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1. List of Contributors

Author

Adhikari, Puspa L., primary, Adkins, Matthew, additional, Albaigés, Joan, additional, Bacosa, Hernando P., additional, Baker, Gregory, additional, Baldassare, Fred, additional, Bayona, Josep M., additional, Beegle-Krause, C.J., additional, Benotti, Mark J., additional, Birkholz, Detlef A., additional, Blaga, Cornelia, additional, Bong, Chui-Wei, additional, Bosman, Samantha H., additional, Brown, Carl E., additional, Brunswick, Pamela, additional, Chanton, Jeffrey P., additional, Chapman, Elizabeth, additional, Chen, Mei-Hua, additional, Chever, Fanny, additional, Christensen, Jan H., additional, Corley, Julie, additional, Crowley, Deborah, additional, de la Torre, Laura, additional, de Oliveira, Olívia M.C., additional, de Souza Queiroz, Antônio F., additional, Dela Cruz, Majbrit, additional, Domínguez, Carmen, additional, Douglas, Gregory S., additional, Driskell, William B., additional, Emsbo-Mattingly, Stephen, additional, Esquinas, Noemi, additional, Evans, Meredith M., additional, Fitz, Nicolas, additional, Franks, James S., additional, French-McCay, Deborah P., additional, Gallego, José Luis R., additional, Gallotta, Fabiana D.C., additional, Gravel, A.J., additional, Guyomarch, Julien, additional, Hardenstine, Jeffery, additional, Harrill, Joshua A., additional, He, Shijie, additional, Healey, Edward (Ted), additional, Ho, Ching-Jen, additional, Hollebone, Bruce, additional, Horn, Matthew, additional, Hung, Wei-Nung, additional, Jayko, Katherine, additional, Jezequel, Ronan, additional, Kienhuis, Paul G.M., additional, Kim, Marcus, additional, Kind, John A., additional, Krahforst, Kerylynn, additional, Kristensen, Mette, additional, Kruge, Michael A., additional, Kuhlman, Christopher L., additional, Lambert, Patrick, additional, Landriault, Mike, additional, Lara-Gonzalo, Azucena, additional, Larter, Stephen R., additional, Layland, Sandra, additional, Lefkovitz, Lisa, additional, Li, Yuanwei, additional, Li, Zhengkai, additional, Lima, Danúsia F., additional, Litman, Eric, additional, Liu, Bo, additional, Liu, Xiaoxing, additional, Liu, Zhanfei, additional, Mendelsohn, Daniel, additional, Meniconi, Maria de F.G., additional, Meyer, Buffy M., additional, Miles, Martin Scott, additional, Millner, Glenn C., additional, Mills, Marc A., additional, Moreira, Ícaro T.A., additional, Nony, Paul A., additional, Oldenburg, Thomas B.P., additional, Olson, Gregory M., additional, Overton, Edward B., additional, Papineau, Joseph, additional, Park, Grace, additional, Payne, James R., additional, Peschier, Leo, additional, Paul Philp, R., additional, Poulsen, Kristoffer G., additional, Radović, Jagoš R., additional, Reyes, Claudia Y., additional, Rogers, Kelsey L., additional, Runciman, David, additional, Shang, Dayue, additional, Silva, Carine S., additional, Spaulding, Malcolm L., additional, Stout, Scott A., additional, Todd, Gordon, additional, Tolosa, Imma, additional, Tomasi, Giorgio, additional, Vaezzadeh, Vahab, additional, van Aggelen, Graham, additional, Wagener, Angela de L.R., additional, Wang, Chuanyuan, additional, Wang, Qing, additional, Wang, Zhendi, additional, Wnek, Shawn M., additional, Wong, Wendy, additional, Wu, Suh-Huey, additional, Yang, Chun, additional, Yang, Zeyu, additional, Zakaria, Mohamad P., additional, Zhang, Gong, additional, and Zhang, Haijiang, additional

Published
2018
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2. Fifty Years of Petroleum Geochemistry

Author

R. Paul Philp

Subjects
business.industry, Oil spill, Environmental resource management, Environmental science, Asset (economics), business, Petroleum geochemistry
Abstract

Any environmental forensic investigation generally revolves around three or four important questions, such as: what is the product; where did it come from; how long has it been there and is it degrading? Many site-or incident-specific factors will determine how these questions are addressed but most will l involve chemical analysis using gas chromatography (GC), GC–mass spectrometry, and stable isotopes. Interpretation of these data for forensic purposes derives from the understanding of oil chemistry, weathering, and naturally occurring organic matter in the environment that exists within decades of petroleum geochemistry literature, which is not commonly used by the majority of environmental investigators but can be very useful in providing additional clues that can be of great use in differentiating oils from different sources.

