemical synthesis, Anthelmintics chemistry, Anthelmintics pharmacology, Coordination Complexes chemical synthesis, Coordination Complexes chemistry, Coordination Complexes pharmacology, Fish Diseases drug therapy, Fish Diseases parasitology, Fishes parasitology, Helminthiasis drug therapy, Metals chemistry, Platyhelminths, Tinidazole chemistry, Tinidazole pharmacology
- Abstract
The in vitro and in vivo antihelmintic activity of cobalt(II), copper(II) and zinc(II) coordination compounds of tinidazole (tnz) were investigated in cultivated spotted rose snapper, infested with dactylogyrid monogeneans. The tinidazole coordination compounds [Co(tnz)
2 Cl2 ], [Co(tnz)2 Br2 ], [Cu(tnz)2 Cl2 ], [Cu(tnz)2 Br2 ], [Zn(tnz)2 Cl2 ] and [Zn(tnz)2 Br2 ] were synthesized and spectroscopically characterized. Their molecular structures were determined by their single crystal X-ray diffraction. The metal ions presented distorted tetrahedral geometries, with an intramolecular bifurcated lone pair SO⋯π, from the sulfone group with the imidazolic ring, which contributed to the stability of the compounds in solid state and in solution. Adults of dactylogyrids were exposed in vitro to tinidazole and its coordination compounds. The effective median concentrations of copper(II) coordination compounds were lower than those of cobalt(II) and zinc(II), tnz showed no activity. In vivo oral intubation tests were carried out with [Cu(tnz)2 Br2 ], [Zn(tnz)2 Br2 ] and tnz on snappers infected with dactylogyrids, where the copper(II) compound showed better activity. The absorption and distribution assessment for the [Cu(tnz)2 Br2 ], showed that copper concentrations in liver were significantly higher than in blood and gills, indicating bioaccumulation in this organ. In vivo baths of [Cu(tnz)2 Br2 ] at 25mg/L showed an effective (95% at 8h) antihelmintic effect, while [Zn(tnz)2 Br2 ] had low antihelmintic efficacy. This study indicates that [Cu(tnz)2 Br2 ] has an effective antihelmintic activity towards dactylogyrids monogeneans affecting cultivated spotted red snapper., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Leptin regulation of inward membrane currents, electrical activity and LH release in isolated bovine gonadotropes.
- Author
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Domínguez-Mancera B, Barrientos-Morales M, Cervantes-Acosta P, Hernández-Beltrán A, Rodríguez-Andrade A, González-Ramírez R, Monjaraz E, and Felix R
- Subjects
- Animals, Cattle, Cells, Cultured, Male, Action Potentials physiology, Endocrine Cells physiology, Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone metabolism, Leptin metabolism, Luteinizing Hormone metabolism, Membrane Potentials physiology
- Abstract
Leptin, a peptide hormone produced by adipocytes, is recognized as one of the signals involved in the onset of reproductive activity. The leptin receptor has been found in hypothalamic neurons and pituitary gonadotropes, suggesting that the hormone may act at both sites to stimulate the secretion of GnRH and consequently, FSH and LH. In response to a stimulus such as a hypothalamic secretagogue, gonadotropes respond with changes in electrical activity, intracellular Ca
2+ and hormone release. The main aim of this report was to investigate whether leptin promotes a change in the electrical and secretory activities of bovine gonadotropes. After 48 h of treatment with leptin (10 nM) significant changes in the action potential properties were observed in gonadotropes, which included an increase in amplitude, time-to-pike and post-hyperpolarization, as well as a decrease in firing threshold. Likewise, leptin induced a significant (∼1.3-fold) up-regulation of voltage-gated Na+ channel current density, and a selective increase (∼2.1-fold) in Ca2+ current density through high voltage-activated channels. Consistent with this, leptin enhanced GnRH-induced secretion of LH measured by ELISA. We suggest that leptin enhances membrane expression of voltage-gated Na+ and Ca2+ channels, which results in a modulation of the action potential properties and an increase in hormone release from gonadotropes., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Validation of a new method based on salting-out assisted liquid-liquid extraction and UHPLC-MS/MS for the determination of betalactam antibiotics in infant dairy products.
