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Introduction: Paediatric cerebellar glioblastoma is an exceptionally rare clinical entity, with very few cases described in the literature. In the majority of reported cases, prognosis is extremely poor, despite surgical and oncological management. The paucity of data results in lack of consensus as to the optimal management of these patients, with the objective of prolonging survival. Research question: Do patient or tumour characteristics suggest more favourable rates of progression-free survival in paediatric cerebellar glioblastoma? Material and methods: Tumour histopathology plus retrospective molecular analysis of archived samples, as well treatment strategy and patient characteristics of a six-year-old child with cerebellar glioblastoma and prolonged progression-free survival were assessed. Characteristics in the published literature that inferred prolonged survival were identified and compared. Results: Paediatric cerebellar glioblastoma is extremely rare, with only a handful of cases reported over several decades, during which time diagnostic and therapeutic techniques have evolved markedly. Consequently, the scarcity of data with sufficient granularity means that limited conclusions can be drawn. Specific clinical and histopathological factors (i.e. female sex, young age, EGFR negativity and surgical resection plus adjuvant chemoradiotherapy) may indicate a more favourable progression-free survival. Discussion and conclusion: Rates of progression-free survival in this rare condition are generally poor, however, several patient and tumour characteristics may infer more favourable prognosis. As increasingly refined means of diagnosis and characterisation are developed, particularly as a result of advances in molecular analyses, more adjuvant treatment options are likely to come on stream in future.

Introduction: Lumbar decompression (LD) surgery, with or without discectomy, is a commonly performed surgical procedure. Despite the concept of day-case LD being reported as early as the 1980s, day-case LD is yet to become routine clinical practice. Research question: This systematic review aimed to examine the published literature on the safety and complication rates of day-case LD. Secondary outcome measures, including the economic impact and patient satisfaction of day-case LD, were also examined. Materials and methods: A systematic electronic search was carried out on PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library between 1999 and January 2022. Studies were screened against predefined inclusion/exclusion criteria with the quality of included studies subsequently being assessed. Results: In total, 15 studies were included in this review. The majority of studies were undertaken in the USA (n ​= ​8, 53%) and were of a case series design (n ​= ​9, 60%). Reported complication rates ranged from 0% to 7.8%, with nine studies reporting a complication rate of