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258 results on '"Mitchell C"'

1. Young infants with symptomatic tetralogy of Fallot: Shunt or primary repair?Central MessagePerspective

Author: Xin Tao Ye, MD, Soichiro Henmi, MD, PhD, Edward Buratto, MBBS, PhD, Mitchell C. Haverty, MS, Can Yerebakan, MD, Tyson Fricke, MBBS, PhD, Christian P. Brizard, MD, MS, Yves d’Udekem, MD, PhD, and Igor E. Konstantinov, MD, PhD
Subjects: tetralogy of Fallot, surgery, symptomatic, infants, palliation, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701, Surgery, RD1-811
Abstract: Objectives: The optimal treatment strategy for symptomatic young infants with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is unclear. We sought to compare the outcomes of staged repair (SR) (shunt palliation followed by second-stage complete repair) versus primary repair (PR) at 2 institutions that have exclusively adopted each strategy. Methods: We performed propensity score-matched comparison of 143 infants under 4 months of age who underwent shunt palliation at one institution between 1993 and 2021 with 122 infants who underwent PR between 2004 and 2018 at another institution. The primary outcome was mortality. Secondary outcomes were postoperative complications, durations of perioperative support and hospital stays, and reinterventions. Median follow-up was 8.3 years (interquartile range, 8.1-13.4 years). Results: After the initial procedure, hospital mortality (shunt, 2.8% vs PR, 2.5%; P = .86) and 10-year survival (shunt, 95%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 90%-98% vs PR, 90%; 95% CI, 81%-95%; P = .65) were similar. The SR group had a greater risk of early reinterventions but similar rates of late reinterventions. Propensity score matching yielded 57 well-balanced pairs. In the matched cohort, the SR group had similar freedom from reintervention (55%; 95% CI, 39%-68% vs 59%; 95% CI, 43%-71%; P = .85) and greater survival (98%; 95% CI, 88%-99.8% vs 85%; 95% CI, 69%-93%; P = .02) at 10 years, as the result of more noncardiac-related mortalities in the PR group. Conclusions: In symptomatic young infants with TOF operated at 2 institutions with exclusive treatment protocols, the SR strategy was associated with similar cardiac-related mortality and reinterventions as the PR strategy at medium-term follow-up.
Published: 2024
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2. A reciprocal relationship between mitochondria and lipid peroxidation determines the chondrocyte intracellular redox environment

Author: Madeline R. Hines, Piedad C. Gomez-Contreras, Suryamin Liman, Alexandria M. Wilson, Kevin J. Lu, Jaycie A. O'Neill, Jacob S. Fisher, Douglas C. Fredericks, Brett A. Wagner, Garry R. Buettner, Holly Van Remmen, and Mitchell C. Coleman
Subjects: Lipid peroxidation, Glutathione peroxidase 4, Mitochondria, Cartilage, Chondrocyte, Immuno-spin trapping, Medicine (General), R5-920, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: In orthopedic research, many studies have applied vitamin E as a protective antioxidant or used tert-butyl hydroperoxide to induce oxidative injury to chondrocytes. These studies often support the hypothesis that joint pathology causes oxidative stress and increased lipid peroxidation that might be prevented with lipid antioxidants to improve cell survival or function and joint health; however, lipid antioxidant supplementation was ineffective against osteoarthritis in clinical trials and animal data have been equivocal. Moreover, increased circulating vitamin E is associated with increased rates of osteoarthritis. This disconnect between benchtop and clinical results led us to hypothesize that oxidative stress-driven paradigms of chondrocyte redox function do not capture the metabolic and physiologic effects of lipid antioxidants and prooxidants on articular chondrocytes. We used ex vivo and in vivo cartilage models to investigate the effect of lipid antioxidants on healthy, primary, articular chondrocytes and applied immuno-spin trapping techniques to provide a broad indicator of high levels of oxidative stress independent of specific reactive oxygen species. Key findings demonstrate lipid antioxidants were pro-mitochondrial while lipid prooxidants decreased mitochondrial measures. In the absence of injury, radical formation was increased by lipid antioxidants; however, in the presence of injury, radical formation was decreased. In unstressed conditions, this relationship between chondrocyte mitochondria and redox regulation was reproduced in vivo with overexpression of glutathione peroxidase 4. In mice aged 18 months or more, overexpression of glutathione peroxidase 4 significantly decreased the presence of pro-mitochondrial peroxisome proliferation activated receptor gamma and deranged the relationship between mitochondria and the redox environment. This complex interaction suggests strategies targeting articular cartilage may benefit from adopting more nuanced paradigms of articular chondrocyte redox metabolism.
Published: 2024
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3. Survival benefits of the wait-and-grow approach in small babies (≤2000 g) requiring heart surgeryCentral MessagePerspective

Author: Soichiro Henmi, MD, PhD, Alyssia Venna, MBS, Mitchell C. Haverty, MS, Rittal Mehta, MS, BDS, Manan Desai, MD, Aybala Tongut, MD, Can Yerebakan, MD, Mary T. Donofrio, MD, Ricardo A. Munoz, MD, and Yves d’Udekem, MD
Subjects: low birth weight, cardiovascular surgery, single ventricle, delayed surgery, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701, Surgery, RD1-811
Abstract: Objective: The best approach to minimize the observed higher mortality of newborn infants with low birth weight who require congenital heart surgery is unclear. This retrospective study was designed to review outcomes of newborn infants weighing 3500 g at surgery were excluded. Results: Median age was 24 days and weight at the time of surgery was 1920 g. Twenty-six (25%) operative mortalities were recorded. Median follow-up period was 2.7 years. The 1- and 3-year overall Kaplan-Meier survival estimate was 72.4% ± 4.5% and 69.1% ± 4.6%. The 1-year survival of patients who had a weight increase >300 g from birth to surgery was far superior to the survival of those who did not achieve such a weight gain (81.4% ± 5.6% vs 64.0% ± 6.7%; log-rank P = .04). By multivariable Cox-hazard regression analysis, the independent predictor of 1-year mortality was genetic syndrome (hazard ratio, 3.54; 95% CI, 1.67-7.82; P
Published: 2024
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4. Kidney Replacement Therapy and Mortality in Children With Inborn Errors of Metabolism: A Meta-analysis

Author: Rupesh Raina, MD, Kush Doshi, Sidharth Sethi, MD, Bryce Pember, Rohan Kumar, Khalid A. Alhasan, MD, Mitchell C. Boshkos, MD, Abhishek Tibrewal, MD, and Jirair K. Bedoyan, MD, PhD
Subjects: Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology, RC870-923
Published: 2024
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5. Tubular mitochondrial pyruvate carrier disruption elicits redox adaptations that protect from acute kidney injury

Author: Adam J. Rauckhorst, Gabriela Vasquez Martinez, Gabriel Mayoral Andrade, Hsiang Wen, Ji Young Kim, Aaron Simoni, Claudia Robles-Planells, Kranti A. Mapuskar, Prerna Rastogi, Emily J. Steinbach, Michael L. McCormick, Bryan G. Allen, Navjot S. Pabla, Ashley R. Jackson, Mitchell C. Coleman, Douglas R. Spitz, Eric B. Taylor, and Diana Zepeda-Orozco
Subjects: Acute kidney injury, Hormesis, Metabolomics, Mitochondrial metabolism, Oxidative stress, Internal medicine, RC31-1245
Abstract: Objective: Energy-intensive kidney reabsorption processes essential for normal whole-body function are maintained by tubular epithelial cell metabolism. Although tubular metabolism changes markedly following acute kidney injury (AKI), it remains unclear which metabolic alterations are beneficial or detrimental. By analyzing large-scale, publicly available datasets, we observed that AKI consistently leads to downregulation of the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC). This investigation aimed to understand the contribution of the tubular MPC to kidney function, metabolism, and acute injury severity. Methods: We generated tubular epithelial cell-specific Mpc1 knockout (MPC TubKO) mice and employed renal function tests, in vivo renal 13C-glucose tracing, mechanistic enzyme activity assays, and tests of injury and survival in an established rhabdomyolysis model of AKI. Results: MPC TubKO mice retained normal kidney function, displayed unchanged markers of kidney injury, but exhibited coordinately increased enzyme activities of the pentose phosphate pathway and the glutathione and thioredoxin oxidant defense systems. Following rhabdomyolysis-induced AKI, compared to WT control mice, MPC TubKO mice showed increased glycolysis, decreased kidney injury and oxidative stress markers, and strikingly increased survival. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that decreased renal tubular mitochondrial pyruvate uptake hormetically upregulates oxidant defense systems before AKI and is a beneficial adaptive response after rhabdomyolysis-induced AKI. This raises the possibility of therapeutically modulating the MPC to attenuate AKI severity.
Published: 2024
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6. Sex-specific effects of in vitro culture and embryo transfer on cardiac growth in sheep offspring

Author: Monalisa Padhee, Mitchell C. Lock, I. Caroline McMillen, Song Zhang, Kimberley J. Botting, Jens R. Nyengaard, Severence M. MacLaughlin, David O. Kleemann, Simon K. Walker, Jennifer M. Kelly, Skye R. Rudiger, and Janna L. Morrison
Subjects: Assisted reproductive technologies, In vitro embryo culture, Cardiac, Hypertrophy, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract: Embryo culture with and without human serum supplementation, previously common practice in assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs), have been associated with increased heart weight in early and late gestation in the sheep fetus. The present study aimed to determine whether the effects of embryo culture and transfer on cardiac growth and associated signalling pathways persist after birth. Embryos were either transferred to an intermediate ewe (ET) or cultured in vitro in the absence (IVC) or presence of human serum (IVCHS) and with methionine supplementation (IVCHS+M) for 6 days after mating. Naturally mated (NM) ewes were used as controls. There was an increase in the number of cardiomyocytes in the left ventricle of IVC and IVCHS+M compared to IVCHS lambs, but only in males. There were no differences in birth weight, body weight, relative heart weight, left ventricular weight, signalling molecules involved in hypertrophy, apoptosis or fibrosis at 6 months of age between the treatment groups. However, there was increased protein abundance of signalling molecules involved in ribosomal biogenesis, in male offspring from the IVC and IVCHS+M groups compared to the IVCHS group. In conclusion, the composition of the culture media used for in vitro embryo culture altered the abundance of proteins involved in ribosomal biogenesis as well as cardiomyocyte endowment in a sex specific manner. Our data suggest that male embryos cultured in the presence of human serum leads to molecular and structural changes that may detrimentally impact cardiovascular health across the life-course.
Published: 2023
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7. Harvest of All-Soft Tissue Quadriceps Tendon Autograft for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction With or Without Closure of Resulting Defect Has No Effect on Patellar Height

Author: Mitchell C. Parker, B.S., Sarah D. Lang, M.E.d, A.T.C., Harrison Lakehomer, M.D., Steve O’Neil, M.D., Timothy S. Crall, M.D., and Brian B. Gilmer, M.D.
Subjects: Sports medicine, RC1200-1245
Abstract: Purpose: To evaluate the radiographic effect of quadriceps tendon harvest on patellar height and to determine whether closure of a quadriceps graft harvest defect resulted in a significant change in patellar height compared to nonclosure. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of prospectively enrolled patients. The institutional database was queried and all patients who underwent quadriceps autograft anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction between 2015 and March 2020 were included. Graft harvest length in millimeters and final graft diameter after preparation for implantation were obtained from the operative record and demographic data were obtained from the medical record. Radiographic analysis was performed of eligible patients using standard ratios of patellar height: Insall–Salvati (IS), Blackburn–Peele (BP), and Caton–Deschamps (CD). Measurements were performed using digital calipers on a digital imaging system by 2 postgraduate fellow surgeons. Preoperative and postoperative radiographs were performed at 0° according to a standard protocol. Postoperative radiographs were performed 6 weeks postoperatively in all cases. Preoperative patellar height ratios were compared with postoperative patellar height ratios for all patients using t-tests. Subanalysis was then performed to compare the effect of closure of with nonclosure on patellar height ratios using repeated-measures analysis of variance. Interrater reliability between the 2 reviewers was assessed using an intraclass correlation coefficient calculation. Results: In total, 70 patients met final inclusion criteria. There were no statistically significant changes from pre- to postoperative values for either reviewer for IS (reviewer 1, P = .47; reviewer 2, P = .353), BP (reviewer 1, P = .98; reviewer 2, P = .907), or CD (reviewer 1, P = .107; reviewer, 2 P = .188). The closure and nonclosure groups were adequately powered and no statistically significant demographic differences between the closure and nonclosure groups was identified for sex (P = .066), age (P = .343), weight (P = .881), height (P = .42), laterality (P = 1), meniscal repair (P = .332), graft diameter (P = .068), or graft length (P = .183). According to the repeated measures analysis of variance, closure of the quadriceps defect had no significant impact on any of the knee ratios. However, reviewer identity had a significant influence on the CD ratio. Intraclass correlation coefficient analysis revealed excellent agreement between reviewers for the IS (0.982) and BP (0.954) ratios, but only moderate-to-good agreement for the CD (0.751) ratio. Conclusions: Harvest of quadriceps tendon graft does not result in radiographic changes in patellar height. Furthermore, closure of the quadriceps defect does not appear to result in radiographic changes in patellar height. Level of Evidence: III, retrospective comparative trial.
Published: 2023
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8. Oxidative stress and impaired insulin secretion in cystic fibrosis pig pancreas

Author: Yunxia O'Malley, Mitchell C. Coleman, Xingshen Sun, Junying Lei, Jianrong Yao, Casey F. Pulliam, Paige Kluz, Michael L. McCormick, Yaling Yi, Yumi Imai, John F. Engelhardt, Andrew W. Norris, Douglas R. Spitz, and Aliye Uc
Subjects: Oxidative stress, Pancreas, Cystic fibrosis, Islet cells, Glutathione, Superoxide, Biochemistry, QD415-436
Abstract: Cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD) is one the most common comorbidities in cystic fibrosis (CF). Pancreatic oxidative stress has been postulated in the pathogenesis of CFRD, but no studies have been done to show an association. The main obstacle is the lack of suitable animal models and no immediate availability of pancreas tissue in humans. In the CF porcine model, we found increased pancreatic total glutathione (GSH), glutathione disulfide (GSSG), 3-nitrotyrosine- and 4-hydroxynonenal-modified proteins, and decreased copper zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) activity, all indicative of oxidative stress. CF pig pancreas demonstrated increased DHE oxidation (as a surrogate marker of superoxide) in situ compared to non-CF and this was inhibited by a SOD-mimetic (GC4401). Catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities were not different between CF and non-CF pancreas. Isolated CF pig islets had significantly increased DHE oxidation, peroxide production, reduced insulin secretion in response to high glucose and diminished secretory index compared to non-CF islets. Acute treatment with apocynin or an SOD mimetic failed to restore insulin secretion. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that CF pig pancreas is under significant oxidative stress as a result of increased O2●− and peroxides combined with reduced antioxidant defenses against reactive oxygen species (ROS). We speculate that insulin secretory defects in CF may be due to oxidative stress.
Published: 2022
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9. Persistent increase in mitochondrial superoxide mediates cisplatin-induced chronic kidney disease

Author: Kranti A. Mapuskar, Hsiang Wen, Danniele G. Holanda, Prerna Rastogi, Emily Steinbach, Rachel Han, Mitchell C. Coleman, Massimo Attanasio, Dennis P. Riley, Douglas R. Spitz, Bryan G. Allen, and Diana Zepeda-Orozco
Subjects: Medicine (General), R5-920, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: Severe and recurrent cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) as part of standard cancer therapy is a known risk factor for development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The specific role of superoxide (O2•-)-mediated disruption of mitochondrial oxidative metabolism in CKD after cisplatin treatment is unexplored. Cisplatin is typically administered in weekly or tri-weekly cycles as part of standard cancer therapy. To investigate the role of O2•- in predisposing patients to future renal injury and in CKD, mice were treated with cisplatin and a mitochondrial-specific, superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetic, GC4419. Renal function, biomarkers of oxidative stress, mitochondrial oxidative metabolism, and kidney injury markers, as well as renal histology, were assessed to evaluate the cellular changes that occur one week and one month (CKD phase) after the cisplatin insult. Cisplatin treatment resulted in persistent upregulation of kidney injury markers, increased steady-state levels of O2•-, increased O2•--mediated renal tubules damage, and upregulation of mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) complex I activity both one week and one month following cisplatin treatment. Treatment with a novel, clinically relevant, small-molecule superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetic, GC4419, restored mitochondrial ETC complex I activity to control levels without affecting complexes II–IV activity, as well as ameliorated cisplatin-induced kidney injury. These data support the hypothesis that increased mitochondrial O2•- following cisplatin administration, as a result of disruptions of mitochondrial metabolism, may be an important contributor to both AKI and CKD progression. Keywords: Cisplatin, Kidney injury, Mitochondrial metabolism, Superoxide, Superoxide dismutase mimetic
Published: 2019
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10. Fetal hemodynamics and cardiac streaming assessed by 4D flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance in fetal sheep

