1. Remdesivir, lopinavir, emetine, and homoharringtonine inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication in vitro.
- Author
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Choy KT, Wong AY, Kaewpreedee P, Sia SF, Chen D, Hui KPY, Chu DKW, Chan MCW, Cheung PP, Huang X, Peiris M, and Yen HL
- Subjects
- Adenosine Monophosphate analogs & derivatives, Alanine analogs & derivatives, Amides pharmacology, Animals, Betacoronavirus physiology, COVID-19, Chlorocebus aethiops, Drug Combinations, Epithelial Cells, Humans, Pandemics, Pyrazines pharmacology, Ribavirin pharmacology, SARS-CoV-2, Vero Cells, COVID-19 Drug Treatment, Antimetabolites pharmacology, Antiviral Agents pharmacology, Betacoronavirus drug effects, Coronavirus Infections drug therapy, Coronavirus Infections virology, Emetine pharmacology, Homoharringtonine pharmacology, Lopinavir pharmacology, Pneumonia, Viral drug therapy, Pneumonia, Viral virology, Virus Replication drug effects
- Abstract
An escalating pandemic by the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus is impacting global health and effective therapeutic options are urgently needed. We evaluated the in vitro antiviral effect of compounds that were previously reported to inhibit coronavirus replication and compounds that are currently under evaluation in clinical trials for SARS-CoV-2 patients. We report the antiviral effect of remdesivir, lopinavir, homorringtonine, and emetine against SARS-CoV-2 virus in Vero E6 cells with the estimated 50% effective concentration at 23.15 μM, 26.63 μM, 2.55 μM and 0.46 μM, respectively. Ribavirin or favipiravir that are currently evaluated under clinical trials showed no inhibition at 100 μM. Synergy between remdesivir and emetine was observed, and remdesivir at 6.25 μM in combination with emetine at 0.195 μM may achieve 64.9% inhibition in viral yield. Combinational therapy may help to reduce the effective concentration of compounds below the therapeutic plasma concentrations and provide better clinical benefits., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
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