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Purpose: To estimate ethnic-specific all-cause mortality risk following ischemic stroke and to compare mortality risk by ethnicity., Methods: DATA from the Brain Attack Surveillance in Corpus Christi Project, a population-based stroke surveillance study, were used. Stroke cases between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2002 were identified from emergency department (ED) and hospital sources (n = 1,234). Deaths for the same period were identified from the surveillance of stroke cases, the Texas Department of Health, the coroner, and the Social Security Death Index. Ethnic-specific all-cause cumulative mortality risk was estimated at 28 days and 36 months using Kaplan Meier analysis. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to compare mortality risk by ethnicity., Results: Cumulative 28-day all-cause mortality risk for Mexican Americans (MAs) was 7.8% and for non-Hispanic whites (NHWs) was 13.5%. Cumulative 36-month all-cause mortality risk was 31.3% in MAs and 47.2% in NHWs. MAs had lower 28-day (RR = 0.58; 95% CI: 0.41, 0.84) and 36-month all-cause mortality risk (RR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.64, 0.98) compared with NHWs, adjusted for confounders., Conclusions: Better survival after stroke in MAs is surprising considering their similar stroke subtype and severity compared with NHWs. Social or psychological factors, which may explain this difference, should be explored.