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Sustained-release drug-loaded microspheres provide a long-acting sustained release, with targeted and other effects. There are many types of sustained-release drug microspheres and various preparation methods, and they are easy to operate. For these reasons, they have attracted widespread interest and are widely used in tissue engineering and other fields. In this paper, we provide a systematic review of the application of sustained-release drug microspheres in tissue engineering. First, we introduce this new type of drug delivery system (sustained-release drug carriers), describe the types of sustained-release drug microspheres, and summarize the characteristics of different microspheres. Second, we summarize the preparation methods of sustained-release drug microspheres and summarize the materials required for preparing microspheres. Third, various applications of sustained-release drug microspheres in tissue engineering are summarized. Finally, we summarize the shortcomings and discuss future prospects in the development of sustained-release drug microspheres. The purpose of this paper was to provide a further systematic understanding of the application of sustained-release drug microspheres in tissue engineering for the personnel engaged in related fields and to provide inspiration and new ideas for studies in related fields.

Propranolol (PRO) is widely detected in the aquatic environment and proved to be detrimental to multifarious aquatic organisms. In view of some virtues of sulfate radicals than hydroxyl radicals, advanced oxidation technologies that involve the activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) have stimulated wide-ranging research on the PRO removal. In this paper, a composite (C 2 NOMS-2) of amino-functionalized manganese octahedral molecular sieve (NOMS-2) and binuclear cobalt phthalocyanine (Co 2 CPc) was synthesized easily, and utilized as a catalyzer for PMS to degrade PRO in water. The apparent rate constants of PRO degradation by PMS with C 2 NOMS-2 as a catalyst was found to be higher than with NOMS-2, Co 2 CPc and the composite of uninuclear cobalt phthalocyanine (CoCPc) and NOMS-2. The catalytic ability of C 2 NOMS-2 was investigated under various reaction conditions: catalyst dosages (0.5-2.0 g/L), PMS doses (50-500 mg/L), initial pH (5-11), reaction temperature (20-35 °C), and natural water constituents (Cl - , HCO 3 - , and sodium huminate). Radical scavenging tests and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy showed that 1 O 2 was the most critical reactive oxygen species, and conceivable mechanisms of PMS activation with C 2 NOMS-2 were proposed established on the curve estimation of high-resolution XPS spectra, revealing that the generation of reactive oxygen species was mainly resulted from the cycles of Mn 3+ /Mn 4+ , Co 3+ /Co 2+ and surface lattice oxygen/surface adsorbed oxygen. The intermediate products of propranolol degradation were identified by LC-MS/MS. Cycling experiments and ion dissolution detection suggested that C 2 NOMS-2 could maintain satisfactory stability in an aqueous system., (Copyright © 2019. Published by Elsevier B.V.)