Search

المخلص: أهداف البحث: يستقصي هذا البحث تأثير تعدد أشكال الجينات لإنترلوكين ١ وإنترلوكين ٦ على كثافة المعادن في العظام وفقدان العظم الهامشي حول زراعة الأسنان. ومع ذلك، فإن تأثير كثافة المعادن بالعظام النظامية على تباين فقدان العظام الهامشي المحيط بالزرعة ليس واضحا. وبالتالي، تم إجراء هذه الدراسة للتحقق من ارتباط تعدد أشكال الجينات إنترلوكين ١ وإنترلوكين ٦ مع كثافة المعادن بالعظام الجهازية و فقدان العظام الهامشي حول زراعة الأسنان. طرق البحث: شملت الدراسة ١٩٠ مشاركا تم اختيارهم لزراعة الأسنان في المنطقة الخلفية للفك السفلي. تم تصنيف المشاركين بناء على كثافة المعادن في العظام المقاسة بالأشعة السينية ثنائية الطاقة: كثافة المعادن الطبيعية في العظام (93 مشاركا)، معدل ت ≥ -1 كثافة المعادن المنخفضة في العظام بما في ذلك هشاشة العظام وترقق العظام (97 مشاركا)، معدل ت ≤ -1 الانحراف المعياري. تم وضع زرعات الأسنان وفقا للبروتوكولات الجراحية القياسية، وتم قياس فقدان العظم الهامشي بعد ٦ أشهر باستخدام المسح الطبقي المحوري قبل جراحة المرحلة الثانية. تم إجراء تحديد النمط الجيني لكافة المشاركين للجينات آي إل-1أ-889 أ/ج، آي إل-1ب-511 ج/أ، آي إل-1ب+3954 ، و آي إل-6-572 س/ج لتحليل تعدد أشكال الجينات. النتائج: قارنت الدراسة الخصائص الديموغرافية والسريرية للمشاركين ذوي الكثافة العظمية الطبيعية والمنخفضة. وجدت الدراسة ارتباطات هامة بين تعدد أشكال الجينات إنترلوكين ١ وإنترلوكين ٦ وزيادة فقدان العظم الهامشي حول زرعات الأسنان لدى المشاركين ذوي الكثافة العظمية المنخفضة. الاستنتاجات: كان الأفراد الذين يحملون الأنماط الجينية المعينة (إنترلوكين ١ب-٥١١ ألف ألف أو إنترلوكين ٦-٥٧٢ جي جي) في خطر متزايد للإصابة بترقق العظام أو هشاشة العظام. وكانوا أيضا أكثر عرضة لفقدان العظم الهامشي حول زرعات الأسنان. Abstract: Objectives: Interleukin 1 (IL-1) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) gene polymorphisms have been suggested to be responsible for diminished bone mineral density (BMD) and high crestal bone loss (CBL) in some individuals. However, the effects of systemic BMD on variations in peri-implant CBL are unclear. Hence, this study was aimed at investigating the association of IL-1 and IL-6 gene polymorphisms with systemic BMD and CBL around dental implants. Methods: A total of 190 participants undergoing dental implantation in the mandibular posterior region were selected according to predetermined selection criteria and divided into a normal BMD group (NBD, 93 participants, T-score ≥ −1) and low BMD group (LBD, including both osteoporosis and osteopenia, 97 participants, T-score

Background: Maxillary sinus pneumatization is a physiological process that can adversely affect bone availability for further dental rehabilitation. If a relation between the thickness of the mandibular cortex and maxillary sinus pneumatization is proven, future bone availability can be deducted. Material and methods: In this cross-sectional study, 85 panoramic radiographs were evaluated. All patients were between 19 and 70, had at least lost a second premolar, first molar, or second molar on one side of the maxilla, and had these teeth on the other side. Four lines were digitally drawn on the radiographs to determine the superior and inferior borders of the sinus on both sides. The amount of inferior sinus border progression was deducted using the digitally-measured lines' ratios. The following tests were done using IBM SPSS ver. 24: Pearson's correlation coefficient test, Tukey's dual comparison posthoc test, One-way ANOVA test, and the independent T-test (p = 0.05). Results: There was a negative correlation between the inferior mandibular cortex's thickness and the maxillary sinus's pneumatization (p

Introduction: Young women with breast cancer (BC) may experience bone mineral density (BMD) loss secondary to cancer treatment effects on estrogen levels. Studies assessing BMD in BC patients have had a limited representation of young women. This multicenter retrospective study analyzed the frequency of low BMD and associated factors in this age group., Methods: Women diagnosed with stage 0-III BC at ≤40 years, treated with chemotherapy and/or endocrine therapy between 2010 and 2020 at 5 Mexican BC referral centers were eligible. Demographic, clinical and treatment data were collected, as well as bone dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) results. Low BMD was defined as lumbar or femoral neck T-score < -1.0 or Z-score ≤ -2.0., Results: A total of 1259 patients were included; median age at diagnosis was 36 years (21-40). Overall, 93% received chemotherapy and 65% endocrine therapy (tamoxifen was received at some point by 61%, aromatase inhibitors by 17%, and GnRH agonists/bilateral oophorectomy by 21%). DEXA scans were documented in 254 (20%), of which 163 (64%; 95% confidence interval [CI] 58%-70%) had a low BMD report. Low BMD was associated with receiving aromatase inhibitors (Odds ratio [OR] 1.92; 95% CI 1.13-3.24), and GnRH agonists/bilateral oophorectomy (OR 2.25; 95% CI 1.21-4.21)., Conclusion: The suboptimal frequency of BMD monitoring observed displays an alarming disregard for bone health in young patients. Thus, a high proportion of women with low BMD are potentially being missed and precluded from the opportunity to receive timely interventions. Particular focus should be put on BMD monitoring among patients treated with aromatase inhibitors, GnRH agonists or bilateral oophorectomy., Competing Interests: Disclosure The authors have no competing interests to declare., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