Author: Eric M. Schrauben, Brahmdeep Singh Saini, Jack R. T. Darby, Jia Yin Soo, Mitchell C. Lock, Elaine Stirrat, Greg Stortz, John G. Sled, Janna L. Morrison, Mike Seed, and Christopher K. Macgowan
Subjects: Fetal, Cardiac, Hemodynamics, 4D flow CMR, Cardiovascular magnetic resonance, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract: Abstract Background To date it has not been possible to obtain a comprehensive 3D assessment of fetal hemodynamics because of the technical challenges inherent in imaging small cardiac structures, movement of the fetus during data acquisition, and the difficulty of fusing data from multiple cardiac cycles when a cardiac gating signal is absent. Here we propose the combination of volumetric velocity-sensitive cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (“4D flow” CMR) and a specialized animal preparation (catheters to monitor fetal heart rate, anesthesia to immobilize mother and fetus) to examine fetal sheep cardiac hemodynamics in utero. Methods Ten pregnant Merino sheep underwent surgery to implant arterial catheters in the target fetuses. Anesthetized ewes underwent 4D flow CMR with acquisition at 3 T for fetal whole-heart coverage with 1.2–1.5 mm spatial resolution and 45–62 ms temporal resolution. Flow was measured in the heart and major vessels, and particle traces were used to visualize circulatory patterns in fetal cardiovascular shunts. Conservation of mass was used to test internal 4D flow consistency, and comparison to standard 2D phase contrast (PC) CMR was performed for validation. Results Streaming of blood from the ductus venosus through the foramen ovale was visualized. Flow waveforms in the major thoracic vessels and shunts displayed normal arterial and venous patterns. Combined ventricular output (CVO) was 546 mL/min per kg, and the distribution of flows (%CVO) were comparable to values obtained using other methods. Internal 4D flow consistency across 23 measurement locations was established with differences of 14.2 ± 12.1%. Compared with 2D PC CMR, 4D flow showed a strong correlation (R2 = 0.85) but underestimated flow (bias = − 21.88 mL/min per kg, p
Published: 2019
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11. Cover crops and drought: Maize ecophysiology and yield dataset

Author: Mitchell C. Hunter, Armen R. Kemanian, and David A. Mortensen
Subjects: Cover crop, Maize, Drought, Rain exclusion, Ecophysiology, Organic agriculture, Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7, Science (General), Q1-390
Abstract: This dataset supports the research paper “Cover crop effects on maize drought stress and yield” by Hunter et al. [1]. Data is provided on ecophysiological and yield measurements of maize grown following five functionally diverse cover crop treatments. The experiment was conducted in Pennsylvania, USA from 2013–2015 with organic management. Cover crops were planted in August after winter wheat harvest. Cover crops were terminated in late May of the following year, manure was applied, and both were incorporated with full inversion tillage prior to planting maize. The five cover crop treatments included a tilled fallow control, medium red clover, cereal rye, forage radish, and a 3-species mixture of medium red clover, cereal rye, and Austrian winter pea. Drought was imposed with rain exclusion shelters starting in early July. Results are provided for two subplots per cover crop treatment representing ambient and drought conditions. The dataset includes: 1) soil moisture in spring and during the maize growing season; 2) maize height, leaf chlorophyll content, leaf area index, stomatal conductance, and pre-dawn leaf xylem water potential; 3) maize yield and yield components including kernel biomass, total biomass, harvest index, number of plants per subplot, ears per plant, kernel mass, and kernel number per ear, per plant, and per subplot; 4) modeled season-long radiation interception and radiation use efficiency of biomass production; and 5) maize rooting density by depth in one year only. Data was collected in the field and lab using ecophysiological instruments (e.g., SPAD meter, ceptometer, porometer, and pressure chamber). Biomass samples were taken to determine yield. Data presented have been averaged to the subplot level (ambient and drought). This dataset can inform future research focused on using cover crops and other cultural practices to improve climate adaptation in cropping systems and also may be useful for meta-analyses.
Published: 2021
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12. Feasibility of detecting myocardial infarction in the sheep fetus using late gadolinium enhancement CMR imaging

Author: An Qi Duan, Mitchell C. Lock, Sunthara Rajan Perumal, Jack R. Darby, Jia Yin Soo, Joseph B. Selvanayagam, Christopher K. Macgowan, Mike Seed, and Janna L. Morrison
Subjects: Cardiovascular magnetic resonance, LGE CMR, Myocardial infarction, Fetal sheep model, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract: Abstract Background Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging has enabled the accurate assessment of myocardial infarction (MI). However, LGE CMR has not been performed successfully in the fetus, where it could be useful for animal studies of interventions to promote cardiac regeneration. We believe that LGE imaging could allow us to document the presence, extent and effect of MI in utero and would thereby expand our capacity for conducting fetal sheep MI research. We therefore aimed to investigate the feasibility of using LGE to detect MI in sheep fetuses. Methods Six sheep fetuses underwent a thoracotomy and ligation of a left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery branch; while two fetuses underwent a sham surgery. LGE CMR was performed in a subset of fetuses immediately after the surgery and three days later. Early gadolinium enhancement (EGE) CMR was also performed in a subset of fetuses on both days. Cine imaging of the heart was performed to measure ventricular function. Results The imaging performed immediately after LAD ligation revealed no evidence of infarct on LGE (n=3). Two of four infarcted fetuses (50%) showed hypoenhancement at the infarct site on the EGE images. Three days after the ligation, LGE images revealed a clear, hyper-enhanced infarct zone in four of the five infarcted fetuses (80%). No hyper-enhanced infarct zone was seen on the one sham fetus that underwent LGE CMR. No hypoenhancement could be seen in the EGE images in either the sham (n=1) or the infarcted fetus (n=1). No regional wall motion abnormalities were apparent in two of the five infarcted fetuses. Conclusion LGE CMR detected the MI three days after LAD ligation, but not immediately after. Using available methods, EGE imaging was less useful for detecting deficits in perfusion. Our study provides evidence for the ability of a non-invasive tool to monitor the progression of cardiac repair and damage in fetuses with MI. However, further investigation into the optimal timing of LGE and EGE scans and improvement of the sequences should be pursued with the aim of expanding our capacity to monitor cardiac regeneration after MI in fetal sheep.
Published: 2017
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13. Maintenance of mitochondrial genomic integrity in the absence of manganese superoxide dismutase in mouse liver hepatocytes

Author: Anthony R. Cyr, Kyle E. Brown, Michael L. McCormick, Mitchell C. Coleman, Adam J. Case, George S. Watts, Bernard W. Futscher, Douglas R. Spitz, and Frederick E. Domann
Subjects: SOD, Superoxide, Liver, Mitochondrial DNA, Redox compensation, Medicine (General), R5-920, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: Manganese superoxide dismutase, encoded by the Sod2 gene, is a ubiquitously expressed mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme that is essential for mammalian life. Mice born with constitutive genetic knockout of Sod2 do not survive the neonatal stage, which renders the longitudinal study of the biochemical and metabolic effects of Sod2 loss difficult. However, multiple studies have demonstrated that tissue-specific knockout of Sod2 in murine liver yields no observable gross pathology or injury to the mouse. We hypothesized that Sod2 loss may have sub-pathologic effects on liver biology, including the acquisition of reactive oxygen species-mediated mitochondrial DNA mutations. To evaluate this, we established and verified a hepatocyte-specific knockout of Sod2 in C57/B6 mice using Cre-LoxP recombination technology. We utilized deep sequencing to identify possible mutations in Sod2−/− mitochondrial DNA as compared to wt, and both RT-PCR and traditional biochemical assays to evaluate baseline differences in redox-sensitive pathways in Sod2−/− hepatocytes. Surprisingly, no mutations in Sod2−/− mitochondrial DNA were detected despite measurable increases in dihydroethidium staining in situ and concomitant decreases in complex II activity indicative of elevated superoxide in the Sod2−/− hepatocytes. In contrast, numerous compensatory alterations in gene expression were identified that suggest hepatocytes have a remarkable capacity to adapt and overcome the loss of Sod2 through transcriptional means. Taken together, these results suggest that murine hepatocytes have a large reserve capacity to cope with the presence of additional mitochondrial reactive oxygen species.
Published: 2013
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14. Contributors

Author: Abbas, Abbas E., primary, Adams, David B., additional, Aggarwal, Piyush, additional, Ahmed, Bestoun H., additional, Albanese, Craig, additional, Albert, Matthew R., additional, Ali, Abubaker, additional, Alicuben, Evan, additional, Allaix, Marco E., additional, Altman, Ashley, additional, Ando, Hisami, additional, Andolfi, Ciro, additional, Annamalai, Alagappan, additional, Asare, Elliot A., additional, Asti, Emanuele, additional, Auchincloss, Hugh G., additional, Babic, Benjamin, additional, Baker, Talia B., additional, Ball, Chad G., additional, Barbetta, Arianna, additional, Barlow, John M., additional, Barr, Justin, additional, Barreto, Juan Camilo, additional, Barry, Linda, additional, Beal, Eliza W., additional, Beard, Kristin Wilson, additional, Beck, David E., additional, Behrns, Kevin E., additional, Bellevue, Oliver C., additional, Bellorin-Marin, Omar E., additional, Bergman, Jacques, additional, Berry, James, additional, Besselink, Marc G.H., additional, Bharucha, Adil E., additional, Bilchik, Anton J., additional, Bildzukewicz, Nikolai A., additional, Bingham, Jason, additional, Birnbaum, Elisa, additional, Black, Sylvester M., additional, Blackmon, Shanda H., additional, Bleier, Joshua I.S., additional, Bodzin, Adam S., additional, Boland, C. Richard, additional, Bolton, John, additional, Bolton, Nathan, additional, Bonavina, Luigi, additional, Bonds, Morgan, additional, Bouwense, Stefan A.W., additional, Boys, Joshua A., additional, Bravo-Infante, Raquel, additional, Bremner, Ross M., additional, Brenner, Bruce M., additional, Brown, Shaun R., additional, Callery, Mark P., additional, Cameron, John L., additional, Camilleri, Michael, additional, Campbell, Jacob, additional, Cassim, Riaz, additional, Castillo-Angeles, Manuel, additional, Cauley, Christy, additional, Cavaness, Keith M., additional, Cerfolio, Robert J., additional, Champagne, Bradley J., additional, Chandrasoma, Parakrama, additional, Chang, Alex L., additional, Chapman, Christopher G., additional, Chapman, William C., additional, Cheek, Susannah, additional, Chen, Harvey S., additional, Cho, Clifford S., additional, Choi, Eric T., additional, Choi, Eugene A., additional, Chojnacki, Karen A., additional, Choti, Michael A., additional, Christie, Ian, additional, Chua, Heidi, additional, Church, James M., additional, Cioffi, Jessica L., additional, Clark, Susannah, additional, Clavien, Pierre-Alain, additional, Cloud, Adam, additional, Colavita, Paul D., additional, Colquhoun, Steven D., additional, Conway, William, additional, Cools-Lartigue, Jonathan, additional, Coosemans, Willy, additional, Cornwell, Edward E., additional, Costantini, Mario, additional, Coyle, Yvonne, additional, Craig, Daniel A., additional, Croome, Kristopher P., additional, Cullen, Joseph J., additional, D'Andrea, Anthony P., additional, Dassopoulos, Themistocles, additional, Davila, Marta L., additional, Davila, Raquel E., additional, DeMeester, Steven R., additional, DeMeester, Tom R., additional, Dempsey, Daniel T., additional, dePrisco, Gregory, additional, Depypere, Lieven, additional, Dietz, David W., additional, Dillhoff, Mary E., additional, DiNorcia, Joseph, additional, Doane, Stephen M., additional, Dogeas, Epameinondas, additional, Dozois, Eric J., additional, Dumon, Kristoffel, additional, Dunn, Stephen P., additional, Dunst, Christy M., additional, Dussel, John N., additional, Dyer, Matthew, additional, Efron, Jonathan, additional, El-Gohary, Yousef, additional, Lakis, Mustapha El, additional, Ellison, E. Christopher, additional, Ellsmere, James, additional, Essani, Rahila, additional, Evans, Douglas B., additional, Fang, Sandy H., additional, Fasen, Geoffrey, additional, Fernando, Hiran C., additional, Ferri, Lorenzo, additional, Fichera, Alessandro, additional, Finck, Christine, additional, Fisher, Oliver M., additional, Fleshman, James W., additional, Fong, Yuman, additional, Foreman, Michael L., additional, Francone, Todd D., additional, Franko, Edward R., additional, French, Daniel, additional, Fuchs, Hans Friedrich, additional, Fuchs, Karl Hermann, additional, Funaki, Brian, additional, Funk, Geoffrey A., additional, Fusco, Joseph, additional, Gaitonde, Shrawan G., additional, Gajjar, Aakash H., additional, Garcia-Aguilar, Julio, additional, Gearhart, Susan, additional, Geller, David A., additional, Ghobadi, Comeron, additional, Gilbert, Sebastien, additional, Giles, David, additional, Gillaspie, Erin, additional, Girotti, Micah, additional, Gittes, George K., additional, Goodman, Michael D., additional, Gooszen, Hein G., additional, Gores, Gregory J., additional, Griffin, James F., additional, Griffin, S. Michael, additional, Grimm, Leander, additional, Grochola, L.F., additional, Habib, Fahim, additional, Hanks, John B., additional, Harris, James E., additional, Hartwig, Matthew G., additional, Hassan, Imran, additional, Hedrick, Traci L., additional, Hicks, Terry C., additional, Hodin, Richard, additional, Hofstetter, Wayne L., additional, Hogg, Melissa, additional, Hu, Yue-Yung, additional, Hungness, Eric S., additional, Hunt, Steven R., additional, Huseynova, Khumara, additional, Hyman, Neil H., additional, Iannitti, David A., additional, Indes, Jeffrey, additional, Jenkins, Megan, additional, Jensen, Todd, additional, Jeziorczak, Paul M., additional, Jilani, Danial, additional, Jiménez-Toscano, Marta, additional, Jobe, Blair A., additional, Johnston, Lily E., additional, Kahrilas, Peter J., additional, Kalady, Matthew F., additional, Kassira, Noor, additional, Katkhouda, Namir, additional, Katz, Philip O., additional, Keller, Deborah S., additional, Kelley, Matthew P., additional, Kennedy, Gregory D., additional, Kent, Tara Sotsky, additional, Kia, Leila, additional, Kibbe, Melina R., additional, Kim, John, additional, King, Alice, additional, Kiran, Ravi P., additional, Kirton, Orlando C., additional, Klein, Andrew, additional, Klein, Eric N., additional, Kohn, Geoffrey P., additional, Kovell, Robert Caleb, additional, Kozol, Robert, additional, Lacy, Antonio M., additional, Ladner, Daniela P., additional, Lagarde, S.M., additional, Laituri, Carrie A., additional, Landmann, Alessandra, additional, Lee, Janet T., additional, Lee, Lawrence L., additional, Leinicke, Jennifer A., additional, Lerut, Toni, additional, Levi, David M., additional, Li, Chao, additional, Liang, Yu, additional, Lichliter, Andrew H., additional, Lichliter, Warren E., additional, Lightner, Amy L., additional, Lile, Deacon J., additional, Lillemoe, Keith D., additional, Lin, Jules, additional, Lin, Shu S., additional, Lipham, John C., additional, Litle, Virginia R., additional, Lodhia, Nayna A., additional, Longo, Walter E., additional, Lord, Reginald V.N., additional, Louie, Brian E., additional, Low, Donald E., additional, Lowe, Val J., additional, Luc, Jessica G.Y., additional, Luketich, James D., additional, Ma, Yanling, additional, MacCarty, Robert L., additional, MacDonald, Blair, additional, Madoff, Robert D., additional, Magge, Deepa, additional, Maheshwari, Anurag, additional, Mahmoud, Najjia N., additional, Mahvi, David A., additional, Mahvi, David M., additional, Mak, Grace Z., additional, Mansfield, Sara A., additional, Manzano, Maricarmen, additional, Maron, David J., additional, Mathew, Melvy S., additional, Mathis, Kellie L., additional, Matthews, Jeffrey B., additional, McFadden, David W., additional, Merchea, Amit, additional, Messaris, Evangelos, additional, Miller, Daniel L., additional, Miller, Heidi J., additional, Millis, J. Michael, additional, Mittal, Sumeet K., additional, Molena, Daniela, additional, Montgomery, Stephanie C., additional, Moore, Ryan, additional, Morgan, Katherine A., additional, Mortenson, Melinda M., additional, Mulholland, Michael W., additional, Mulvihill, Michael S., additional, Mutch, Matthew, additional, Nafteux, Philippe Robert, additional, Nagaraju, Arun, additional, Nagorney, David M., additional, Nathan, Hari, additional, Natoli, Karen R., additional, Navuluri, Rakesh, additional, Nissen, Nicholas N., additional, Nobel, Tamar B., additional, Noordman, B.J., additional, Norton, Jeffrey A., additional, Novitsky, Yuri W., additional, Nussbaum, Michael S., additional, Nyberg, Scott L., additional, Oelschlager, Brant K., additional, Oh, Daniel S., additional, Otero-Piñeiro, Ana, additional, Oto, Aytekin, additional, Pachter, H. Leon, additional, Paidas, Charles N., additional, Palazzo, Francesco, additional, Paniccia, Alessandro, additional, Papaconstantinou, Harry T., additional, Pappas, Theodore N., additional, Pappou, Emmanouil P., additional, Parikh, Manish, additional, Paruch, Jennifer L., additional, Patel, Asish D., additional, Patel, Mikin, additional, Patti, Marco G., additional, Paulson, Emily Carter, additional, Pawlik, Timothy M., additional, Payne, Isaac, additional, Pemberton, John H., additional, Pendola, Michael, additional, Perez, Alexander, additional, Pernar, Luise I.M., additional, Peters, Walter R., additional, Petrowsky, Henrik, additional, Peyre, Christian G., additional, Phillips, Alexander W., additional, Pillai, Lashmikumar, additional, Plummer, Joseph M., additional, Pointer, David T., additional, Poruk, Katherine E., additional, Posner, Mitchell C., additional, Postier, Russell, additional, Prachand, Vivek N., additional, Pritts, Timothy A., additional, Quatrino, Gregory, additional, Ranka, Sagar, additional, Rattner, David W., additional, Reavis, Kevin M., additional, Reddy, Vikram B., additional, Remzi, Feza H., additional, Ricciardi, Rocco, additional, Rice, Thomas W., additional, Richman, Aaron, additional, Rider, Paul, additional, Roberts, John Paul, additional, Roberts, Patricia L., additional, Roggin, Kevin K., additional, Roll, Garrett Richard, additional, Rona, Kais, additional, Rosen, Charles B., additional, Ross, Samuel Wade, additional, Roth, J. Scott, additional, Rushing, Amy P., additional, Safar, Bashar, additional, Saldinger, Pierre F., additional, Samakar, Kamran, additional, Sandhu, Kulmeet K., additional, Schaheen, Lara W., additional, Schirmer, Bruce, additional, Schneider, Andrew, additional, Schulick, Richard D., additional, Schwab, Ben, additional, Scurci, Stephanie, additional, Senagore, Anthony, additional, Shah, Adil A., additional, Shah, Shimul A., additional, Shames, Brian, additional, Shanmugan, Skandan, additional, Shapiro, David S., additional, Silviera, Matthew, additional, Slakey, Douglas P., additional, Sloan, Joshua, additional, Smallwood, Nathan, additional, Smith, Shane P., additional, Smithers, B. Mark, additional, Smoot, Rory L., additional, Soares, Kevin C., additional, Soffer, Edy, additional, Solomina, Julia, additional, Soper, Nathaniel J., additional, Spechler, Stuart Jon, additional, Sridhar, Praveen, additional, Steele, Scott R., additional, Sternbach, Joel M., additional, Stevenson, Christina E., additional, Strong, Scott A., additional, Sucandy, Iswanto, additional, Sundaram, Magesh, additional, Sundaresan, Sudhir, additional, Swanstrom, Lee L., additional, Sylla, Patricia, additional, Takada, Tadahiro, additional, Talbot, Ethan, additional, Tam, Vernissia, additional, Tamm, Eric P., additional, Tatarian, Talar, additional, Tavakkoli, Ali, additional, Te, Helen S., additional, Teitelbaum, Ezra N., additional, Ternent, Charles A., additional, Thompson, Jon S., additional, Thomson, Iain, additional, Thorson, Alan G., additional, Thorson, Chad M., additional, Totten, Crystal F., additional, Truty, Mark J., additional, Tsai, Susan, additional, Tseng, Jennifer, additional, Tullius, Tom, additional, Tzakis, Andreas G., additional, van Lanschot, J.J.B., additional, van Santvoort, Hjalmar C., additional, Van Veer, Hans, additional, Vega, Jorge A., additional, Velanovich, Vic, additional, Vogler, Sarah A., additional, Wang, Huamin, additional, Ward, Mark A., additional, Warner, Brad W., additional, Warner, Susanne G., additional, Watson, Thomas J., additional, Waxman, Irving, additional, Webster-Lake, Carissa, additional, Wei, Benjamin, additional, Weiser, Martin R., additional, Wells, Dennis, additional, Wells, Katerina, additional, Welton, Mark Lane, additional, Wen, Yuxiang, additional, Wendling, Mark R., additional, Wesson, Hadley K.H., additional, Wexner, Steven D., additional, White, Rebekah R., additional, Whitlow, Charles B., additional, Wijnhoven, B.P.L., additional, Wilkes, Justin, additional, Wilson, Rickesha L., additional, Witkowski, Piotr, additional, Wolfgang, Christopher L., additional, Worrell, Stephanie G., additional, Yang, Jian, additional, Yeo, Charles J., additional, Yeung, Ching, additional, Yung, Evan E., additional, Zafar, Syed Nabeel, additional, Zaninotto, Giovanni, additional, Zeh, Herbert, additional, Zehetner, Joerg, additional, Zenilman, Michael E., additional, Zimmerman, Pamela, additional, and Zuccaro, Gregory, additional
Published: 2019
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15. Management of Secondary Hepatic Neoplasms