- Author
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Moreno-González D, Rodríguez-Ramírez R, Del Olmo-Iruela M, and García-Campaña AM
- Subjects
- Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents isolation & purification, Cattle, Humans, Infant, Infant Food, Limit of Detection, beta-Lactams isolation & purification, Anti-Bacterial Agents analysis, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid methods, Liquid-Liquid Extraction methods, Milk chemistry, Sodium Chloride chemistry, Tandem Mass Spectrometry methods, beta-Lactams analysis
- Abstract
In this work a new multiresidue method has been developed for the determination of 15 betalactam antibiotics in infant milk and yogurt based on follow-on milk by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). The separation was achieved in 6min, using a Kinetex Biphenyl Core-Shell column (50mmx2.1mm, 1.7µm), with a mobile phase of water with 0.05% acetic acid and methanol. The analytes were detected in ESI+ with multiple reaction monitoring mode and fragmentation conditions were optimized to obtain the highest sensitivity. The use of a biphenyl bonded column allowed to obtain a satisfactory selectivity for all the studied analytes. Moreover, ion-pair salting-out assisted liquid-liquid extraction (IP-SALLE) has been proposed as sample treatment and optimized by means of experimental design. Under optimum conditions, the recoveries for fortified samples ranged from 79% to 93%, (RSD <7.5%). The limits of quantification were lower than 9.0µgkg
-1 , showing the high sensitivity and applicability of this fast and simple method. The results in terms of analysis time, sensitivity and accuracy showed the suitability of this procedure for the monitoring of betalactam residues in different infant foods., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Biomonitoring of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in child populations living near contaminated sites in Mexico.
- Author
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Flores-Ramírez R, Pérez-Vázquez FJ, Rodríguez-Aguilar M, Medellín-Garibay SE, Van Brussel E, Cubillas-Tejeda AC, Carrizales-Yáñez L, and Díaz-Barriga F
- Subjects
- Child, Child, Preschool, Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene metabolism, Endosulfan metabolism, Environmental Exposure analysis, Environmental Monitoring, Female, Hazardous Waste Sites, Humans, Male, Mexico, Polychlorinated Biphenyls metabolism, Environmental Exposure statistics & numerical data, Environmental Pollutants metabolism, Organic Chemicals metabolism
- Abstract
The aim of this study was to conduct a POP biomonitoring programme for children in high-risk areas. We evaluated 247 serum samples from children between the ages of 6 and 12years old from two zones in Mexico: (1) indigenous zones, which included Cuatlamayan (CUA), Tocoy (TOC), and Santa Maria Picula (SAM); and (2) industrial zones, which included Tercera Chica (TC), Industrial San Luis (IND) and Rincon de San Jose (SJR); Mundo Nuevo (MN); and Alpuyeca (ALP). Our results showed that α-endosulfan was similar to CUA, TOC, SAM, TC and MN (178.6-306.9ng/g lipid). β-Endosulfan levels were higher in ALP (901.5ng/g lipid), followed by CUA (139.9ng/g lipid) and TOC, SAM, TC and MN, which had similar levels (55.4-64.5ng/g lipid). For endosulfan sulfate, the ALP community had the highest concentration levels (1096.4ng/g lipid), whereas CUA and TOC (212.3 and 289ng/g lipid, respectively) had concentrations similar to those found in SAM and TC (99.5 and 119.1ng/g lipid, respectively). DDE levels were found in malaria-endemic areas of SAM, CUA and TOC (1782.2, 1358.3 and 57.0ng/g lipid), followed by MN (35.1ng/g lipid). HCB concentration levels were found to be higher in MN and SJR (691.8 and 575.4ng/g lipid, respectively), followed by CUA and TC (363.9 and 269.1ng/g lipid, respectively), with levels similar to those found in TOC and SAM (191.8 and 181.9ng/g lipid, respectively). Finally, PCB 101 concentration levels were found to be the highest in ALP (1032.7ng/g lipid), followed by similar levels of SJR and IND (567.5 and 327.3ng/g lipid, respectively) and TC and MN, with 109.1 and 144.5ng/g lipid, respectively. The evidence provided by this exploratory study indicates that the evaluation of the health risks posed to children living in contaminated areas is a high priority health issue., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Computer assisted preoperative planning of bone fracture reduction: Simulation techniques and new trends.
