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Introduction: The World Health Organization (WHO) 2030 agenda for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs target 3.4) identifies non-communicable diseases (NCDs) as a key challenge for sustainable development. As one of the major NCD risks, here, we estimated the prevalence of overweight/obesity in adults and assessed country-economic variations using meta-analysis. Methods: The latest STEPwise approach to NCD risk factor surveillance (STEPS) report of WHO member states studied on overweight/obesity from 2000 to 2020 were reviewed and related data were assessed further. The prevalence of overweight/obesity was pooled using the random effects model. The subgroup analysis and meta-regression were performed based on countries’ economic status obtained from the World Bank’s country development index 2019. Study heterogeneity and publication bias were also observed. Results: Out of 73 studies with 469,766 participants analyzed, the highest overweight/obesity prevalence was found in American Samoa (93.5 %), while Democratic People’s Republic of Korea had the lowest prevalence (4.4 %). The overall weighted pooled prevalence of overweight/obesity regardless of countries economic status was 37.0 % [95 % CI: 33 %-42 %]. There was significant heterogeneity in the prevalence of overweight/obesity (I2 = 99.91 %; p

One of the most popular tourist destinations is St. Martin's Island, which features a unique state of the socio-ecological environment of Bangladesh. However, tourists, other outsiders, and the island's growing human population significantly influence the overall standard of the socio-ecological environment, which is narrowly described in existing literature. The research aims to assess the state of the socio-ecological environment, particularly the quality of water, soil,flora and fauna, housing, economic activities, cropping pattern, and key degradation of the island. A questionnaire survey was used to assess housing patterns and ownership, drinking water sources, pollutants, vegetation, cropping patterns, and environmental issues. Furthermore, water samples from coastal regions and tube wells were obtained from 138 sampling points examined in the renowned laboratory of leading Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR). Measurements were made of five physiochemical parameters such as pH, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Electrical Conductivity (EC), arsenic, and chlorine. The profile-based soil and sand samples were assessed based on Organic matter, Total Soluble Salt, pH, and CaCO3. The study found the saltwater along the coast of the island had a range of electrical conductivity from 371 to 7830, TDS from 194 to 8692 ppm, Cl concentration from 0.50 to 2.49 mg/l, arsenic content from 0.00 to 0.49, and pH from 5.50 to 8.09. The findings indicate that semi-brick accounted for 40% of the settlement while brick made up 19.7%, and 37.9% of the settlement was used for residential purposes, and 34.8% of it was made up for commercial purposes (e.g., hotels, resorts, restaurants etc.). Most hotels and residential areas used tube well water, and the study found that pollution from nearby and distant communities was the major cause of the environmental deterioration on island.

Soymilk (SM) is nutritionally nearly equal to milk from cows and is free of cholesterol, gluten, and lactose. This study’s objective was to formulate a cholesterol-free soymilk dessert (SOD) and compare it’s to commercial desserts (CODs). Results indicated that the CODs contain substantial amounts of cholesterol while SOD does not. Soymilk dessert has more protein, and vitamin E than CODs, but less fat and calcium. In addition, the result also highlighted that SOD has higher number of amino acids compared to CODs. The total antioxidant, flavonoids and phenolics content of SOD were significantly higher than CODs. Furthermore, the in vitro antioxidant activity of SOD and CODs by DPPH and ABTS methods revealed that the IC50 of SODs significantly (p < 0.001) lower than CODs, and lower IC50 indicated the higher free radical scavenging power of SODs than CODs. These findings indicated that this non-dairy SOD may provide beneficial protein, as well as minerals, and antioxidants to support the body’s various physiological functions.

We study a directed dynamical reaction–diffusion model with no-flux boundary conditions where two populations interact in a spatial heterogeneous closed environment state. Both populations growths are proportional to the same growth law, but the dispersal policies with the migration coefficients differ. The population is diffusing according to their resource functions, and the carrying capacity is bounded in a heterogeneous habitat. This paper’s main results are: if the dispersion functions are non-proportional, then the coexistence is not possible unless the whole environment is homogeneous; and in case of proportionality, the species shows similar behavior. The coexistence is possible if the resource phase and the distribution function of a second organism are identical and non-constant. A few numerical examples verify that the extinction of one species by the other and the coexistence are visible in a non-homogeneous environment.

This work presented the microwave assisted synthesis of six new 2́-hydroxychalcones and their characterization based on FTIR, UV–Vis, 1H NMR, and mass spectral analysis. Quantum chemical studies confirmed the structures of prepared chalcones. Antioxidant, in vitro antimicrobial and in silico antiviral studies have been performed to evaluate their biological performance. Results of molecular docking of prepared 2́-hydroxychalcones against SARS-CoV-2 (7BQY) main protease disclosed their inhibition which is comparable to standard, remdesivir and better than hydroxychloroquine (HCQ). ADMET prediction revealed them to be non-carcinogenic and relatively safe.

Objectives: The increasing prevalence of malnutrition among school-going adolescents is a major public health threat in Bangladesh. School studying adolescents are a crucial group suffering from malnutrition. Proper nutrition information can enrich their knowledge, promote their health and also minimize the burden of malnutrition. The study aimed to identify the sources of information and corresponding knowledge level on nutrition among school-going adolescents in Bangladesh. Study design: A school-based cross-sectional survey was carried out from January to August 2019. Methods: A pre-structured questionnaire having 13 validated questions regarding facts panel of packaged food and daily dietary habits was used to assess the knowledge. Scores on nutritional knowledge were calculated by summing up the answer values (Yes ​= ​1, No ​= ​0) and, scores below the overall mean were considered low. Logistic regression was employed to identify whether any source was related to respondents’ nutritional knowledge. Results: Family members were the most popular (52.4%) source of nutrition information. Majority students (43.2%) trusted professionals as an accurate source. Approximately half (49.1%) of the participants scored low (