Author: Barreto, Juan Camilo, primary and Posner, Mitchell C., additional
Published: 2019
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16. Ocean carbon from space: Current status and priorities for the next decade

Author: Brewin, RJW, Sathyendranath, S, Kulk, G, Rio, M-H, Concha, JA, Bell, TG, Bracher, A, Fichot, C, Frölicher, TL, Gali, M, Hansell, DA, Kostadinov, TS, Mitchell, C, Neeley, A, Organelli, E, Richardson, K, Rousseaux, C, Shen, F, Stramski, D, Tzortziou, M, Watson, AJ, Addey, CI, Bellacicco, M, Bouman, H, Carroll, D, Cetinic, I, Dall'Olmo, G, Frouin, R, Hauck, J, Hieronymi, M, et, al, Brewin, RJW, Sathyendranath, S, Kulk, G, Rio, M-H, Concha, JA, Bell, TG, Bracher, A, Fichot, C, Frölicher, TL, Gali, M, Hansell, DA, Kostadinov, TS, Mitchell, C, Neeley, A, Organelli, E, Richardson, K, Rousseaux, C, Shen, F, Stramski, D, Tzortziou, M, Watson, AJ, Addey, CI, Bellacicco, M, Bouman, H, Carroll, D, Cetinic, I, Dall'Olmo, G, Frouin, R, Hauck, J, Hieronymi, M, and et, al
Abstract: The ocean plays a central role in modulating the Earth’s carbon cycle. Monitoring how the ocean carbon cycle is changing is fundamental to managing climate change. Satellite remote sensing is currently our best tool for viewing the ocean surface globally and systematically, at high spatial and temporal resolutions, and the past few decades have seen an exponential growth in studies utilising satellite data for ocean carbon research. Satellite-based observations must be combined with in-situ observations and models, to obtain a comprehensive view of ocean carbon pools and fluxes. To help prioritise future research in this area, a workshop was organised that assembled leading experts working on the topic, from around the world, including remote-sensing scientists, field scientists and modellers, with the goal to articulate a collective view of the current status of ocean carbon research, identify gaps in knowledge, and formulate a scientific roadmap for the next decade, with an emphasis on evaluating where satellite remote sensing may contribute. A total of 449 scientists and stakeholders participated (with balanced gender representation), from North and South America, Europe, Asia, Africa, and Oceania. Sessions targeted both inorganic and organic pools of carbon in the ocean, in both dissolved and particulate form, as well as major fluxes of carbon between reservoirs (e.g., primary production) and at interfaces (e.g., air-sea and land–ocean). Extreme events, blue carbon and carbon budgeting were also key topics discussed. Emerging priorities identified include: expanding the networks and quality of in-situ observations; improved satellite retrievals; improved uncertainty quantification; improved understanding of vertical distributions; integration with models; improved techniques to bridge spatial and temporal scales of the different data sources; and improved fundamental understanding of the ocean carbon cycle, and of the interactions among pools of carbon and light
Published: 2023

17. Clinical Trial Protocol for PRIMARY2: A Multicentre, Phase 3, Randomised Controlled Trial Investigating the Additive Diagnostic Value of [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography in Men with Negative or Equivocal Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging for the Diagnosis of Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer.

Author: Buteau, JP, Moon, D, Fahey, MT, Roberts, MJ, Thompson, J, Murphy, DG, Papa, N, Mitchell, C, De Abreu Lourenco, R, Dhillon, HM, Kasivisvanathan, V, Francis, RJ, Stricker, P, Agrawal, S, O'Brien, J, McVey, A, Sharma, G, Levy, S, Ayati, N, Nguyen, A, Lee, S-F, Pattison, DA, Sivaratnam, D, Frydenberg, M, Du, Y, Titus, J, Lee, S-T, Ischia, J, Jack, G, Hofman, MS, Emmett, L, Buteau, JP, Moon, D, Fahey, MT, Roberts, MJ, Thompson, J, Murphy, DG, Papa, N, Mitchell, C, De Abreu Lourenco, R, Dhillon, HM, Kasivisvanathan, V, Francis, RJ, Stricker, P, Agrawal, S, O'Brien, J, McVey, A, Sharma, G, Levy, S, Ayati, N, Nguyen, A, Lee, S-F, Pattison, DA, Sivaratnam, D, Frydenberg, M, Du, Y, Titus, J, Lee, S-T, Ischia, J, Jack, G, Hofman, MS, and Emmett, L
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) has an established role for the diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer (sPCa). The PRIMARY trial demonstrated that [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) was associated with a significant improvement in sensitivity and negative predictive value for sPCa detection. OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate that addition of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) radioligand PET/CT will enable some men to avoid transperineal prostate biopsy without missing sPCa, and will facilitate biopsy targeting of PSMA-avid sites. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This multicentre, two-arm, phase 3, randomised controlled trial will recruit 660 participants scheduled to undergo biopsy. Eligible participants will have clinical suspicion of sPCa with a Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) score of 2 and red flags, or a PI-RADS score of 3 on mpMRI (PI-RADS v2). Participants will be randomised at a 1:1 ratio in permuted blocks stratified by centre. The trial is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT05154162. INTERVENTION: In the experimental arm, participants will undergo pelvic PSMA PET/CT. Local and central reviewers will interpret scans independently using the PRIMARY score. Participants with a positive result will undergo targeted transperineal prostate biopsies, whereas those with a negative result will undergo prostate-specific antigen monitoring alone. In the control arm, all participants undergo template transperineal prostate biopsies. Participants will be followed for subsequent clinical care for up to 2 yr after randomisation. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: sPCa is defined as Gleason score 3 + 4 (≥10%) = 7 disease (grade group 2) or higher on transperineal prostate biopsy. Avoidance of transperineal prostate biopsy will be measured at 6 mo from randomisation. The primary endpoints will be analysed on an intention-to-treat basis. CONCLUSIONS: Pat
Published: 2023

18. Max-Neef (2005) and the great transdisciplinary swindle: Lack of originality or something more worrisome?

Author: Mitchell, C and Mitchell, C
Abstract: This commentary seeks to right what is now an old wrong – to attribute Manfred Max-Neef's (2005) model of disciplinary interactions in transdisciplinarity to Erich Jantsch (1970). When I first discovered this erroneous situation, it was a startling realisation. It seemed that Manfred Max-Neef had certainly copied and possibly plagiarised Erich Jantsch. We might ask why it is that although both authors are regularly referenced together, a doctoral dissertation (Buchanan, 2016) is the sole published document pointing out this irregularity. In the process of piecing together this (hi)story, I uncovered further documents that point toward something more common and perhaps more insidious than lack of originality. Manfred Max-Neef seems to have made a choice, conscious or otherwise, to not engage with, and perhaps even to dismiss, the scholarly purpose and intent of Erich Jantsch's transdisciplinary model. Recent neurological studies suggest that although this kind of behaviour has deep biological roots, it is not unavoidable. I wonder whether dismissing another scholar's beliefs may be a more serious indictment of our shared scholarly enterprise than plagiarism. My hope is that this salutary tale sets the record a little straighter, and acts as a reflective and reflexive trigger for scholars everywhere.
Published: 2023

19. Pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm secondary to right heart catheterization during placement of a left atrial appendage closure device

Author: Luke Son, MD, Mitchell Couldwell, MS, MBA, Keshav Anand, MD, Ziga Cizman, MD, MPH, and Tyler Smith, MD
Subjects: Pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm, False aneurysm, Left atrial appendage, Atrial fibrillation, Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine, R895-920
Abstract: Pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysms are rare. We present a case of a 78-year old female who developed a pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysms causing hemoptysis after undergoing endovascular placement of a left atrial appendage occlusion device. The pulmonary arery pseudoaneurysm was treated with coil embolization.
Published: 2025
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20. A statistical, voxelised model of prostate cancer for biologically optimised radiotherapy

Author: Finnegan, RN, Reynolds, HM, Ebert, MA, Sun, Y, Holloway, L, Sykes, JR, Dowling, J, Mitchell, C, Williams, SG, Murphy, DG, Haworth, A, Finnegan, RN, Reynolds, HM, Ebert, MA, Sun, Y, Holloway, L, Sykes, JR, Dowling, J, Mitchell, C, Williams, SG, Murphy, DG, and Haworth, A
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Radiation therapy (RT) is commonly indicated for treatment of prostate cancer (PC). Biologicallyoptimised RT for PC may improve disease-free survival. This requires accurate spatial localisation and characterisation of tumour lesions. We aimed to generate a statistical, voxelised biological model to complement in vivomultiparametric MRI data to facilitate biologically-optimised RT. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ex vivo prostate MRI and histopathological imaging were acquired for 63 PC patients. These data were co-registered to derive three-dimensional distributions of graded tumour lesions and cell density. Novel registration processes were used to map these data to a common reference geometry. Voxelised statistical models of tumour probability and cell density were generated to create the PC biological atlas. Cell density models were analysed using the Kullback-Leibler divergence to compare normal vs. lognormal approximations to empirical data. RESULTS: A reference geometry was constructed using ex vivo MRI space, patient data were deformably registered using a novel anatomy-guided process. Substructure correspondence was maintained using peripheral zone definitions to address spatial variability in prostate anatomy between patients. Three distinct approaches to interpolation were designed to map contours, tumour annotations and cell density maps from histology into ex vivo MRI space. Analysis suggests a log-normal model provides a more consistent representation of cell density when compared to a linear-normal model. CONCLUSION: A biological model has been created that combines spatial distributions of tumour characteristics from a population into three-dimensional, voxelised, statistical models. This tool will be used to aid the development of biologically-optimised RT for PC patients.
Published: 2022

21. Research Protocol for an Observational Health Data Analysis on the Adverse Events of Systemic Treatment in Patients with Metastatic Hormone-sensitive Prostate Cancer: Big Data Analytics Using the PIONEER Platform

Author: Pawel Rajwa, Angelika Borkowetz, Thomas Abbott, Andrea Alberti, Anders Bjartell, James T. Brash, Riccardo Campi, Andrew Chilelli, Mitchell Conover, Niculae Constantinovici, Eleanor Davies, Bertrand De Meulder, Sherrine Eid, Mauro Gacci, Asieh Golozar, Haroon Hafeez, Samiul Haque, Ayman Hijazy, Tim Hulsen, Andreas Josefsson, Sara Khalid, Raivo Kolde, Daniel Kotik, Samu Kurki, Mark Lambrecht, Chi-Ho Leung, Julia Moreno, Rossella Nicoletti, Daan Nieboer, Marek Oja, Soundarya Palanisamy, Peter Prinsen, Christian Reich, Giulio Raffaele Resta, Maria J. Ribal, Juan Gómez Rivas, Emma Smith, Robert Snijder, Carl Steinbeisser, Frederik Vandenberghe, Philip Cornford, Susan Evans-Axelsson, James N'Dow, and Peter-Paul M. Willemse
Subjects: Prostate cancer, Metastatic, Hormone sensitive, Docetaxel, Androgen receptor signaling inhibitor, Big data, Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology, RC870-923, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract: Combination therapies in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC), which include the addition of an androgen receptor signaling inhibitor and/or docetaxel to androgen deprivation therapy, have been a game changer in the management of this disease stage. However, these therapies come with their fair share of toxicities and side effects. The goal of this observational study is to report drug-related adverse events (AEs), which are correlated with systemic combination therapies for mHSPC. Determining the optimal treatment option requires large cohorts to estimate the tolerability and AEs of these combination therapies in “real-life” patients with mHSPC, as provided in this study. We use a network of databases that includes population-based registries, electronic health records, and insurance claims, containing the overall target population and subgroups of patients defined by unique certain characteristics, demographics, and comorbidities, to compute the incidence of common AEs associated with systemic therapies in the setting of mHSPC. These data sources are standardised using the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership Common Data Model. We perform the descriptive statistics as well as calculate the AE incidence rate separately for each treatment group, stratified by age groups and index year. The time until the first event is estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method within each age group. In the case of episodic events, the anticipated mean cumulative counts of events are calculated. Our study will allow clinicians to tailor optimal therapies for mHSPC patients, and they will serve as a basis for comparative method studies.
Published: 2024
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22. Persistent increase in mitochondrial superoxide mediates cisplatin-induced chronic kidney disease

