1. Phylogenetic determinants of toxin gene distribution in genomes of Brevibacillus laterosporus
- Author
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Travis R. Glare, M. Marsha Ormskirk, Murray P. Cox, Abigail Durrant, Leopoldo Palma, and Colin Berry
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Bacterial Toxins ,Virulence ,01 natural sciences ,Genome ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,Anti-Infective Agents ,Bacterial Proteins ,Phylogenetics ,Genetics ,Toxins ,Genomes ,Gene ,Phylogeny ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,Bacillales ,Phylogenetic tree ,biology ,Brevibacillus ,Strain (biology) ,High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ,biology.organism_classification ,16S ribosomal RNA ,Biosynthetic Pathways ,Genes, Bacterial ,Bacteria ,Genome, Bacterial ,010606 plant biology & botany ,Plasmids - Abstract
Brevibacillus laterosporus is a globally ubiquitous, spore forming bacterium, strains of which have shown toxic activity against invertebrates and microbes and several have been patented due to their commercial potential. Relatively little is known about this bacterium. Here, we examined the genomes of six published and five newly determined genomes of B. laterosporus, with an emphasis on the relationships between known and putative toxin encoding genes, as well as the phylogenetic relationships between strains. Phylogenetically, strain relationships are similar using average nucleotide identity (ANI) values and multi-gene approaches, although PacBio sequencing revealed multiple copies of the 16S rDNA gene which lessened utility at the strain level. Based on ANI values, the New Zealand isolates were distant from other isolates and may represent a new species. While all of the genomes examined shared some putative toxicity or virulence related proteins, many specific genes were only present in a subset of strains., Highlights • We examined genomes of 11 Brevibacillus laterosporus, a bacterium which is antagonistic to invertebrates and/or microbes • Multiple phylogenetic methods showed New Zealand isolates more distant than all other isolates • Each genome could contain 11–13 copies of the 16S rDNA gene, some of which were not identical • Many putative toxin encoding genes were present in the genomes, but the toxin complement varied from isolate to isolate • Variation in occurrence of toxin-encoding genes indicates the potential to find strains with new combinations of activities
- Published
- 2020