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Background: Circulating microparticles represent one type of signal transmission between cells. Previous studies revealed increased levels of circulating microparticles in patients with heart failure, while composition, temporal occurrence and biological effects are largely unknown., Methods: Circulating microparticles were quantified by flow cytometry in mice following TAC. Microparticles were characterized by NTA and immunoblotting for Flotillin-1. Microparticle content was investigated by microRNA analyses., Results: After TAC induction of heart failure could be demonstrated. Simultaneously we observed increased numbers of circulating microparticles in the first week after TAC with a rapid decline thereafter. The most relevant fraction of circulating EVs after TAC derived from lymphocytes containing has-miR-26a-5p and / -146b-5p known to be involved in inflammatory processes., Conclusion: This work provides a previously unknown timely limited occurrence of circulating microparticles after new onset of heart failure which might have important influence on disease development and progression and thereby are of probable therapeutic relevance., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Regulatory RNA plays a pivotal role in the regulation of bacterial gene expression. Here, five small RNAs were studied in Sinorhizobium meliloti - SmrC15, SmrC16, Sra33, 6S and the signal recognition particle (SRP) RNA, which are conserved among at least seven different Rhizobium and Sinorhizobium species. The amount of SmrC16 decreased in stationary phase, while the other RNAs were up-regulated. The smallest changes, maximally 2-fold, were observed for 6S RNA. In the distantly related Bradyrhizobium japonicum, the amount of 6S RNA was not increased in stationary phase, suggesting some functional divergence in the roles of this molecule in Rhizobiales in comparison to Escherichia coli. Different decay rates were observed for SmrC15 and SmrC16 of S. meliloti upon rifampicin treatment, revealing posttranscriptional regulation during growth. The use of a Deltahfq mutant showed that Hfq protects full-length SmrC16 from degradation and stabilises its specific degradation products.