Author: Bryan G. Allen, Diana Zepeda-Orozco, Dennis P. Riley, Prerna Rastogi, Rachel Han, Hsiang Wen, Mitchell C. Coleman, Danniele G. Holanda, Douglas R. Spitz, Massimo Attanasio, Kranti A. Mapuskar, and Emily J. Steinbach
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, Biopsy, Clinical Biochemistry, Pharmacology, medicine.disease_cause, urologic and male genital diseases, Biochemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Superoxides, lcsh:QH301-705.5, lcsh:R5-920, biology, Superoxide, Biological Mimicry, Acute kidney injury, Acute Kidney Injury, 3. Good health, Mitochondria, Kidney injury, lcsh:Medicine (General), Oxidation-Reduction, medicine.drug, Research Paper, Renal function, Models, Biological, Superoxide dismutase, 03 medical and health sciences, Downregulation and upregulation, Superoxide dismutase mimetic, medicine, Animals, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic, Cisplatin, business.industry, Superoxide Dismutase, Organic Chemistry, medicine.disease, Oxidative Stress, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, lcsh:Biology (General), Mitochondrial metabolism, biology.protein, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Oxidative stress, Kidney disease
Abstract: Severe and recurrent cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) as part of standard cancer therapy is a known risk factor for development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The specific role of superoxide (O2•-)-mediated disruption of mitochondrial oxidative metabolism in CKD after cisplatin treatment is unexplored. Cisplatin is typically administered in weekly or tri-weekly cycles as part of standard cancer therapy. To investigate the role of O2•- in predisposing patients to future renal injury and in CKD, mice were treated with cisplatin and a mitochondrial-specific, superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetic, GC4419. Renal function, biomarkers of oxidative stress, mitochondrial oxidative metabolism, and kidney injury markers, as well as renal histology, were assessed to evaluate the cellular changes that occur one week and one month (CKD phase) after the cisplatin insult. Cisplatin treatment resulted in persistent upregulation of kidney injury markers, increased steady-state levels of O2•-, increased O2•--mediated renal tubules damage, and upregulation of mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) complex I activity both one week and one month following cisplatin treatment. Treatment with a novel, clinically relevant, small-molecule superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetic, GC4419, restored mitochondrial ETC complex I activity to control levels without affecting complexes II–IV activity, as well as ameliorated cisplatin-induced kidney injury. These data support the hypothesis that increased mitochondrial O2•- following cisplatin administration, as a result of disruptions of mitochondrial metabolism, may be an important contributor to both AKI and CKD progression., Graphical abstract Scheme for potential disruption in ETC chain activity leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and increased levels of superoxide (O2•-).fx1, Highlights • Cisplatin-induced AKI and CKD have a negative impact in long-term renal function. • Cisplatin-induced CKD disrupts mitochondrial metabolism and increases O2•- levels. • SOD mimetic, GC4419 mitigates renal damage and mitochondrial metabolism disruptions.
Published: 2019

23. Conceptualising transdisciplinary integration as a multidimensional interactive process

Author: Pohl, C, Klein, JT, Hoffmann, S, Mitchell, C, Fam, D, Pohl, C, Klein, JT, Hoffmann, S, Mitchell, C, and Fam, D
Abstract: Integration is a key process in transdisciplinary research and knowledge co-production. Nonetheless, it is often used as a buzzword without specifying what exactly it means or what actually happens during integration. We propose conceptualizing integration as a multidimensional interactive process. We characterize it as an open-ended learning process without pre-determined outcomes. Integration designates relations established throughout a transdisciplinary research process between elements that were not previously related. Those elements are participants in the process and their thought-styles and thought-collectives and more specifically pieces of knowledge, ideas, or practices from different thought-collectives as well as views of individual researchers and practitioners. Integration can happen at manifold instances of a transdisciplinary research process. It can take place among two, several, or all participants and can be one-sided or mutual. It might include insights, practices, frameworks, or concepts shared by two, several, or all participants. Consensus is only one along with other ways of retaining plurality of thought-styles and seeing integration as a balance between them that remains subject to continuous revision. To analyse or achieve effective integration, further dimensions beyond the cognitive have to be taken into account including at least an emotional and a social-interactional dimension.
Published: 2021

24. Cancer of the Esophagus

Author: David H. Ilson, Bruce D. Minsky, and Mitchell C. Posner
Subjects: Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, Chemotherapy, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Incidence (epidemiology), Cancer, Disease, Immunotherapy, Esophageal cancer, medicine.disease, Dysphagia, medicine.anatomical_structure, Internal medicine, Medicine, Esophagus, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract: Esophageal cancer is an uncommon cancer in the U.S., although the incidence of adenocarcinomas of the lower esophagus and gastroesophageal junction has steadily increased since the 1970s. Globally, esophageal cancer (mostly squamous cell carcinomas) is endemic in parts of the world, such as East Asia. In this chapter, we discuss validated pre-, peri- and post-operative strategies for locally advanced disease, which include chemotherapy and/or chemoradiation. We discuss surgical techniques for operable tumors and systemic therapy options for metastatic disease, including chemotherapy, targeted therapies and immunotherapy. Finally, we also focus on treatments to palliate dysphagia from obstructing tumors.
Published: 2020

25. Pancreatic Disorders

Author: Sokolosky, Mitchell C., primary
Published: 2013
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26. Management of Secondary Hepatic Neoplasms

Author: Barreto Andrade, Juan Camilo, primary, Posner, Mitchell C., additional, and Roggin, Kevin K., additional
Published: 2013
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27. Contributors

Author: Abbott, Andrea M., primary, Abcarian, Herand, additional, Abu-Jaish, Wasef, additional, Adams, David B., additional, Adams, Julie E., additional, Akman, Andrew S., additional, Alberts, Steven R., additional, Ando, Hisami, additional, Armstrong, Leonard, additional, Asamoah, Vivian A., additional, Asgeirsson, Theodor, additional, Ashley, Stanley W., additional, Avgerinos, Dimitrios, additional, Bailey, H. Randolph, additional, Bakhtawar, Humayun, additional, Bandla, Santhoshi, additional, Barlow, John M., additional, Baron, Todd H., additional, Andrade, Juan Camilo Barreto, additional, Bathla, Lokesh, additional, Beaty, Jennifer S., additional, Beck, David E., additional, Beddy, David, additional, Beekley, Alec C., additional, Behrns, Kevin E., additional, Ben-David, Kfir, additional, Bergman, Jacques, additional, Besselink, Marc, additional, Bharucha, Adil E., additional, Billeter, Adrian, additional, Black, Sylvester M., additional, Blatnik, Jeffrey A., additional, Bleday, Ronald, additional, Boland, Brendan J., additional, Boley, Scott J., additional, Bonavina, Luigi, additional, Bonin, Eduardo A., additional, Boostrom, Sarah Y., additional, Bower, Thomas C., additional, Brabender, Jan, additional, Brock, Malcolm V., additional, Buckley, Jill C., additional, Bulsiewicz, William J., additional, Burgess, Adele, additional, Burjonrappa, Sathyaprasad C., additional, Caban, Angel M., additional, Call, Jason A., additional, Callery, Mark P., additional, Cameron, John L., additional, Camilleri, Michael, additional, Carne, Peter W.G., additional, Carr, Jennifer C., additional, Paulson, Emily Carter, additional, Cassim, Riaz, additional, Castell, Donald O., additional, Cataldo, Peter, additional, Cemaj, Samuel, additional, Chandrasoma, Parakrama T., additional, Chang, George J., additional, Chaudhry, Vivek, additional, Chen, Herbert, additional, Cho, Clifford S., additional, Choi, Eugene A., additional, Chojnacki, Karen, additional, Choti, Michael A., additional, Christein, John D., additional, Christensen, Donald O., additional, Chukwumah, Chike V., additional, Chun, Albert K., additional, Cima, Robert R., additional, Clark, Clancy J., additional, Clavien, Pierre-Alain, additional, Cohen, Alfred M., additional, Cohen, Jeffrey, additional, Colquhoun, Steven D., additional, Coosemans, Willy, additional, Coppa, Gene F., additional, Cornwell, Edward E., additional, Cortez, Daniel A., additional, Costantini, Mario, additional, Craig, Daniel A., additional, Crookes, Peter F., additional, Cullen, Joseph J., additional, d’Audiffret, Alexandre, additional, Decaluwé, Herbert, additional, Decker, Georges, additional, Dehn, Thomas C.B., additional, De Leyn, Paul, additional, DeMeester, Steven R., additional, DeMeester, Tom R., additional, Demirjian, Aram N., additional, DeRoss, Anthony L., additional, de Santibañes, Eduardo, additional, Donohue, John H., additional, Dozois, Eric J., additional, Dunkin, Brian J., additional, Dunn, Stephen P., additional, Dunst, Christy M., additional, Duranceau, Andre, additional, Durrani, Noreen, additional, Dutkowski, Philipp, additional, Edil, Barish H., additional, Efron, Jonathan E., additional, El-Gohary, Yousef, additional, Ellison, E. Christopher, additional, Engum, Scott A., additional, Enker, Warren E., additional, Etzioni, David A., additional, Evans, Douglas B., additional, Fazio, Victor W., additional, Felix, Edward L., additional, Fink, Aaron S., additional, Fisher, James, additional, Fitzgibbons, Robert J., additional, Fogel, Evan L., additional, Fong, Yuman, additional, Ford, Debra H., additional, Forgione, Patrick, additional, Fortune, John B., additional, Fritze, Danielle M., additional, Fuchs, Karl-Hermann, additional, Funaki, Brian, additional, Gadacz, Thomas R., additional, Galandiuk, Susan, additional, Geller, David, additional, Gittes, George K., additional, Gitzelmann, Christopher A., additional, Godfrey, Tony E., additional, Goldblatt, Matthew I., additional, Gooszen, Hein G., additional, Gores, Gregory J., additional, Govil, Yogesh, additional, Grant, Kimberly, additional, Greer, Sarah E., additional, Grosfeld, Jay L., additional, Guillem, José G., additional, Hagen, Jeffrey A., additional, Hall, Jason F., additional, Hallemeier, Christopher L., additional, Hallowell, Peter T., additional, Harper, Amy P., additional, Hatzaras, Ioannis S., additional, Haut, Elliott R., additional, Havron, William S., additional, Heitmiller, Richard F., additional, Henderson, J. Michael, additional, Herlong, H. Franklin, additional, Hines, O. Joe, additional, Hirashima, Fuyuki, additional, Hofstetter, Wayne L., additional, Hölscher, Arnulf H., additional, Hompes, Roel, additional, Hoppo, Toshitaka, additional, Huber, Philip J., additional, Hull, Tracy, additional, Hungness, Eric S., additional, Hunter, John G., additional, Huprich, James E., additional, Hussain, Hero K., additional, Hyman, Neil, additional, Irani, Jennifer L., additional, Jackson, Emily T., additional, Jacobs, Danny O., additional, Jensen, Eric H., additional, Jephcott, Catherine, additional, Jobe, Blair A., additional, Johnston, Michael, additional, Jorden, Jeffrey, additional, Joyner, Paul, additional, Julien, Lucas A., additional, Kahrilas, Peter J., additional, Kaleya, Ronald, additional, Kashef, Elika, additional, Katz, Philip, additional, Kent, Tara, additional, Khati, Nadia J., additional, King, Jonathan C., additional, Kissane, Nicole A., additional, Klein, Andrew S., additional, Klinger, Dean E., additional, Knight, Jennifer, additional, Koleilat, Issam, additional, Kozol, Robert, additional, Krantz, Seth B., additional, Ladner, Daniela, additional, Langerman, Alexander, additional, Larson, David W., additional, Law, Simon, additional, Lawler, Leo P., additional, Lazaridis, Konstantinos N., additional, Lee, Yi-Horng, additional, Lee, Yoori, additional, Lefèvre, Jérémie H., additional, Lehman, Glen A., additional, Lerut, Toni, additional, Levi, David M., additional, Lidor, Anne, additional, Liebermann-Meffert, Dorothea, additional, Lillegard, Joseph, additional, Lillemoe, Keith D., additional, Litle, Virginia R., additional, Liu, Donald C., additional, Loftus, Edward V., additional, Lopez-Viego, Miguel, additional, Lord, Reginald V.N., additional, Lowe, Val J., additional, Lurje, Georg, additional, Lyons, Calvin, additional, MacCarty, Robert L., additional, Madoff, Robert D., additional, Maheshwari, Anurag, additional, Mahmoud, Najjia N., additional, Mahvi, David M., additional, Malagó, Massimo, additional, Mannal, Patrick, additional, Marohn, Michael R., additional, Maron, David J., additional, Martz, Joseph E., additional, Mathis, Kellie L., additional, Mathisen, Douglas, additional, Matthews, Jeffrey B., additional, McCahill, Laurence E., additional, McClusky, David A., additional, McFadden, David W., additional, McHenry, Lee, additional, McMurrick, Paul J., additional, Mee, Anthony S., additional, Meilahn, John E., additional, Michelassi, Fabrizio, additional, Miller, Robert C., additional, Miller, Thomas A., additional, Millis, J. Michael, additional, Misawa, Ryosuke, additional, Mittal, Sumeet, additional, Molmenti, Ernesto P., additional, Monson, John R.T., additional, Moore, Jesse, additional, Morgan, Katherine A., additional, Morse, Christopher R., additional, Mortensen, Neil J., additional, Mortenson, Melinda M., additional, Moxon, Ruth, additional, Mulholland, Michael W., additional, Nachmany, Ido, additional, Nafteux, Philippe, additional, Nagorney, David M., additional, Nandakumar, Govind, additional, Natarajan, Bala, additional, Nelson, Heidi, additional, Nicastro, Jeffrey M., additional, Nigam, Ankesh, additional, Nissen, Nicholas N., additional, Norton, Jeffrey A., additional, Nussbaum, Michael, additional, Nyberg, Scott, additional, Öberg, Stefan, additional, Oh, Daniel S., additional, Onesti, Jill K., additional, O’Rourke, Robert W., additional, Oto, Aytekin, additional, Otterson, Mary F., additional, Ouellette, James R., additional, Paidas, Charles N., additional, Pandolfino, John E., additional, Papaconstantinou, Harry T., additional, Pappas, Theodore N., additional, Parc, Yann, additional, Parker, Susan C., additional, Patti, Marco G., additional, Pegoli, Walter, additional, Pemberton, John H., additional, Peters, Jeffrey H., additional, Pham, Thai H., additional, Pillai, Lakshmikumar, additional, Pineda, Carlos E., additional, Pitt, Henry A., additional, Ponsky, Jeffrey L., additional, Posner, Mitchell C., additional, Postier, Russel G., additional, Prabhakaran, Sangeetha, additional, Prachand, Vivek N., additional, Que, Florencia G., additional, Radtke, Arnold, additional, Rai, Rudra, additional, Rakinic, Jan, additional, Rattner, David W., additional, Raymond, Daniel P., additional, Rice, Thomas W., additional, Richardson, J. David, additional, Riegler, Martin, additional, Roberts, John Paul, additional, Roberts, Patricia L., additional, Rodeberg, David A., additional, Roggin, Kevin K., additional, Rolandelli, Rolando, additional, Roman, Sabine, additional, Rosato, Ernest L., additional, Rosen, Michael J., additional, Ross, Andrew, additional, Rushing, Amy P., additional, Sabnis, Adheesh, additional, Saclarides, Theodore J., additional, Sagar, Peter M., additional, Sakorafas, George H., additional, Saltz, Leonard B., additional, Sarin, Shawn N., additional, Sarr, Michael G., additional, Sartorelli, Kennith, additional, Savas, Jeannie F., additional, Schirmer, Bruce, additional, Schmid-Tannwald, Christine, additional, Schneider, John G., additional, Schneider, Paul M., additional, Schnelldorfer, Thomas, additional, Schoetz, David J., additional, Schoppmann, Sebastian, additional, Schröder, Wolfgang, additional, Schulick, Richard D., additional, Senagore, Anthony, additional, Sepesi, Boris, additional, Shaheen, Nicholas J., additional, Sherman, Stuart, additional, Silberstein, Irene, additional, Simmang, Clifford L., additional, Singer, George, additional, Slakey, Douglas P., additional, Smith, Jason, additional, Smith, Jessica K., additional, Snyder, Christopher W., additional, Sonnenday, Christopher J., additional, Soper, Nathaniel J., additional, Sotiropoulos, George C., additional, Spechler, Stuart Jon, additional, Stanley, Andrew, additional, Statter, Mindy B., additional, Steele, Kimberley E., additional, Steinhagen, Emily, additional, Stocchi, Luca, additional, Sudakoff, Gary, additional, Sundaram, Abhishek, additional, Sundaram, Magesh, additional, Swanström, Lee L., additional, Swartz, Daniel E., additional, Takada, Tadahiro, additional, Tamm, Eric P., additional, Tavakkolizadeh, Ali, additional, Telford, Gordon L., additional, Thacker, Julie K. Marosky, additional, Theodoropoulos, Dimitra G., additional, Thomas, Michael S., additional, Thorson, Alan G., additional, Thurston, Kristy, additional, Tichansky, David S., additional, Tomizawa, Yutaka, additional, Traverso, L. William, additional, Trus, Thadeus, additional, Tsai, Susan, additional, Tsikitis, Vassiliki Liana, additional, Tsoraides, Steven, additional, Tutuian, Radu, additional, Tzakis, Andreas G., additional, Vallböhmer, Daniel, additional, Raemdonck, Dirk Van, additional, van Santvoort, Hjalmar, additional, Venbrux, Anthony C., additional, Vickers, Selwyn M., additional, Villar, Hugo V., additional, Villegas, Leonardo, additional, Wallace, James R., additional, Wallace, William D., additional, Wang, Huamin, additional, Wang, Kenneth K., additional, Watkins, James L., additional, Watson, Thomas J., additional, Waxman, Irving, additional, Weiser, Martin R., additional, Welch, John, additional, Welton, Mark L., additional, Wexner, Steven D., additional, White, Rebekah R., additional, Wick, Elizabeth C., additional, Wilson, Alison, additional, Winslow, Emily, additional, Witkowski, Piotr, additional, Wolff, Bruce G., additional, Wolfgang, Christopher L., additional, Wong, W. Douglas, additional, Worsey, Jonathan, additional, Wright, Cameron D., additional, Yadav, Bhupender, additional, Yeo, Charles J., additional, Yeung, Trevor M., additional, Yezhelyev, Max, additional, Yoo, Kyo-Sang, additional, You, Yi-Qian Nancy, additional, Young-Fadok, Tonia M., additional, Zacherl, Johannes, additional, Zaninotto, Giovanni, additional, Zeman, Merissa N., additional, Zimmerman, Pamela, additional, and Zuccaro, Gregory, additional
Published: 2013
Full Text: View/download PDF