- Author
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Jiménez-Delgado JJ, Paulano-Godino F, PulidoRam-Ramírez R, and Jiménez-Pérez JR
- Subjects
- Computer Simulation, Forecasting, Fracture Fixation trends, Humans, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted methods, Imaging, Three-Dimensional methods, Imaging, Three-Dimensional trends, Preoperative Care methods, Preoperative Care trends, Reproducibility of Results, Sensitivity and Specificity, Simulation Training methods, Simulation Training trends, Surgery, Computer-Assisted trends, Fracture Fixation methods, Fractures, Bone diagnostic imaging, Fractures, Bone surgery, Models, Biological, Surgery, Computer-Assisted methods
- Abstract
The development of support systems for surgery significantly increases the likelihood of obtaining satisfactory results. In the case of fracture reduction interventions these systems enable surgery planning, training, monitoring and assessment. They allow improvement of fracture stabilization, a minimizing of health risks and a reduction of surgery time. Planning a bone fracture reduction by means of a computer assisted simulation involves several semiautomatic or automatic steps. The simulation deals with the correct position of osseous fragments and fixation devices for a fracture reduction. Currently, to the best of our knowledge there is no computer assisted methods to plan an entire fracture reduction process. This paper presents an overall scheme of the computer based process for planning a bone fracture reduction, as described above, and details its main steps, the most common proposed techniques and their main shortcomings. In addition, challenges and new trends of this research field are depicted and analyzed., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. P-glycoprotein in autoimmune rheumatic diseases.
- Author
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García-Carrasco M, Mendoza-Pinto C, Macias Díaz S, Vera-Recabarren M, Vázquez de Lara L, Méndez Martínez S, Soto-Santillán P, González-Ramírez R, and Ruiz-Arguelles A
- Subjects
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 genetics, Animals, Humans, Polymorphism, Genetic, Substrate Specificity, ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 immunology, Autoimmune Diseases immunology, Rheumatic Diseases immunology
- Abstract
P-glycoprotein (Pgp) is a transmembrane protein of 170 kD encoded by the multidrug resistance 1 (MDR-1) gene, localized on chromosome 7. More than 50 polymorphisms of the MDR-1 gene have been described; a subset of these has been shown to play a pathophysiological role in the development of inflammatory bowel disease, femoral head osteonecrosis induced by steroids, lung cancer and renal epithelial tumors. Polymorphisms that have a protective effect on the development of conditions such as Parkinson disease have also been identified. P-glycoprotein belongs to the adenosine triphosphate binding cassette transporter superfamily and its structure comprises a chain of approximately 1280 aminoacid residues with an N-C terminal structure, arranged as 2 homologous halves, each of which has 6 transmembrane segments, with a total of 12 segments with 2 cytoplasmic nucleotide binding domains. Many cytokines like interleukin 2 and tumor necrosis factor alpha increase Pgp expression and activity. Pgp functions as an efflux pump for a variety of toxins in order to protect particular organs and tissues as the central nervous system. Pgp transports a variety of substrates including glucocorticoids while other drugs such as tacrolimus and cyclosporine A act as modulators of this protein. The most widely used method to measure Pgp activity is flow cytometry using naturally fluorescent substrates such as anthracyclines or rhodamine 123. The study of drug resistance and its association to Pgp began with the study of resistance to chemotherapy in the treatment of cancer and antiretroviral therapy for human immunodeficiency virus; however, the role of Pgp in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis has been a focus of study lately and has emerged as an important mechanism by which treatment failure occurs. The present review analyzes the role of Pgp in these autoimmune diseases., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Economic Burden Of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus For Costa Rica.
- Author
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Soto Molina H, Díaz Martínez JP, Ramírez R, Escobar Juárez Y, and Pizarro Castellanos M
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Primary pleural hybrid cellular schwannoma/perineurioma: a case report.
- Author
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Soria-Céspedes D, Robles-Vidal C, Gómez-González A, Peñaloza-Ramírez R, and Ortiz-Hidalgo C
- Subjects
- Chest Pain etiology, Claudin-1 metabolism, Dyspnea etiology, Glucose Transporter Type 1 metabolism, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Mucin-1 metabolism, Nerve Sheath Neoplasms complications, Nerve Sheath Neoplasms genetics, Nerve Sheath Neoplasms pathology, Neurilemmoma complications, Neurilemmoma genetics, Neurilemmoma pathology, Pleural Neoplasms complications, Pleural Neoplasms genetics, Pleural Neoplasms pathology, Positron-Emission Tomography, S100 Proteins metabolism, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Neoplasms, Multiple Primary, Nerve Sheath Neoplasms diagnosis, Neurilemmoma diagnosis, Pleural Neoplasms diagnosis
- Abstract
Hybrid schwannoma/perineurioma is a recently characterized benign nerve sheath tumor, most commonly affecting the lower limb and limb girdle. Hybrid tumors located in the subcutis of the trunk have not previously been reported to affect the pleura. We describe a 52-year-old man with dyspnea and thoracic pain due to a large mass in the right pleura, histologically composed of densely packed, S-100-positive spindle cells, intermixed with cells containing slender nuclei positive for epithelial membrane antigen, Glut-1, and claudin-1. To our knowledge, this is the first report of hybrid schwannoma/perineurioma in the pleura., (Copyright © 2014 The Japanese Respiratory Society. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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