Published
2018
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3. List of Contributors

Author

Puspa L. Adhikari, Matthew Adkins, Joan Albaigés, Hernando P. Bacosa, Gregory Baker, Fred Baldassare, Josep M. Bayona, C.J. Beegle-Krause, Mark J. Benotti, Detlef A. Birkholz, Cornelia Blaga, Chui-Wei Bong, Samantha H. Bosman, Carl E. Brown, Pamela Brunswick, Jeffrey P. Chanton, Elizabeth Chapman, Mei-Hua Chen, Fanny Chever, Jan H. Christensen, Julie Corley, Deborah Crowley, Laura de la Torre, Olívia M.C. de Oliveira, Antônio F. de Souza Queiroz, Majbrit Dela Cruz, Carmen Domínguez, Gregory S. Douglas, William B. Driskell, Stephen Emsbo-Mattingly, Noemi Esquinas, Meredith M. Evans, Nicolas Fitz, James S. Franks, Deborah P. French-McCay, José Luis R. Gallego, Fabiana D.C. Gallotta, A.J. Gravel, Julien Guyomarch, Jeffery Hardenstine, Joshua A. Harrill, Shijie He, Edward (Ted) Healey, Ching-Jen Ho, Bruce Hollebone, Matthew Horn, Wei-Nung Hung, Katherine Jayko, Ronan Jezequel, Paul G.M. Kienhuis, Marcus Kim, John A. Kind, Kerylynn Krahforst, Mette Kristensen, Michael A. Kruge, Christopher L. Kuhlman, Patrick Lambert, Mike Landriault, Azucena Lara-Gonzalo, Stephen R. Larter, Sandra Layland, Lisa Lefkovitz, Yuanwei Li, Zhengkai Li, Danúsia F. Lima, Eric Litman, Bo Liu, Xiaoxing Liu, Zhanfei Liu, Daniel Mendelsohn, Maria de F.G. Meniconi, Buffy M. Meyer, Martin Scott Miles, Glenn C. Millner, Marc A. Mills, Ícaro T.A. Moreira, Paul A. Nony, Thomas B.P. Oldenburg, Gregory M. Olson, Edward B. Overton, Joseph Papineau, Grace Park, James R. Payne, Leo Peschier, R. Paul Philp, Kristoffer G. Poulsen, Jagoš R. Radović, Claudia Y. Reyes, Kelsey L. Rogers, David Runciman, Dayue Shang, Carine S. Silva, Malcolm L. Spaulding, Scott A. Stout, Gordon Todd, Imma Tolosa, Giorgio Tomasi, Vahab Vaezzadeh, Graham van Aggelen, Angela de L.R. Wagener, Chuanyuan Wang, Qing Wang, Zhendi Wang, Shawn M. Wnek, Wendy Wong, Suh-Huey Wu, Chun Yang, Zeyu Yang, Mohamad P. Zakaria, Gong Zhang, and Haijiang Zhang

Published
2018
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4. Application of Stable Isotopes and Radioisotopes in Environmental Forensics

Author

R. Paul Philp

Subjects
Environmental studies, Chlorinated solvents, Chemistry, Stable isotope ratio, Environmental chemistry, BTEX, Gas chromatography, Biochemical engineering, Mass spectrometry
Abstract

Environmental forensics has emerged as an important area of environmental studies over the past two decades. One of the major areas of interest in environmental forensic investigations is to determine the origin or point of release of a spilled product. A wide variety of analytics are used to fingerprint the contaminant and potential sources in order to determine whether or not there is any relationship between them. If there are multiple possible sources in the area it may be difficult to narrow it down to a specific source. Furthermore, fingerprinting tools that may be useful with complex mixtures may not be directly applicable to single-component mixtures. In situations such as this, utilization of stable isotopes of the individual compounds becomes a particularly powerful tool for undertaking the correlations. The purpose of this chapter will be to provide a review along with some recent examples of the nature of the stable isotope information that is typically obtained in environmental forensic investigations and how this information may be interpreted. Examples will involve hydrocarbons, chlorinated solvents, and MTBE and BTEX compounds. Techniques will include gas chromatography (GC), gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GCMS), stable isotopes—both bulk and gas—and chromatography–isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GCIRMS).

Published
2015
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