28. Adenocarcinoma of the Colon and Rectum

Author: Weiser, Martin R., primary, Posner, Mitchell C., additional, and Saltz, Leonard B., additional
Published: 2013
Full Text: View/download PDF

29. Contributors

Author: Abraham, Michael K., primary, Abrahamian, Fredrick M., additional, Abu Aish, Mohammed A., additional, Adams, Bruce D., additional, Adams, James G., additional, Afshar, Nima, additional, Ahn, James, additional, Aldeen, Amer Z., additional, Allegretti, Paul J., additional, Anders, Jennifer F., additional, Anderson, Jana L., additional, Andrus, Phillip, additional, Arbelaez, Christian, additional, Arbogast, Charles B., additional, Aubin, Chandra D., additional, Avegno, Jennifer, additional, Bailitz, John, additional, Baines, Patricia, additional, Bair, Aaron E., additional, Bakes, Katherine, additional, Barksdale, Aaron N., additional, Barsan, William G., additional, Barton, Erik D., additional, Bassin, Benjamin S., additional, Bates, Craig G., additional, Bayram, Jamil D., additional, Begaz, Tomer, additional, Benko, Kip, additional, Bhanot, Kavita, additional, Bhatia, Kriti, additional, Biddinger, Paul D., additional, Blomkalns, Andra L., additional, Boe, John M., additional, Bohan, J. Stephen, additional, Boniface, Keith, additional, Bontempo, Laura J., additional, Borczuk, Pierre, additional, Borg, Keith, additional, Borm, Nicholas A., additional, Bossart, Philip, additional, Osborn, Megan Boysen, additional, Brady, William J., additional, Branzetti, Jeremy B., additional, Brown, Bart S., additional, Brown, David F.M., additional, Bryant, Sean M., additional, Burton, John H., additional, Butts, Christine, additional, Byrne, Mark W., additional, Cabrera, Daniel, additional, Cannon, Robert D., additional, Caro, David A., additional, Carpenter, Christopher R., additional, Carter, Wallace A., additional, Chan, Cindy W., additional, Chan, Gar Ming, additional, Chang, Andrew K., additional, Char, Douglas M., additional, Cheema, Navneet, additional, Chng, Yi-Mei, additional, Christian, Michael R., additional, Clark, Richard F., additional, Clem, Kathleen J., additional, Colletti, James E., additional, Collings, Jamie L., additional, Colwell, Christopher B., additional, Cook, Justin, additional, Cooke, Jeremy L., additional, Cooper, Julie J., additional, Courtney, D. Mark, additional, Cumpston, Kirk L., additional, Cydulka, Rita K., additional, Daniel-Underwood, Lynda, additional, Datner, Elizabeth M., additional, Davis, Jonathan E., additional, Davis, Virgil, additional, De La Calzada-Jeanlouie, Mae F., additional, de Ramirez, Sarah Steward, additional, DeBlieux, Peter M.C., additional, Decker, Wyatt W., additional, del Castillo, Jorge, additional, Deledda, John, additional, Delgado, Eva M., additional, Delgado, M. Kit, additional, DiGeronimo, Margaret M., additional, D’Onofrio, Gail, additional, Doyle, Gerard S., additional, Dreifuss, Bradley A., additional, Druck, Jeffrey, additional, Edlow, Jonathan A., additional, Elder, Jeffrey M., additional, Engel, Kirsten G., additional, Ezenkwele, Ugo A., additional, Fulton, Jessica A., additional, Gallahue, Fiona E., additional, Garg, Manish, additional, Garmel, Gus M., additional, Geers, Ryan T., additional, Germann, Carl A., additional, Ghaemmaghami, Chris A., additional, Gibbs, Michael A., additional, Gilbert, Gregory H., additional, Gisondi, Michael A., additional, Godwin, Steven A., additional, Goldstein, Joshua N., additional, Goralnick, Eric, additional, Goyal, Deepi G., additional, Graber, Matthew N., additional, Gummin, David D., additional, Gupta, Geetika, additional, Guth, Todd A., additional, Hamedani, Azita G., additional, Hankin, Abigail D., additional, Harrison, Benjamin P., additional, Hartsell, Stephen C., additional, Hedayati, Tarlan, additional, Heffner, Alan C., additional, Heller, Diane B., additional, Hemphill, Robin R., additional, Henry, Gregory L., additional, Hern, H. Gene, additional, Heron, Sheryl L., additional, Hobgood, Cherri D., additional, Hoffmann, Beatrice, additional, Hoffman, Lance H., additional, Hopkins, Christy, additional, Horowitz, Russ, additional, Houry, Debra E., additional, Howes, David S., additional, Huff, J. Stephen, additional, Hwang, James Q., additional, Isaacs, Eric, additional, Jackson, Benjamin F., additional, Jagoda, Andy, additional, Jauch, Edward C., additional, Jones, Kerin A., additional, Jotte, Randall S., additional, Kang, Christopher S., additional, Khorasanee, Jacqueline, additional, Kiefer, Christopher S., additional, Kim, Tae Eung, additional, Kimberly, Heidi H., additional, Kippenhan, Matthew, additional, Kissoon, Niranjan, additional, Klauer, Kevin, additional, Korley, Frederick, additional, Kosowsky, Joshua M., additional, Kuehl, Karen Nolan, additional, Kunisaki, Thomas, additional, Kusin, Shana, additional, Lambert, Michael, additional, Lank, Patrick M., additional, Lareau, Erin M., additional, Lary, Sara, additional, Laurin, Erik G., additional, Ledyard, Holly K., additional, Legome, Eric L., additional, LeGros, Tracy Leigh, additional, Leone, Katrina A., additional, Levine, Matthew R., additional, Levine, Michael, additional, Liebzeit, Jason E., additional, Lin, Michelle, additional, Linscott, M. Scott, additional, Lippert, Suzanne, additional, Lissoway, John B., additional, Lockwood, Robert, additional, Long, Heather, additional, Lu, Dave W., additional, Ly, Binh T., additional, Lynch, Catherine A., additional, Madsen, Troy E., additional, Mahadevan, Swaminatha V., additional, Malik, Mamta, additional, Mallemat, Haney A., additional, Mallin, Michael P., additional, Maloney, Gerald, additional, Malouf, Nicole, additional, Manfredi, Rita A., additional, Manthey, David E., additional, Marill, Keith A., additional, Marinelli, Melissa, additional, Martinez, Joseph P., additional, Mattu, Amal, additional, McFarlin, Anna K., additional, McIntosh, Mark, additional, McNaughton, Candace D., additional, Medzon, Ron, additional, Menckhoff, Carl R., additional, Michael, Glen E., additional, Mick, Nathan W., additional, Mills, Lisa D., additional, Mills, Trevor J., additional, Monteleone, Peter P., additional, Morchi, Raveendra S., additional, Moreno-Walton, Lisa, additional, Mort, Elizabeth A., additional, Morrissey, Thomas, additional, Murphy-Lavoie, Heather, additional, Mycyk, Mark B., additional, Nadel, Eric S., additional, Nadindla, Swathi, additional, Nelson, Brian K., additional, Nelson, Lewis S., additional, Nelson, Sara W., additional, Newman, David H., additional, Nicks, Bret A., additional, Noble, Vicki E., additional, Nogar, Joshua N., additional, Norris, Robert L., additional, Norse, Ashley Booth, additional, O’Connor, Robert E., additional, O’Keefe, Kelly P., additional, Okuda, Haru, additional, Patterson, Brian W., additional, Patterson, Leigh A., additional, Paula, Richard, additional, Peabody, Joseph F., additional, Peak, David A., additional, Perret, John Nelson, additional, Perron, Andrew D., additional, Piazza, Vanessa Maria, additional, Poirier, Robert F., additional, Powell, Emilie S., additional, Promes, Susan B., additional, Quest, Tammie E., additional, Quinn, James, additional, Ranniger, Claudia, additional, Rathlev, Niels K., additional, Rhee, James W., additional, Robertson, Keri, additional, Robinson, Matthew T., additional, Rogers, Robert L., additional, Rosen, Carlo L., additional, Ross, Christopher, additional, Rudkin, Scott E., additional, Ruha, Anne-Michelle, additional, Runyon, Michael S., additional, Sadosty, Annie T., additional, Sanson, Tracy G., additional, Santanilla, Jairo I., additional, Santen, Sally A., additional, Sayan, Osman R., additional, Schmidt, Michael J., additional, Schrank, Kathleen S., additional, Schuur, Jeremiah D., additional, Schwab, Theresa, additional, Self, Wesley H., additional, Sellas, Monique I., additional, Shannon, Andrew W., additional, Sharieff, Ghazala Q., additional, Sharma, Rahul, additional, Shayne, Philip, additional, Shreves, Ashley, additional, Singh, Amandeep, additional, Slaven, Ellen M., additional, Sochor, Mark, additional, Sokolosky, Mitchell C., additional, Sperling, Jeremy D., additional, Stahmer, Sarah A., additional, Stephen, Robert L., additional, Stettler, Brian A., additional, Strehlow, Matthew, additional, Su, Mark, additional, Sudhir, Amita, additional, Sullivan, D. Matthew, additional, Tabas, Jeffrey, additional, Taira, Taku, additional, Takayesu, James K., additional, Tarabar, Asim F., additional, Thomas, Danny G., additional, Thompson, Kristine M., additional, Thompson, Trevonne M., additional, Thornton, Stephen, additional, Tran, T. Paul, additional, Ufberg, Jacob, additional, Ulrich, Andrew S., additional, Wadman, Michael C., additional, Wang, Ernest E., additional, Wang, N. Ewen, additional, Ware-McGee, Danielle M., additional, Wedmore, Ian S., additional, Wheaton, Natasha, additional, Whisenant, Beranton, additional, Wintermark, Max, additional, Winters, Michael E., additional, Wolf, Stephen J., additional, Wolfe, Richard E., additional, Wylie, Todd, additional, Yang-Kauh, Christine, additional, Young, Timothy P., additional, Zahn, Steven M., additional, Zeretzke, Cristina M., additional, Zich, David K., additional, and Zosel, Amy E., additional
Published: 2013
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30. Cutaneous Continent Urinary Diversion

Author: McKiernan, James M., primary, DeCastro, G. Joel, additional, and Benson, Mitchell C., additional
Published: 2012
Full Text: View/download PDF

31. Contributors

Author: Abouassaly, Robert, primary, Abrams, Paul, additional, Adams, Mark C., additional, Agarwal, Ashok, additional, Allaf, Mohamad E., additional, Anderson, James Kyle, additional, Andersson, Karl-Erik, additional, Angermeier, Kenneth W., additional, Antonarakis, Emmanuel S., additional, Assimos, Dean G., additional, Atala, Anthony, additional, Bägli, Darius J., additional, Barry, John Maynard, additional, Barthold, Julia Spencer, additional, Bauer, Stuart B., additional, Beard, Clair J., additional, Belldegrun, Arie S., additional, Benson, Mitchell C., additional, Benway, Brian M., additional, Berglund, Ryan Kent, additional, Berman, David M., additional, Bhayani, Sam B., additional, Bishoff, Jay Todd, additional, Blute, Michael L., additional, Borer, Joseph G., additional, Bosl, George J., additional, Brendler, Charles B., additional, Broderick, Gregory A., additional, Brooks, James D., additional, Burnett, Arthur L., additional, Cadeddu, Jeffrey A., additional, Caldamone, Anthony A., additional, Campbell, Steven C., additional, Canning, Douglas A., additional, Carducci, Michael A., additional, Carr, Michael C., additional, Carroll, Peter R., additional, Carter, Herbert Ballentine, additional, Casale, Anthony J., additional, Casale, Pasquale, additional, Catalona, William J., additional, Cespedes, R. Duane, additional, Chancellor, Michael B., additional, Chapple, Christopher R., additional, Chermansky, Christopher J., additional, Chevalier, Robert L., additional, Chow, George K., additional, Chow, Jeanne S., additional, Chung, Benjamin I., additional, Clayman, Ralph V., additional, Conlin, Michael Joseph, additional, Costabile, Raymond A., additional, Crispen, Paul L., additional, Crook, Juanita M., additional, Dahl, Douglas M., additional, D’Amico, Anthony V., additional, Davis, John W., additional, DeCastro, G. Joel, additional, Denstedt, John D., additional, DeWeese, Theodore L., additional, Diamond, David Andrew, additional, Dmochowski, Roger R., additional, Doumanian, Leo R., additional, Drake, Marcus, additional, Duffey, Branden, additional, Dugi, Daniel D., additional, Eastham, James A., additional, Eichel, Louis, additional, Eisenberger, Mario A., additional, Epstein, Jonathan I., additional, Estrada, Carlos R., additional, Fairchild, Robert L., additional, Fergany, Amr, additional, Ferrandino, Michael N., additional, Ferrari, Lynne R., additional, Finke, James H., additional, Fitzpatrick, John M., additional, Flanigan, Robert C., additional, Flechner, Stuart M., additional, Frenkl, Tara Lee, additional, Frimberger, Dominic C., additional, Fulgham, Pat F., additional, Gearhart, John P., additional, Gerber, Glenn S., additional, Gerboc, Jason L., additional, Getzenberg, Robert H., additional, Ghoneim, Islam A., additional, Gill, Inderbir S., additional, Gilligan, Timothy D., additional, Goldfarb, David A., additional, Goldstein, Marc, additional, Gomella, Leonard G., additional, Gonzalgo, Mark L., additional, Halpern, Ethan J., additional, Han, Misop, additional, Hanno, Philip M., additional, Herr, Harry W., additional, Herschorn, Sender, additional, Hsu, Thomas H.S., additional, Hurwitz, Mark, additional, Husmann, Douglas A., additional, Jarrett, Thomas W., additional, Jones, J. Stephen, additional, Jordan, Gerald H., additional, Joseph, David B., additional, Kaefer, Martin, additional, Kaouk, Jihad H., additional, Kaplan, Irving D., additional, Kavoussi, Louis R., additional, Kavoussi, Parviz K., additional, Kenney, Patrick A., additional, Khoury, Antoine E., additional, Kirby, Roger Sinclair, additional, Klein, Eric A., additional, Kobashi, Kathleen C., additional, Koch, Michael O., additional, Krieger, John N., additional, Kropp, Bradley P., additional, Kutikov, Alexander, additional, Lambert, Sarah M., additional, Lance, Raymond S., additional, Lane, Brian R., additional, Larchian, William A., additional, Lee, Richard S., additional, Lepor, Herbert, additional, Lerner, Seth P., additional, Libertino, John A., additional, Linehan, W. Marston, additional, Lingeman, James E., additional, Link, Richard Edward, additional, Litwin, Mark S., additional, Loeb, Stacy, additional, Lotan, Yair, additional, Lue, Tom F., additional, MacLellan, Dawn Lee, additional, Malkowicz, Stanley Bruce, additional, Margulis, Vitaly, additional, Mathews, Ranjiv I., additional, Matin, Surena F., additional, Matlaga, Brian R., additional, Mawhorter, Steven D., additional, McCammon, Kurt A., additional, McDougal, W. Scott, additional, McDougall, Elspeth M., additional, McKiernan, James M., additional, McMahon, Alan W., additional, McNicholas, Thomas Anthony, additional, Meeker, Alan Keith, additional, Mendelsohn, Cathy, additional, Méndez-Probst, Carlos E., additional, Meng, Maxwell V., additional, Miller, David C., additional, Milsom, Ian, additional, Monga, Manoj, additional, Montague, Drogo K., additional, Moore, Courtenay Kathryn, additional, Morales, Alvaro, additional, Morey, Allen F., additional, Morris, Michael J., additional, Mulhall, John P., additional, Nakada, Stephen Y., additional, Nelson, Joel B., additional, Nickel, J. Curtis, additional, Nitti, Victor W., additional, Novick, Andrew C., additional, Ost, Michael C., additional, Padmanabhan, Priya, additional, Palmer, Jeffrey S., additional, Palmer, Lane S., additional, Park, John M., additional, Partin, Alan W., additional, Payne, Christopher K., additional, Pearle, Margaret S., additional, Peters, Craig A., additional, Peterson, Andrew C., additional, Pettaway, Curtis A., additional, Pietrow, Paul K., additional, Pisters, Louis Leon, additional, Platz, Elizabeth A., additional, Poggio, Emilio D., additional, Pope, John C., additional, Potts, Jeannette M., additional, Preminger, Glenn M., additional, Rabets, John C., additional, Rackley, Raymond Robert, additional, Razvi, Hassan, additional, Resnick, Neil M., additional, Richstone, Lee, additional, Rink, Richard C., additional, Ritchey, Michael L., additional, Rodriguez, Ronald, additional, Roehrborn, Claus G., additional, Rovner, Eric S., additional, Sabanegh, Edmund, additional, Sagalowsky, Arthur I., additional, Santucci, Richard A., additional, Scardino, Peter T., additional, Scarpero, Harriette Miles, additional, Schaeffer, Anthony J., additional, Schaeffer, Edward M., additional, Scher, Howard I., additional, Scherr, Douglas S., additional, Schlussel, Richard N., additional, Schneck, Francis X., additional, Schwartz, Michael J., additional, Shamberger, Robert C., additional, Shapiro, Ellen, additional, Sharp, David S., additional, Sheinfeld, Joel, additional, Shortliffe, Linda Marie Dairiki, additional, Shoskes, Daniel A., additional, Sihoe, Jennifer D.Y., additional, Singh, Iqbal, additional, Skinner, Donald G., additional, Skinner, Eila C., additional, Smith, Joseph A., additional, Snodgrass, Warren T., additional, Sommer, Graham, additional, Srinivasan, Ramaprasad, additional, Steckel, Joph, additional, Stein, John P., additional, Stephenson, Andrew J., additional, Sternberg, Cora N., additional, Strandhoy, Jack W., additional, Su, Li-Ming, additional, Tadic, Stasa D., additional, Thompson, Ian M., additional, Togami, Joanna Maya, additional, Trabulsi, Edouard J., additional, Trachtman, Howard, additional, Turek, Paul J., additional, Uzzo, Robert G., additional, Vasavada, Sandip P., additional, Veltri, Robert W., additional, Vira, Manish A., additional, Walsh, Patrick C., additional, Walsh, Thomas J., additional, Wein, Alan J., additional, Weiss, Robert M., additional, Wessells, Hunter, additional, White, Wesley M., additional, Winters, Jack Christian, additional, Wolf, J. Stuart, additional, Wood, Christopher G., additional, Wood, David P., additional, Woodard, John R., additional, Wotkowicz, Chad, additional, Yalla, Subbarao V., additional, Yeung, C.K., additional, Yoshimura, Naoki, additional, and Yu, Richard N., additional
Published: 2012
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32. Biomedical/bioengineering applications of carbon nanotube-based nanocomposites