This review focuses on primary amenorrhea and primary/premature ovarian insufficiency due to hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. Following a thoughtful, thorough evaluation, a diagnosis can usually be discerned. Pubertal induction and ongoing estrogen replacement therapy are often necessary. Shared decision-making involving the patient, family, and health-care team can empower the young person and family to successfully thrive with these chronic conditions., Competing Interests: Disclosure The authors have no conflicts of interest to report., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Background: Sacral alar-iliac screws (SAISs) have been used for sacroiliac joint and are superiority to traditional sacroiliac screws (SISs) in patients with low bone density. The aim of this study was to investigate the operation safety and biomechanical stability of the SIS, transsacral-transiliac screw (TSTIS), S1AIS and S2AIS in the treatment of sacroiliac joint in simulated models of low bone density., Methods: CT data from 80 normal pelvic structures were employed to measure the anatomical parameters, including the safety zones of the S1AIS and S2AIS at the insertion point and the trajectory lengths of the SIS, TSTIS, S1AIS and S2AIS. Sixteen synthetic pelvises with simulated osteoporotic bone structure were used to simulate type C Tile lesions and divided into 4 groups with an anterior plate and posterior fixation using one of the following: 1) one SIS on each side, 2) one TSTIS fixing both sides, 3) one S1AIS on each side, or 4) one S2AIS on each side. The stiffness and maximum load of the specimens were analyzed using a biomechanical machine under vertical loading., Results: The safety zone of S1AIS was larger than that of S2AIS (p < 0.05). The TSTIS had the largest trajectory length, followed by the S1AIS and S2AIS, and the SIS had the smallest trajectory length (p < 0.05). However, the lengths of the TSTIS (26.1 ± 1.7 mm) and SIS (27.8 ± 1.8 mm) trajectories on the short side (the iliac side) were smaller than those of S1AIS (40.4 ± 3.8 mm) and S2AIS (39.1 ± 3.8 mm), thus indicating significant differences (p < 0.05). The stiffness and maximum load of S1AIS and S2AIS were similar and the greatest, followed by TSTIS and SIS (p < 0.05)., Conclusion: The stability of S1AIS and S2AIS is similar, both stronger than that of SIS and TSTIS, which have shorter lengths of the screw trajectories on the ilium side. However, the safety zone of S2AIS at the insertion point is smaller than that of S1AIS. Therefore, considering both safety and stability, S1AIS is the preferred choice for fixation of sacroiliac joint dislocation in simulated models of low bone density., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest All authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose. All authors have read and approved the final submitted manuscript., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Objective: To review the extant literature relating to bone health in the idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) including both adult and juvenile patients., Methods: A PubMed search® identified relevant studies from 1966 to 2020 in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Two independent reviewers screened and extracted the abstracts/full manuscripts, and a third author was consulted in the case of disagreement., Results: We identified 37 articles (3 review articles, 2 RCTs, 9 cross-sectional, 16 cohort and 7 case-control studies). The prevalence of osteopenia (n = 7) ranges from 7 to 75% and osteoporosis (n = 7) between 13% to 27%. The prevalence of vertebral fractures ranged from 11 to 75%. Systemic inflammation likely contributes to reduced bone mineral density (BMD) in children with IIM but data is currently lacking in adult patients. Association between with impaired BMD and Vitamin D or calcium intake and physical activity has not been demonstrated in IIM. There is no clear consensus regarding the impact of age, menopause or BMI on bone health. Gender, smoking status, disease activity and inflammatory markers are not obvious independent predictors of low BMD. Several studies have demonstrated that glucocorticoids are associated with an increased risk of low BMD. There are no specific guidelines relating to the management of bone health in adult and juvenile patients with IIM., Conclusion: Both adult and juvenile patients with IIM are at high risk of impaired bone health and fracture. The mechanisms behind this are likely multifactorial including systemic inflammation, glucocorticoid treatment, reduced mobility and impaired calcium/vitamin D homeostasis. There are a lack of guidelines and studies relating to the screening, prevention and treatment of impaired bone health in adult and juvenile patients with IIM. Future research is required to understand the complexity of bone health in IIM including to develop much needed disease-specific management recommendations., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Disorders of bone density are especially prevalent among athletic women. The severity of bone loss ranges from osteopenia to frank osteoporosis. In female athletes, a higher incidence of osteoporosis is due to a decreased rate of bone accretion in youth, often as a result of hormonal deficiency and/or excessive exercise. Low bone mass poses a particular challenge for athletes because it predisposes to stress-related bone injuries and increases the risk of osteoporosis and insufficiency fractures with aging. This article reviews the pathophysiology of bone thinning in premenopausal and postmenopausal women, the impact of exercise, and the treatment options presently available., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)