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Objectives: To evaluate the expression of Galectins (Gal) 1, 3 and 9, Metalloproteinase 3 (MMP-3) and mast cell density in oral lesions of patients with potentially malignant disorders (PMD) and oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) by comparison with the controls., Study Design: We selected 40 cases of PMD, 40 OSCC and 13 with normal histopathological profile. Immunohistochemistry was performed for Gal-1, Gal-3, Gal-9 and MMP-3., Results: Gal-9 was significantly higher in patients with OSCC than in others groups (p < 0.001). Gal-1 expression was significantly lower in patients with leukoplakia than those with OSCC and controls (p = 0.0001). Gal-3 was significantly lower in patients with OSCC than those with leukoplakia (p = 0.03). MMP-3 was lower in patients with leukoplakia in comparison with the lichen planus group (p = 0.013)., Conclusion: The increased expression of Gal-9 may be helpful to differentiate of OSCC from other oral cavity lesions., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.)

A cancer diagnostic algorithm, light-induced autofluorescence spectroscopy using double excitations wavelengths, was employed for distinguishing between cancerous and normal oral mucosa. For emission spectra at the shorter excitation wavelengths (280, 290, and 300 nm), the ratio between the area under 325-335 nm and the area under 465-475 nm was calculated. In the same way, for emission spectra at the longer excitation wavelengths (320, 330, and 340 nm), the ratio between the area under 375-385 nm and the area under 465-475 nm was calculated. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to evaluate the performance of algorithms using single and the double (by combining shorter and longer) excitation wavelengths. The results showed that better performance, up to sensitivity 81.25%, specificity 93.75%, and positive predictive value 92.86%, could be achieved by using the double excitation wavelengths. The present study can be useful as a basis for further investigation on in vivo autofluorescence measurement and analysis using double excitation wavelength.