Author: Dunne, N., primary and Mitchell, C., additional
Published: 2011
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33. Contributor contact details

Author: McNally, T., primary, Pötschke, P., additional, Kaminsky, W., additional, Ruelle, B., additional, Bittencourt, C., additional, Dubois, P., additional, Yang, Y.-K., additional, Xie, X.-L., additional, Mai, Y.-W., additional, Kasaliwal, G.R., additional, Villmow, T., additional, Pegel, S., additional, Li, Y., additional, Shimizu, H., additional, Lew, C.Y., additional, Dewaghe, C., additional, Claes, M., additional, Fritzsche, J., additional, Lorenz, H., additional, Klüppel, M., additional, Das, A., additional, Jurk, R., additional, Stöckelhuber, K.W., additional, Heinrich, G., additional, Kenny, J.M., additional, Valentini, L., additional, Puglia, D., additional, Terenzi, A., additional, Alig, I., additional, Lellinger, D., additional, Skipa, T., additional, Nanni, F., additional, Valentini, M., additional, Goh, S.H., additional, Odegard, G.M., additional, Wagner, H.D., additional, Nobile, M.R., additional, Su, S.P., additional, Xu, Y.H., additional, Wilkie, C.A., additional, Morcom, M., additional, Simon, G., additional, McCrossan, K., additional, McClory, C., additional, Mayoral, B., additional, Thompson, D., additional, McConnell, D., additional, McNally, T., additional, Murphy, M., additional, Nicholson, T., additional, Martin, D., additional, Halley, P., additional, Göldel, A., additional, Minchin, R.F., additional, Belkina, M., additional, Milev, A., additional, Kamali Kannangara, G.S., additional, Deng, H., additional, Fu, Q., additional, Bilotti, E., additional, Peijs, T., additional, Dunne, N., additional, Mitchell, C., additional, Beyer, G., additional, Feller, J.-F., additional, Castro, M., additional, and Kumar, B., additional
Published: 2011
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34. The effects of supplemental dietary chitosan on broiler performance and myopathic features of white striping

Author: Jessie Lee, Yifei Shan, Angelique Wong, Elizabeth A. Brown, Mitchell Callahan, Robert A. Hernandez, and Michael J. Mienaltowski
Subjects: broiler, white striping, chitosan, pathology, Animal culture, SF1-1100
Abstract: ABSTRACT: White striping (WS) is a common myopathy seen in fast-growing broilers. Studies have demonstrated that chitosan is effective as an antioxidant and has antiobesity and fat-absorption reduction properties. We hypothesized that the dietary supplementation of chitosan would have similar effects when fed to fast-growing broilers and would thus lower WS incidence and improve meat quality. One hundred twenty-six broilers were fed corn-soy diets. The grower and finisher diets contained either 0, 0.2, or 0.4% chitosan. After a 6 wk growth period, birds were euthanized, and then WS and gross pathology scores were assessed. Pectoralis major tissues were collected to evaluate cook loss, drip loss, histopathology scores, and the gene expression of CCR7, LECT2, CD36, PPARG, and PTGS2. There were no significant differences between the broiler weights, thus chitosan did not appear to compromise the overall growth of the broilers. Female broilers fed 0.4% chitosan had the lowest WS incidence, while male broiler fed 0.4% chitosan had the least cook loss. However, gene expression analyses did not offer insight into any grossly or histologically visualized differences in the muscles. Thus, while we can postulate that chitosan could have some positive effect in reducing WS incidence and improving meat quality, further studies are required to better scrutinize the mechanisms by which chitosan affects WS and other such myopathies in fast-growing broilers.
Published: 2024
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35. Synthesis of diamine diphenyl methane (DADPM) and its higher homologues on delaminated zeolites: a challenge for a non-polluting process

Author: Botella, P., primary, Corma, A., additional, and Mitchell, C., additional
Published: 2005
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36. Management of Secondary Hepatic Neoplasms

Author: Juan Camilo Barreto and Mitchell C. Posner
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Perioperative management, Colorectal cancer, business.industry, Tumor biology, medicine.medical_treatment, medicine.disease, Systemic therapy, Targeted therapy, Hepatic neoplasms, medicine, In patient, Disseminated disease, Radiology, business
Abstract: Secondary hepatic neoplasms refer to tumors that metastasize to the liver, a spectrum that includes carcinomas, neuroendocrine cancers, sarcomas, and gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Systemic chemotherapy or targeted therapy may improve survival but rarely results in cure. Better control of disseminated disease with systemic therapy and advances in the perioperative management of patients undergoing liver surgery have expanded the eligibility to undergo surgical resection. Colorectal cancer is the most frequent secondary neoplasm in the liver. Selected patients with limited colorectal and neuroendocrine metastases represent the most common indications for resection. In patients with noncolorectal, nonneuroendocrine metastases, resection is more controversial and reserved for patients with adequate control of the primary lesion and favorable tumor biology, usually reflected in a long disease-free interval. This chapter focuses on the oncologic principles regarding secondary neoplasms and indications for resection; it also provides an overview of systemic therapy and a description of other locoregional therapies.
Published: 2019

37. Interfacing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with mass spectrometry

Author: Ogorzalek Loo, R.R., primary, Mitchell, C., additional, Stevenson, T., additional, Loo, J.A., additional, and Andrews, P.C., additional
Published: 1996
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38. A new reagent for cleaving at cystine residues

Author: Mitchell, C., primary, Hinman, L., additional, Miller, L., additional, and Andrews, P.C., additional
Published: 1995
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39. Emerging role of artificial intelligence in cardiac electrophysiology

Author: Rajesh Kabra, MD, FHRS, Sharat Israni, PhD, Bharat Vijay, MS, Chaitanya Baru, PhD, Raghuveer Mendu, BTech, Mark Fellman, BS, Arun Sridhar, MD, FHRS, Pamela Mason, MD, FHRS, Jim W. Cheung, MD, FHRS, Luigi DiBiase, MD, PhD, FHRS, Srijoy Mahapatra, MD, FHRS, Jerome Kalifa, MD, PhD, Steven A. Lubitz, MD, Peter A. Noseworthy, MD, FHRS, Rachita Navara, MD, David D. McManus, MD, FHRS, Mitchell Cohen, MD, Mina K. Chung, MD, FHRS, Natalia Trayanova, PhD, FHRS, Rakesh Gopinathannair, MD, FHRS, and Dhanunjaya Lakkireddy, MD, FHRS
Subjects: Artificial intelligence, Machine learning, Deep learning, Cardiac electrophysiology, Big data, Computational modeling, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701, Medical technology, R855-855.5
Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) have significantly impacted the field of cardiovascular medicine, especially cardiac electrophysiology (EP), on multiple fronts. The goal of this review is to familiarize readers with the field of AI and ML and their emerging role in EP. The current review is divided into 3 sections. In the first section, we discuss the definitions and basics of AI, ML, and big data. In the second section, we discuss their application to EP in the context of detection, prediction, and management of arrhythmias. Finally, we discuss the regulatory issues, challenges, and future directions of AI in EP.
Published: 2022
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40. 'I suddenly felt I'd aged': A qualitative study of patient experiences of polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR)

Author: Twohig, H., Mitchell, C., Mallen, C., Adebajo, A., and Mathers, N.
Subjects: musculoskeletal diseases, education
Abstract: To explore patient experiences of living with, and receiving treatment for, PMR.
Published: 2015

41. A radiomics-based decision support tool improves lung cancer diagnosis in combination with the Herder score in large lung nodulesResearch in context

Author: Benjamin Hunter, Mitchell Chen, Prashanthi Ratnakumar, Esubalew Alemu, Andrew Logan, Kristofer Linton-Reid, Daniel Tong, Nishanthi Senthivel, Amyn Bhamani, Susannah Bloch, Samuel V. Kemp, Laura Boddy, Sejal Jain, Shafick Gareeboo, Bhavin Rawal, Simon Doran, Neal Navani, Arjun Nair, Catey Bunce, Stan Kaye, Matthew Blackledge, Eric O. Aboagye, Anand Devaraj, and Richard W. Lee
Subjects: Lung cancer, Radiomics, Early diagnosis, Machine learning, Lung nodules, Deep learning, Medicine, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Summary: Background: Large lung nodules (≥15 mm) have the highest risk of malignancy, and may exhibit important differences in phenotypic or clinical characteristics to their smaller counterparts. Existing risk models do not stratify large nodules well. We aimed to develop and validate an integrated segmentation and classification pipeline, incorporating deep-learning and traditional radiomics, to classify large lung nodules according to cancer risk. Methods: 502 patients from five U.K. centres were recruited to the large-nodule arm of the retrospective LIBRA study between July 2020 and April 2022. 838 CT scans were used for model development, split into training and test sets (70% and 30% respectively). An nnUNet model was trained to automate lung nodule segmentation. A radiomics signature was developed to classify nodules according to malignancy risk. Performance of the radiomics model, termed the large-nodule radiomics predictive vector (LN-RPV), was compared to three radiologists and the Brock and Herder scores. Findings: 499 patients had technically evaluable scans (mean age 69 ± 11, 257 men, 242 women). In the test set of 252 scans, the nnUNet achieved a DICE score of 0.86, and the LN-RPV achieved an AUC of 0.83 (95% CI 0.77–0.88) for malignancy classification. Performance was higher than the median radiologist (AUC 0.75 [95% CI 0.70–0.81], DeLong p = 0.03). LN-RPV was robust to auto-segmentation (ICC 0.94). For baseline solid nodules in the test set (117 patients), LN-RPV had an AUC of 0.87 (95% CI 0.80–0.93) compared to 0.67 (95% CI 0.55–0.76, DeLong p = 0.002) for the Brock score and 0.83 (95% CI 0.75–0.90, DeLong p = 0.4) for the Herder score. In the international external test set (n = 151), LN-RPV maintained an AUC of 0.75 (95% CI 0.63–0.85). 18 out of 22 (82%) malignant nodules in the Herder 10–70% category in the test set were identified as high risk by the decision-support tool, and may have been referred for earlier intervention. Interpretation: The model accurately segments and classifies large lung nodules, and may improve upon existing clinical models. Funding: This project represents independent research funded by: 1) Royal Marsden Partners Cancer Alliance, 2) the Royal Marsden Cancer Charity, 3) the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust and The Institute of Cancer Research, London, 4) the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Imperial College London, 5) Cancer Research UK (C309/A31316).
Published: 2022
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42. Delayed administration of elezanumab, a human anti-RGMa neutralizing monoclonal antibody, promotes recovery following cervical spinal cord injury

Author: Andrea J. Mothe, Peer B. Jacobson, Mitchell Caprelli, Antigona Ulndreaj, Radmehr Rahemipour, Lili Huang, Philippe P. Monnier, Michael G. Fehlings, and Charles H. Tator
Subjects: RGMa, Monoclonal antibody, Elezanumab, Cervical spinal cord injury, Axonal sprouting, Regeneration, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract: Spinal cord injury (SCI) elicits a cascade of degenerative events including cell death, axonal degeneration, and the upregulation of inhibitory molecules which limit repair. Repulsive guidance molecule A (RGMa) is an axon growth inhibitor which is also involved in neuronal cell death and differentiation. SCI causes upregulation of RGMa in the injured rodent, non-human primate, and human spinal cord. Recently, we showed that delayed administration of elezanumab, a high affinity human RGMa-specific monoclonal antibody, promoted neuroprotective and regenerative effects following thoracic SCI. Since most human traumatic SCI is at the cervical level, and level-dependent anatomical and molecular differences may influence pathophysiological responses to injury and treatment, we examined the efficacy of elezanumab and its therapeutic time window of administration in a clinically relevant rat model of cervical impact-compression SCI. Pharmacokinetic analysis of plasma and spinal cord tissue lysate showed comparable levels of RGMa antibodies with delayed administration following cervical SCI. At 12w after SCI, elezanumab promoted long term benefits including perilesional sparing of motoneurons and increased neuroplasticity of key descending pathways involved in locomotion and fine motor function. Elezanumab also promoted growth of corticospinal axons into spinal cord gray matter and enhanced serotonergic innervation of the ventral horn to form synaptic connections caudal to the cervical lesion. Significant recovery in grip and trunk/core strength, locomotion and gait, and spontaneous voiding ability was found in rats treated with elezanumab either immediately post-injury or at 3 h post-SCI, and improvements in specific gait parameters were found when elezanumab was delayed to 24 h post-injury. We also developed a new locomotor score, the Cervical Locomotor Score, a simple and sensitive measure of trunk/core and limb strength and stability during dynamic locomotion.
Published: 2022
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43. Phenotypes of disease severity in a cohort of hospitalized COVID-19 patients: Results from the IMPACC study

Author: Al Ozonoff, Joanna Schaenman, Naresh Doni Jayavelu, Carly E. Milliren, Carolyn S. Calfee, Charles B. Cairns, Monica Kraft, Lindsey R. Baden, Albert C. Shaw, Florian Krammer, Harm van Bakel, Denise A. Esserman, Shanshan Liu, Ana Fernandez Sesma, Viviana Simon, David A. Hafler, Ruth R. Montgomery, Steven H. Kleinstein, Ofer Levy, Christian Bime, Elias K. Haddad, David J. Erle, Bali Pulendran, Kari C. Nadeau, Mark M. Davis, Catherine L. Hough, William B. Messer, Nelson I. Agudelo Higuita, Jordan P. Metcalf, Mark A. Atkinson, Scott C. Brakenridge, David Corry, Farrah Kheradmand, Lauren I.R. Ehrlich, Esther Melamed, Grace A. McComsey, Rafick Sekaly, Joann Diray-Arce, Bjoern Peters, Alison D. Augustine, Elaine F. Reed, Matthew C. Altman, Patrice M. Becker, Nadine Rouphael, Chris Bime, Mark M Davis, Kerry McEnaney, Brenda Barton, Claudia Lentucci, Mehmet Saluvan, Ana C. Chang, Annmarie Hoch, Marisa Albert, Tanzia Shaheen, Alvin T. Kho, Sanya Thomas, Jing Chen, Maimouna D. Murphy, Mitchell Cooney, Scott Presnell, Gabriela K. Fragiadakis, Ravi Patel, Leying Guan, Jeremy Gygi, Shrikant Pawar, Anderson Brito, Zain Khalil, Cole Maguire, Slim Fourati, James A. Overton, Randi Vita, Kerstin Westendorf, Ramin Salehi-Rad, Aleksandra Leligdowicz, Michael A. Matthay, Jonathan P. Singer, Kirsten N. Kangelaris, Carolyn M. Hendrickson, Matthew F. Krummel, Charles R. Langelier, Prescott G. Woodruff, Debra L. Powell, James N. Kim, Brent Simmons, I. Michael Goonewardene, Cecilia M. Smith, Mark Martens, Jarrod Mosier, Hiroki Kimura, Amy C. Sherman, Stephen R. Walsh, Nicolas C. Issa, Charles Dela Cruz, Shelli Farhadian, Akiko Iwasaki, Albert I. Ko, Sharon Chinthrajah, Neera Ahuja, Angela J. Rogers, Maja Artandi, Sarah A.R. Siegel, Zhengchun Lu, Douglas A. Drevets, Brent R. Brown, Matthew L. Anderson, Faheem W. Guirgis, Rama V. Thyagarajan, Justin F. Rousseau, Dennis Wylie, Johanna Busch, Saurin Gandhi, Todd A. Triplett, George Yendewa, Olivia Giddings, Evan J. Anderson, Aneesh K. Mehta, Jonathan E. Sevransky, Bernard Khor, Adeeb Rahman, Daniel Stadlbauer, Jayeeta Dutta, Hui Xie, Seunghee Kim-Schulze, Ana Silvia Gonzalez-Reiche, Adriana van de Guchte, Keith Farrugia, Zenab Khan, Holden T. Maecker, David Elashoff, Jenny Brook, Estefania Ramires-Sanchez, Megan Llamas, Adreanne Rivera, Claudia Perdomo, Dawn C. Ward, Clara E. Magyar, Jennifer A. Fulcher, Yumiko Abe-Jones, Saurabh Asthana, Alexander Beagle, Sharvari Bhide, Sidney A. Carrillo, Suzanna Chak, Rajani Ghale, Ana Gonzalez, Alejandra Jauregui, Norman Jones, Tasha Lea, Deanna Lee, Raphael Lota, Jeff Milush, Viet Nguyen, Logan Pierce, Priya A. Prasad, Arjun Rao, Bushra Samad, Cole Shaw, Austin Sigman, Pratik Sinha, Alyssa Ward, Andrew Willmore, Jenny Zhan, Sadeed Rashid, Nicklaus Rodriguez, Kevin Tang, Luz Torres Altamirano, Legna Betancourt, Cindy Curiel, Nicole Sutter, Maria Tercero Paz, Gayelan Tietje-Ulrich, Carolyn Leroux, Jennifer Connors, Mariana Bernui, Michel A. Kutzler, Carolyn Edwards, Edward Lee, Edward Lin, Brett Croen, Nicholas C. Semenza, Brandon Rogowski, Nataliya Melnyk, Kyra Woloszczuk, Gina Cusimano, Mathew R. Bell, Sara Furukawa, Renee McLin, Pamela Marrero, Julie Sheidy, George P. Tegos, Crystal Nagle, Nathan Mege, Kristen Ulring, Vicki Seyfert-Margolis, Michelle Conway, Dave Francisco, Allyson Molzahn, Heidi Erickson, Connie Cathleen Wilson, Ron Schunk, Bianca Sierra, Trina Hughes, Kinga Smolen, Michael Desjardins, Simon van Haren, Xhoi Mitre, Jessica Cauley, Xiaofang Li, Alexandra Tong, Bethany Evans, Christina Montesano, Jose Humberto Licona, Jonathan Krauss, Jun Bai Park Chang, Natalie Izaguirre, Omkar Chaudhary, Andreas Coppi, John Fournier, Subhasis Mohanty, M. Catherine Muenker, Allison Nelson, Khadir Raddassi, Michael Rainone, William E. Ruff, Syim Salahuddin, Wade L. Schulz, Pavithra Vijayakumar, Haowei Wang, Elsio Wunder Jr., H. Patrick Young, Yujiao Zhao, Miti Saksena, Deena Altman, Erna Kojic, Komal Srivastava, Lily Q. Eaker, Maria C. Bermúdez-González, Katherine F. Beach, Levy A. Sominsky, Arman R. Azad, Juan Manuel Carreño, Gagandeep Singh, Ariel Raskin, Johnstone Tcheou, Dominika Bielak, Hisaaki Kawabata, Lubbertus CF Mulder, Giulio Kleiner, Alexandra S. Lee, Evan Do Do, Andrea Fernandes, Monali Manohar, Thomas Hagan, Catherine A. Blish, Hena Naz Din, Jonasel Roque, Samuel Yang, Amanda Brunton, Peter E. Sullivan, Matthew Strnad, Zoe L. Lyski, Felicity J. Coulter, J. Leland Booth, Lauren A. Sinko, Lyle L. Moldawer, Brittany Borresen, Brittney Roth-Manning, Li-Zhen Song, Ebony Nelson, Megan Lewis-Smith, Jacob Smith, Pablo Guaman Tipan, Nadia Siles, Sam Bazzi, Janelle Geltman, Kerin Hurley, Gio Gabriele, Scott Sieg, Tatyana Vaysman, Laurel Bristow, Laila Hussaini, Kieffer Hellmeister, Hady Samaha, Andrew Cheng, Christine Spainhour, Erin M. Scherer, Brandi Johnson, Amer Bechnak, Caroline R. Ciric, Lauren Hewitt, Erin Carter, Nina Mcnair, Bernadine Panganiban, Christopher Huerta, Jacob Usher, and Susan Pereira Ribeiro
Subjects: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Viral load, Antibody, Medicine, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Summary: Background: Better understanding of the association between characteristics of patients hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and outcome is needed to further improve upon patient management. Methods: Immunophenotyping Assessment in a COVID-19 Cohort (IMPACC) is a prospective, observational study of 1164 patients from 20 hospitals across the United States. Disease severity was assessed using a 7-point ordinal scale based on degree of respiratory illness. Patients were prospectively surveyed for 1 year after discharge for post-acute sequalae of COVID-19 (PASC) through quarterly surveys. Demographics, comorbidities, radiographic findings, clinical laboratory values, SARS-CoV-2 PCR and serology were captured over a 28-day period. Multivariable logistic regression was performed. Findings: The median age was 59 years (interquartile range [IQR] 20); 711 (61%) were men; overall mortality was 14%, and 228 (20%) required invasive mechanical ventilation. Unsupervised clustering of ordinal score over time revealed distinct disease course trajectories. Risk factors associated with prolonged hospitalization or death by day 28 included age ≥ 65 years (odds ratio [OR], 2.01; 95% CI 1.28–3.17), Hispanic ethnicity (OR, 1.71; 95% CI 1.13–2.57), elevated baseline creatinine (OR 2.80; 95% CI 1.63– 4.80) or troponin (OR 1.89; 95% 1.03–3.47), baseline lymphopenia (OR 2.19; 95% CI 1.61–2.97), presence of infiltrate by chest imaging (OR 3.16; 95% CI 1.96–5.10), and high SARS-CoV2 viral load (OR 1.53; 95% CI 1.17–2.00). Fatal cases had the lowest ratio of SARS-CoV-2 antibody to viral load levels compared to other trajectories over time (p=0.001). 589 survivors (51%) completed at least one survey at follow-up with 305 (52%) having at least one symptom consistent with PASC, most commonly dyspnea (56% among symptomatic patients). Female sex was the only associated risk factor for PASC. Interpretation: Integration of PCR cycle threshold, and antibody values with demographics, comorbidities, and laboratory/radiographic findings identified risk factors for 28-day outcome severity, though only female sex was associated with PASC. Longitudinal clinical phenotyping offers important insights, and provides a framework for immunophenotyping for acute and long COVID-19. Funding: NIH.
Published: 2022
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44. Contributors

Author: Andrea M. Abbott, Herand Abcarian, Wasef Abu-Jaish, David B. Adams, Julie E. Adams, Andrew S. Akman, Steven R. Alberts, Hisami Ando, Leonard Armstrong, Vivian A. Asamoah, Theodor Asgeirsson, Stanley W. Ashley, Dimitrios Avgerinos, H. Randolph Bailey, Humayun Bakhtawar, Santhoshi Bandla, John M. Barlow, Todd H. Baron, Juan Camilo Barreto Andrade, Lokesh Bathla, Jennifer S. Beaty, David E. Beck, David Beddy, Alec C. Beekley, Kevin E. Behrns, Kfir Ben-David, Jacques Bergman, Marc Besselink, Adil E. Bharucha, Adrian Billeter, Sylvester M. Black, Jeffrey A. Blatnik, Ronald Bleday, Brendan J. Boland, Scott J. Boley, Luigi Bonavina, Eduardo A. Bonin, Sarah Y. Boostrom, Thomas C. Bower, Jan Brabender, Malcolm V. Brock, Jill C. Buckley, William J. Bulsiewicz, Adele Burgess, Sathyaprasad C. Burjonrappa, Angel M. Caban, Jason A. Call, Mark P. Callery, John L. Cameron, Michael Camilleri, Peter W.G. Carne, Jennifer C. Carr, Emily Carter Paulson, Riaz Cassim, Donald O. Castell, Peter Cataldo, Samuel Cemaj, Parakrama T. Chandrasoma, George J. Chang, Vivek Chaudhry, Herbert Chen, Clifford S. Cho, Eugene A. Choi, Karen Chojnacki, Michael A. Choti, John D. Christein, Donald O. Christensen, Chike V. Chukwumah, Albert K. Chun, Robert R. Cima, Clancy J. Clark, Pierre-Alain Clavien, Alfred M. Cohen, Jeffrey Cohen, Steven D. Colquhoun, Willy Coosemans, Gene F. Coppa, Edward E. Cornwell, Daniel A. Cortez, Mario Costantini, Daniel A. Craig, Peter F. Crookes, Joseph J. Cullen, Alexandre d’Audiffret, Herbert Decaluwé, Georges Decker, Thomas C.B. Dehn, Paul De Leyn, Steven R. DeMeester, Tom R. DeMeester, Aram N. Demirjian, Anthony L. DeRoss, Eduardo de Santibañes, John H. Donohue, Eric J. Dozois, Brian J. Dunkin, Stephen P. Dunn, Christy M. Dunst, Andre Duranceau, Noreen Durrani, Philipp Dutkowski, Barish H. Edil, Jonathan E. Efron, Yousef El-Gohary, E. Christopher Ellison, Scott A. Engum, Warren E. Enker, David A. Etzioni, Douglas B. Evans, Victor W. Fazio, Edward L. Felix, Aaron S. Fink, James Fisher, Robert J. Fitzgibbons, Evan L. Fogel, Yuman Fong, Debra H. Ford, Patrick Forgione, John B. Fortune, Danielle M. Fritze, Karl-Hermann Fuchs, Brian Funaki, Thomas R. Gadacz, Susan Galandiuk, David Geller, George K. Gittes, Christopher A. Gitzelmann, Tony E. Godfrey, Matthew I. Goldblatt, Hein G. Gooszen, Gregory J. Gores, Yogesh Govil, Kimberly Grant, Sarah E. Greer, Jay L. Grosfeld, José G. Guillem, Jeffrey A. Hagen, Jason F. Hall, Christopher L. Hallemeier, Peter T. Hallowell, Amy P. Harper, Ioannis S. Hatzaras, Elliott R. Haut, William S. Havron, Richard F. Heitmiller, J. Michael Henderson, H. Franklin Herlong, O. Joe Hines, Fuyuki Hirashima, Wayne L. Hofstetter, Arnulf H. Hölscher, Roel Hompes, Toshitaka Hoppo, Philip J. Huber, Tracy Hull, Eric S. Hungness, John G. Hunter, James E. Huprich, Hero K. Hussain, Neil Hyman, Jennifer L. Irani, Emily T. Jackson, Danny O. Jacobs, Eric H. Jensen, Catherine Jephcott, Blair A. Jobe, Michael Johnston, Jeffrey Jorden, Paul Joyner, Lucas A. Julien, Peter J. Kahrilas, Ronald Kaleya, Elika Kashef, Philip Katz, Tara Kent, Nadia J. Khati, Jonathan C. King, Nicole A. Kissane, Andrew S. Klein, Dean E. Klinger, Jennifer Knight, Issam Koleilat, Robert Kozol, Seth B. Krantz, Daniela Ladner, Alexander Langerman, David W. Larson, Simon Law, Leo P. Lawler, Konstantinos N. Lazaridis, Yi-Horng Lee, Yoori Lee, Jérémie H. Lefèvre, Glen A. Lehman, Toni Lerut, David M. Levi, Anne Lidor, Dorothea Liebermann-Meffert, Joseph Lillegard, Keith D. Lillemoe, Virginia R. Litle, Donald C. Liu, Edward V. Loftus, Miguel Lopez-Viego, Reginald V.N. Lord, Val J. Lowe, Georg Lurje, Calvin Lyons, Robert L. MacCarty, Robert D. Madoff, Anurag Maheshwari, Najjia N. Mahmoud, David M. Mahvi, Massimo Malagó, Patrick Mannal, Michael R. Marohn, David J. Maron, Joseph E. Martz, Kellie L. Mathis, Douglas Mathisen, Jeffrey B. Matthews, Laurence E. McCahill, David A. McClusky, David W. McFadden, Lee McHenry, Paul J. McMurrick, Anthony S. Mee, John E. Meilahn, Fabrizio Michelassi, Robert C. Miller, Thomas A. Miller, J. Michael Millis, Ryosuke Misawa, Sumeet Mittal, Ernesto P. Molmenti, John R.T. Monson, Jesse Moore, Katherine A. Morgan, Christopher R. Morse, Neil J. Mortensen, Melinda M. Mortenson, Ruth Moxon, Michael W. Mulholland, Ido Nachmany, Philippe Nafteux, David M. Nagorney, Govind Nandakumar, Bala Natarajan, Heidi Nelson, Jeffrey M. Nicastro, Ankesh Nigam, Nicholas N. Nissen, Jeffrey A. Norton, Michael Nussbaum, Scott Nyberg, Stefan Öberg, Daniel S. Oh, Jill K. Onesti, Robert W. O’Rourke, Aytekin Oto, Mary F. Otterson, James R. Ouellette, Charles N. Paidas, John E. Pandolfino, Harry T. Papaconstantinou, Theodore N. Pappas, Yann Parc, Susan C. Parker, Marco G. Patti, Walter Pegoli, John H. Pemberton, Jeffrey H. Peters, Thai H. Pham, Lakshmikumar Pillai, Carlos E. Pineda, Henry A. Pitt, Jeffrey L. Ponsky, Mitchell C. Posner, Russel G. Postier, Sangeetha Prabhakaran, Vivek N. Prachand, Florencia G. Que, Arnold Radtke, Rudra Rai, Jan Rakinic, David W. Rattner, Daniel P. Raymond, Thomas W. Rice, J. David Richardson, Martin Riegler, John Paul Roberts, Patricia L. Roberts, David A. Rodeberg, Kevin K. Roggin, Rolando Rolandelli, Sabine Roman, Ernest L. Rosato, Michael J. Rosen, Andrew Ross, Amy P. Rushing, Adheesh Sabnis, Theodore J. Saclarides, Peter M. Sagar, George H. Sakorafas, Leonard B. Saltz, Shawn N. Sarin, Michael G. Sarr, Kennith Sartorelli, Jeannie F. Savas, Bruce Schirmer, Christine Schmid-Tannwald, John G. Schneider, Paul M. Schneider, Thomas Schnelldorfer, David J. Schoetz, Sebastian Schoppmann, Wolfgang Schröder, Richard D. Schulick, Anthony Senagore, Boris Sepesi, Nicholas J. Shaheen, Stuart Sherman, Irene Silberstein, Clifford L. Simmang, George Singer, Douglas P. Slakey, Jason Smith, Jessica K. Smith, Christopher W. Snyder, Christopher J. Sonnenday, Nathaniel J. Soper, George C. Sotiropoulos, Stuart Jon Spechler, Andrew Stanley, Mindy B. Statter, Kimberley E. Steele, Emily Steinhagen, Luca Stocchi, Gary Sudakoff, Abhishek Sundaram, Magesh Sundaram, Lee L. Swanström, Daniel E. Swartz, Tadahiro Takada, Eric P. Tamm, Ali Tavakkolizadeh, Gordon L. Telford, Julie K. Marosky Thacker, Dimitra G. Theodoropoulos, Michael S. Thomas, Alan G. Thorson, Kristy Thurston, David S. Tichansky, Yutaka Tomizawa, L. William Traverso, Thadeus Trus, Susan Tsai, Vassiliki Liana Tsikitis, Steven Tsoraides, Radu Tutuian, Andreas G. Tzakis, Daniel Vallböhmer, Dirk Van Raemdonck, Hjalmar van Santvoort, Anthony C. Venbrux, Selwyn M. Vickers, Hugo V. Villar, Leonardo Villegas, James R. Wallace, William D. Wallace, Huamin Wang, Kenneth K. Wang, James L. Watkins, Thomas J. Watson, Irving Waxman, Martin R. Weiser, John Welch, Mark L. Welton, Steven D. Wexner, Rebekah R. White, Elizabeth C. Wick, Alison Wilson, Emily Winslow, Piotr Witkowski, Bruce G. Wolff, Christopher L. Wolfgang, W. Douglas Wong, Jonathan Worsey, Cameron D. Wright, Bhupender Yadav, Charles J. Yeo, Trevor M. Yeung, Max Yezhelyev, Kyo-Sang Yoo, Yi-Qian Nancy You, Tonia M. Young-Fadok, Johannes Zacherl, Giovanni Zaninotto, Merissa N. Zeman, Pamela Zimmerman, and Gregory Zuccaro
Published: 2013

45. Management of Secondary Hepatic Neoplasms

Author: Juan Camilo Barreto Andrade, Mitchell C. Posner, and Kevin K. Roggin
Published: 2013

46. Pancreatic Disorders

Author: Mitchell C. Sokolosky
Published: 2013

47. Contributors

Author: Michael K. Abraham, Fredrick M. Abrahamian, Mohammed A. Abu Aish, Bruce D. Adams, James G. Adams, Nima Afshar, James Ahn, Amer Z. Aldeen, Paul J. Allegretti, Jennifer F. Anders, Jana L. Anderson, Phillip Andrus, Christian Arbelaez, Charles B. Arbogast, Chandra D. Aubin, Jennifer Avegno, John Bailitz, Patricia Baines, Aaron E. Bair, Katherine Bakes, Aaron N. Barksdale, William G. Barsan, Erik D. Barton, Benjamin S. Bassin, Craig G. Bates, Jamil D. Bayram, Tomer Begaz, Kip Benko, Kavita Bhanot, Kriti Bhatia, Paul D. Biddinger, Andra L. Blomkalns, John M. Boe, J. Stephen Bohan, Keith Boniface, Laura J. Bontempo, Pierre Borczuk, Keith Borg, Nicholas A. Borm, Philip Bossart, Megan Boysen Osborn, William J. Brady, Jeremy B. Branzetti, Bart S. Brown, David F.M. Brown, Sean M. Bryant, John H. Burton, Christine Butts, Mark W. Byrne, Daniel Cabrera, Robert D. Cannon, David A. Caro, Christopher R. Carpenter, Wallace A. Carter, Cindy W. Chan, Gar Ming Chan, Andrew K. Chang, Douglas M. Char, Navneet Cheema, Yi-Mei Chng, Michael R. Christian, Richard F. Clark, Kathleen J. Clem, James E. Colletti, Jamie L. Collings, Christopher B. Colwell, Justin Cook, Jeremy L. Cooke, Julie J. Cooper, D. Mark Courtney, Kirk L. Cumpston, Rita K. Cydulka, Lynda Daniel-Underwood, Elizabeth M. Datner, Jonathan E. Davis, Virgil Davis, Mae F. De La Calzada-Jeanlouie, Sarah Steward de Ramirez, Peter M.C. DeBlieux, Wyatt W. Decker, Jorge del Castillo, John Deledda, Eva M. Delgado, M. Kit Delgado, Margaret M. DiGeronimo, Gail D’Onofrio, Gerard S. Doyle, Bradley A. Dreifuss, Jeffrey Druck, Jonathan A. Edlow, Jeffrey M. Elder, Kirsten G. Engel, Ugo A. Ezenkwele, Jessica A. Fulton, Fiona E. Gallahue, Manish Garg, Gus M. Garmel, Ryan T. Geers, Carl A. Germann, Chris A. Ghaemmaghami, Michael A. Gibbs, Gregory H. Gilbert, Michael A. Gisondi, Steven A. Godwin, Joshua N. Goldstein, Eric Goralnick, Deepi G. Goyal, Matthew N. Graber, David D. Gummin, Geetika Gupta, Todd A. Guth, Azita G. Hamedani, Abigail D. Hankin, Benjamin P. Harrison, Stephen C. Hartsell, Tarlan Hedayati, Alan C. Heffner, Diane B. Heller, Robin R. Hemphill, Gregory L. Henry, H. Gene Hern, Sheryl L. Heron, Cherri D. Hobgood, Beatrice Hoffmann, Lance H. Hoffman, Christy Hopkins, Russ Horowitz, Debra E. Houry, David S. Howes, J. Stephen Huff, James Q. Hwang, Eric Isaacs, Benjamin F. Jackson, Andy Jagoda, Edward C. Jauch, Kerin A. Jones, Randall S. Jotte, Christopher S. Kang, Jacqueline Khorasanee, Christopher S. Kiefer, Tae Eung Kim, Heidi H. Kimberly, Matthew Kippenhan, Niranjan Kissoon, Kevin Klauer, Frederick Korley, Joshua M. Kosowsky, Karen Nolan Kuehl, Thomas Kunisaki, Shana Kusin, Michael Lambert, Patrick M. Lank, Erin M. Lareau, Sara Lary, Erik G. Laurin, Holly K. Ledyard, Eric L. Legome, Tracy Leigh LeGros, Katrina A. Leone, Matthew R. Levine, Michael Levine, Jason E. Liebzeit, Michelle Lin, M. Scott Linscott, Suzanne Lippert, John B. Lissoway, Robert Lockwood, Heather Long, Dave W. Lu, Binh T. Ly, Catherine A. Lynch, Troy E. Madsen, Swaminatha V. Mahadevan, Mamta Malik, Haney A. Mallemat, Michael P. Mallin, Gerald Maloney, Nicole Malouf, Rita A. Manfredi, David E. Manthey, Keith A. Marill, Melissa Marinelli, Joseph P. Martinez, Amal Mattu, Anna K. McFarlin, Mark McIntosh, Candace D. McNaughton, Ron Medzon, Carl R. Menckhoff, Glen E. Michael, Nathan W. Mick, Lisa D. Mills, Trevor J. Mills, Peter P. Monteleone, Raveendra S. Morchi, Lisa Moreno-Walton, Elizabeth A. Mort, Thomas Morrissey, Heather Murphy-Lavoie, Mark B. Mycyk, Eric S. Nadel, Swathi Nadindla, Brian K. Nelson, Lewis S. Nelson, Sara W. Nelson, David H. Newman, Bret A. Nicks, Vicki E. Noble, Joshua N. Nogar, Robert L. Norris, Ashley Booth Norse, Robert E. O’Connor, Kelly P. O’Keefe, Haru Okuda, Brian W. Patterson, Leigh A. Patterson, Richard Paula, Joseph F. Peabody, David A. Peak, John Nelson Perret, Andrew D. Perron, Vanessa Maria Piazza, Robert F. Poirier, Emilie S. Powell, Susan B. Promes, Tammie E. Quest, James Quinn, Claudia Ranniger, Niels K. Rathlev, James W. Rhee, Keri Robertson, Matthew T. Robinson, Robert L. Rogers, Carlo L. Rosen, Christopher Ross, Scott E. Rudkin, Anne-Michelle Ruha, Michael S. Runyon, Annie T. Sadosty, Tracy G. Sanson, Jairo I. Santanilla, Sally A. Santen, Osman R. Sayan, Michael J. Schmidt, Kathleen S. Schrank, Jeremiah D. Schuur, Theresa Schwab, Wesley H. Self, Monique I. Sellas, Andrew W. Shannon, Ghazala Q. Sharieff, Rahul Sharma, Philip Shayne, Ashley Shreves, Amandeep Singh, Ellen M. Slaven, Mark Sochor, Mitchell C. Sokolosky, Jeremy D. Sperling, Sarah A. Stahmer, Robert L. Stephen, Brian A. Stettler, Matthew Strehlow, Mark Su, Amita Sudhir, D. Matthew Sullivan, Jeffrey Tabas, Taku Taira, James K. Takayesu, Asim F. Tarabar, Danny G. Thomas, Kristine M. Thompson, Trevonne M. Thompson, Stephen Thornton, T. Paul Tran, Jacob Ufberg, Andrew S. Ulrich, Michael C. Wadman, Ernest E. Wang, N. Ewen Wang, Danielle M. Ware-McGee, Ian S. Wedmore, Natasha Wheaton, Beranton Whisenant, Max Wintermark, Michael E. Winters, Stephen J. Wolf, Richard E. Wolfe, Todd Wylie, Christine Yang-Kauh, Timothy P. Young, Steven M. Zahn, Cristina M. Zeretzke, David K. Zich, and Amy E. Zosel
Published: 2013

48. Adenocarcinoma of the Colon and Rectum

Author: Martin R. Weiser, Mitchell C. Posner, and Leonard B. Saltz
Published: 2013

49. Contributors

Author: Robert Abouassaly, Paul Abrams, Mark C. Adams, Ashok Agarwal, Mohamad E. Allaf, James Kyle Anderson, Karl-Erik Andersson, Kenneth W. Angermeier, Emmanuel S. Antonarakis, Dean G. Assimos, Anthony Atala, Darius J. Bägli, John Maynard Barry, Julia Spencer Barthold, Stuart B. Bauer, Clair J. Beard, Arie S. Belldegrun, Mitchell C. Benson, Brian M. Benway, Ryan Kent Berglund, David M. Berman, Sam B. Bhayani, Jay Todd Bishoff, Michael L. Blute, Joseph G. Borer, George J. Bosl, Charles B. Brendler, Gregory A. Broderick, James D. Brooks, Arthur L. Burnett, Jeffrey A. Cadeddu, Anthony A. Caldamone, Steven C. Campbell, Douglas A. Canning, Michael A. Carducci, Michael C. Carr, Peter R. Carroll, Herbert Ballentine Carter, Anthony J. Casale, Pasquale Casale, William J. Catalona, R. Duane Cespedes, Michael B. Chancellor, Christopher R. Chapple, Christopher J. Chermansky, Robert L. Chevalier, George K. Chow, Jeanne S. Chow, Benjamin I. Chung, Ralph V. Clayman, Michael Joseph Conlin, Raymond A. Costabile, Paul L. Crispen, Juanita M. Crook, Douglas M. Dahl, Anthony V. D’Amico, John W. Davis, G. Joel DeCastro, John D. Denstedt, Theodore L. DeWeese, David Andrew Diamond, Roger R. Dmochowski, Leo R. Doumanian, Marcus Drake, Branden Duffey, Daniel D. Dugi, James A. Eastham, Louis Eichel, Mario A. Eisenberger, Jonathan I. Epstein, Carlos R. Estrada, Robert L. Fairchild, Amr Fergany, Michael N. Ferrandino, Lynne R. Ferrari, James H. Finke, John M. Fitzpatrick, Robert C. Flanigan, Stuart M. Flechner, Tara Lee Frenkl, Dominic C. Frimberger, Pat F. Fulgham, John P. Gearhart, Glenn S. Gerber, Jason L. Gerboc, Robert H. Getzenberg, Islam A. Ghoneim, Inderbir S. Gill, Timothy D. Gilligan, David A. Goldfarb, Marc Goldstein, Leonard G. Gomella, Mark L. Gonzalgo, Ethan J. Halpern, Misop Han, Philip M. Hanno, Harry W. Herr, Sender Herschorn, Thomas H.S. Hsu, Mark Hurwitz, Douglas A. Husmann, Thomas W. Jarrett, J. Stephen Jones, Gerald H. Jordan, David B. Joseph, Martin Kaefer, Jihad H. Kaouk, Irving D. Kaplan, Louis R. Kavoussi, Parviz K. Kavoussi, Patrick A. Kenney, Antoine E. Khoury, Roger Sinclair Kirby, Eric A. Klein, Kathleen C. Kobashi, Michael O. Koch, John N. Krieger, Bradley P. Kropp, Alexander Kutikov, Sarah M. Lambert, Raymond S. Lance, Brian R. Lane, William A. Larchian, Richard S. Lee, Herbert Lepor, Seth P. Lerner, John A. Libertino, W. Marston Linehan, James E. Lingeman, Richard Edward Link, Mark S. Litwin, Stacy Loeb, Yair Lotan, Tom F. Lue, Dawn Lee MacLellan, Stanley Bruce Malkowicz, Vitaly Margulis, Ranjiv I. Mathews, Surena F. Matin, Brian R. Matlaga, Steven D. Mawhorter, Kurt A. McCammon, W. Scott McDougal, Elspeth M. McDougall, James M. McKiernan, Alan W. McMahon, Thomas Anthony McNicholas, Alan Keith Meeker, Cathy Mendelsohn, Carlos E. Méndez-Probst, Maxwell V. Meng, David C. Miller, Ian Milsom, Manoj Monga, Drogo K. Montague, Courtenay Kathryn Moore, Alvaro Morales, Allen F. Morey, Michael J. Morris, John P. Mulhall, Stephen Y. Nakada, Joel B. Nelson, J. Curtis Nickel, Victor W. Nitti, Andrew C. Novick, Michael C. Ost, Priya Padmanabhan, Jeffrey S. Palmer, Lane S. Palmer, John M. Park, Alan W. Partin, Christopher K. Payne, Margaret S. Pearle, Craig A. Peters, Andrew C. Peterson, Curtis A. Pettaway, Paul K. Pietrow, Louis Leon Pisters, Elizabeth A. Platz, Emilio D. Poggio, John C. Pope, Jeannette M. Potts, Glenn M. Preminger, John C. Rabets, Raymond Robert Rackley, Hassan Razvi, Neil M. Resnick, Lee Richstone, Richard C. Rink, Michael L. Ritchey, Ronald Rodriguez, Claus G. Roehrborn, Eric S. Rovner, Edmund Sabanegh, Arthur I. Sagalowsky, Richard A. Santucci, Peter T. Scardino, Harriette Miles Scarpero, Anthony J. Schaeffer, Edward M. Schaeffer, Howard I. Scher, Douglas S. Scherr, Richard N. Schlussel, Francis X. Schneck, Michael J. Schwartz, Robert C. Shamberger, Ellen Shapiro, David S. Sharp, Joel Sheinfeld, Linda Marie Dairiki Shortliffe, Daniel A. Shoskes, Jennifer D.Y. Sihoe, Iqbal Singh, Donald G. Skinner, Eila C. Skinner, Joseph A. Smith, Warren T. Snodgrass, Graham Sommer, Ramaprasad Srinivasan, Joph Steckel, John P. Stein, Andrew J. Stephenson, Cora N. Sternberg, Jack W. Strandhoy, Li-Ming Su, Stasa D. Tadic, Ian M. Thompson, Joanna Maya Togami, Edouard J. Trabulsi, Howard Trachtman, Paul J. Turek, Robert G. Uzzo, Sandip P. Vasavada, Robert W. Veltri, Manish A. Vira, Patrick C. Walsh, Thomas J. Walsh, Alan J. Wein, Robert M. Weiss, Hunter Wessells, Wesley M. White, Jack Christian Winters, J. Stuart Wolf, Christopher G. Wood, David P. Wood, John R. Woodard, Chad Wotkowicz, Subbarao V. Yalla, C.K. Yeung, Naoki Yoshimura, and Richard N. Yu
Published: 2012

50. List of Participants

Author: AGNEW, P.A., primary, AL AZZAWI, A.R.H., additional, AL SARRAJ, Karawan, additional, AMADO, Pierre, additional, ARAFA, Salah, additional, AUDU, Mr, additional, BANNISTER, Scott, additional, BARNARD, G, additional, BARP, Bruno, additional, BENTZEN, Erik J., additional, BOA, Thomas W., additional, BOAK, David, additional, BREIDENBACH, H., additional, BROADBENT, S., additional, BURNESS, G M, additional, BURNETT, Norman, additional, BURSTOW, Frank, additional, BUTERA, F, additional, CAMERON, David A., additional, CAVE, Peter R., additional, CHANDLER, Charles, additional, CHOUDHURY, S H, additional, COUTTS, Tim J, additional, CRAWFORD, Mark, additional, EGHOLM, E., additional, DEAN, W F, additional, DONNELLY, Kevin, additional, EL, GAMMEL, additional, ELLIOT, George, additional, EMERY, Michael, additional, EVANS, F C, additional, EZEH, Chuks, additional, FAHAGALLA, M, additional, FLEMING, F W, additional, FRANCIS, E, additional, FRASER, A I, additional, GADDY, J.L., additional, GAIR, S, additional, GALT, Jean, additional, GANAPINI, Walter, additional, GARSIDE, A J, additional, GINN, G W C, additional, GIUFFRIDA, M, additional, GOLDING, Peter, additional, GRAINGER, W, additional, GRANT, S R, additional, GUNN, R, additional, HASSOON, H., additional, HAAHR, Jan, additional, HALLY, Martin, additional, HAMILTON, A R, additional, HANLON, Marion, additional, HANNA, Robert, additional, HARRISON, J D L, additional, HARDY, Mr, additional, HAUGHEY, Douglas, additional, HENDERSON, David M, additional, HOPE, D R, additional, IRVINE, James C, additional, JAMIESON, P, additional, JANUARY, M, additional, de JANUZZI, G Martino, additional, KAMAL, W A, additional, KANYI, D M, additional, KELLEDY, Elaine, additional, KERR, Andrew, additional, KIRKLAND, David, additional, KUROKAWA, K, additional, KWANT, Kees, additional, KYALAANI, F, additional, LEMMA, T, additional, LEWIS, A W, additional, LIDDELL, H, additional, de LIGT, J J, additional, LINDBERG, R, additional, LIPMAN, N, additional, LOCKERBIE, N, additional, LUNDSAGER, Per, additional, MacAULAY, D, additional, MacDONALD, John, additional, MacGREGOR, Kerr, additional, MacKAY, Ian, additional, McKELLAR, D R, additional, McLEAN, Darrell, additional, MacMILLAN, D, additional, McPHEE, W.R., additional, McPHERSON, D J, additional, McWHIRTER, W, additional, MAGUIRE, T, additional, MAGORIAN, D, additional, MARDON, R, additional, MARKS, B, additional, MARTIN, D J, additional, MAYS, I D, additional, MEYNELL, P J, additional, MILLAR, M, additional, MITCHELL, C P, additional, MOWLE, Alan, additional, MUNRO, J S, additional, NAUNTOFTE, Mr, additional, NGOKO, Nelson, additional, OBLADEN, N L, additional, OL'OTABA, S O, additional, OLSEN, H, additional, OTHIENO, H, additional, OTI, Mr, additional, PACETTI, Marco, additional, PEATFIELD, T, additional, POPE, I T, additional, POUND, B, additional, RADWAN, M S, additional, RATTO, C, additional, RIDDELL, John C, additional, REID, A U, additional, ROBERTSON, P, additional, SALUJA, G, additional, SARGENT, M, additional, SCOTT, R, additional, SCHNADT, L, additional, SEEBY, N, additional, SHANKS, DD, additional, SHRESTHA, S, additional, SMITH, H V, additional, SMITH, J, additional, SINTUNOWA, C, additional, SINGH, P N, additional, STEVENSON, W, additional, STRONG, S J, additional, SWET, C J, additional, THOMSON, J S, additional, TONKINSON, T, additional, TOWRIE, J, additional, URASSA, Dominic, additional, URQUHART, D C M, additional, VARDY, A, additional, VAN LIEROP, W E, additional, VAN de VUSSE, T, additional, VERHAART, P, additional, VIS, T, additional, VOLK, M, additional, WATES, N, additional, WATSON, G R, additional, WALDEMARIAM, K, additional, WASSERTHAL, W, additional, WEINGART, J, additional, WELSH, K, additional, WHITE, R, additional, WHITEHURST, B, additional, WILSON, T, additional, WILSON-GOUGH, A K, additional, WOODBRIDGE, K, additional, WOOLLEY, M V, additional, WYPER, Hilary, additional, ZAMBONI, F, additional, PROVEN, G., additional, HIMMEL, M., additional, and ROXBURGH, G., additional
Published: 1982
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