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Promoting the charge separation to improve photocatalytic performance of semiconductor photocatalysts is very important in the field of artificial photosynthesis. Here, a novel MoS2/CdS 2D–2D ultrathin nanosheet heterostructure was fabricated via a one-pot solvothermal route. The obtained 2D–2D MoS2/CdS nanojunction has not only provided large contact areas, but also shortened the charge transport distance, resulting in significantly enhanced photocatalytic H2 evolution property. The composites that were synthesized were examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), Transmission electron microscope (TEM), UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS), Photoluminescence (PL) and X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) analysis. By optimizing the 2D MoS2 amounts in the heterojunction, the 5 wt.% 2D/2D MoS2/CdS heterojunction displayed the maximal photocatalytic H2 evolution rate of 4449 μmolh−1g−1 under visible light irradiation in the presence of lactic acid as the sacrificial reagent, which was 6 times higher than that of pristine 2D CdS. Based on the photoelectrochemical and photoluminescence spectra tests, it could be deduced that the charge separation and transfer of 2D/2D MoS2/CdS heterojunction was tremendously improved, and the recombination of photoinduced electron-hole pairs was effectively impeded. Moreover, the 2D MoS2 was used as a cocatalyst to provide the abundant active sites and lower the overpotential for H2 generation reaction. The current work would offer an insight to fabricate the 2D/2D heterojunction photocatalysts for splitting H2O into H2.

Despite advancements in technology, power system faults leading to electric power interruption remain a significant issue. Efficient restoration of the power system relies on the swift classification and clearance of faults. Among the various types of faults in transmission lines, open circuit and short circuit faults are commonly encountered. This study specifically focuses on the analysis of five types of short circuit faults: line-to-line, line-to-ground, double line-to-ground, triple line, and triple line-to-ground faults. Faults can cause both power failure and power loss in transmission lines. Once a fault occurs, it is crucial to restore electricity supply promptly to prevent further losses. Therefore, the development of a system capable of accurately and swiftly detecting and removing faults is essential. Traditionally, categorizing transmission line faults required sophisticated mathematical modeling, intricate signal processing techniques, and expert knowledge to interpret the output signals. In this paper, an alternative approach is proposed, utilizing deep learning techniques for transmission line fault classification. Specifically, the paper employs techniques such as artificial neural network (ANN), long short-term memory (LSTM), with and without window regression (WR). By implementing these deep learning techniques, automatic feature extraction and signal processing are achieved, streamlining the fault classification process. The experimental results obtained from this study demonstrate an accuracy of 42.98% for ANN, 99.98% for LSTM, and 99.99% for LSTM-WR. These outcomes underscore the effectiveness of the deep learning techniques employed in accurately classifying transmission line faults, with LSTM and LSTM-WR outperforming ANN in terms of accuracy.

This research paper presents a comprehensive study on a novel NAMPT (Nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase) inhibitor molecule, N- [4- [(4R)-1,4-dimethyl-6-oxidanylidene-4,5-dihydropyridazin-3-yl] phenyl]-5,7-dihydropyrrolo [3,4-b] pyridine-6-carboxamide], with the potential applications in cancer therapy. We performed quantum chemical calculations with DFT and topological investigations on the molecule to understand its electronic properties and chemical behaviour. The study covers basic molecular properties, molecular planarity and various electronic properties, including the HOMO (Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital), LUMO (Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital) energy levels, the energy gap of 4.09 eV, ionization potential, electron affinity, electronegativity, chemical potential, chemical hardness, chemical softness, electrophilicity index, Mulliken atomic charges, Laplacian bond order, and ESP (Electrostatic Potential) properties. Moreover, we studied the nature of bonding and interactions within the molecule using ELF (Electron Localization Function), LOL (Localized Orbital Locator), RDG (Reduced Density Gradient), and NCI (Non-covalent Interaction). An analysis of the title molecule's molecular thermodynamic properties demonstrates its intrinsic stability under thermal and quantum effects. Molecular docking studies were also performed to reveal how the molecule interacts with its target protein, exhibiting a strong binding affinity for NAMPT target proteins (7PPF and 5WI0), which could help develop future cancer drugs. This multifaceted investigation provides a detailed understanding of the molecular structure and interactions of the molecule with NAMPT protein, potentially paving the way for its potential use as a cancer therapy.

In the new approach, undoped and (0.1,0.3, and 0.5) La3+doped CoCr2O4 samples were prepared using microwave combustion methods. The Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) are used to characterize the material's surface morphology and for phase identification and crystallinity. The samples were also studied with a UV–visible, diffuse reflectance spectrum (DRS) and a (VSM) Vibrating Sample Magnetometer. Spherical particles in agglomeration are visible in the TEM images. The average crystal size is about 15 - 43 nm was observed from the X-ray diffraction pattern results, and it was also confirmed that a cubic spinel structure existed. In addition to providing insight into the divalent and trivalent metal cation distributions at the A and B sites of the chromite lattice, XRD data also revealed divalent and trivalent metal cations distributions. Increased La content results in a decrease in estimated band gap energy. An increasing trend with increasing in La concentration resulting from cation rearrangement. Because La3+replaces some Cr ions in octahedral sites of cobalt chromite, there is a variation in its magnetic parameters.

Salivary gland tumors makes up 3–4% of all head and neck cancers, mucoepidermoid carcinoma is a malignant locally recurrent variant of salivary gland carcinoma. .In this short communication we are presenting a rare entity of mandible “intramedullary mucoepidermoid carcinoma” treated with wide local excision (composite resection) with modified radical neck dissection followed by reconstruction with free fibula osteocutaneous flap.

In the present study, the effect of various weight percentages (0, 20, 30, and 40 wt.%) of Tungsten Carbide (WC) reinforcement in the Nickel-Chromium (Ni-Cr) alloy was investigated. The coatings were deposited on a 316L stainless steel substrate using Plasma Transferred Arc Welding (PTAW) process. Additionally, the As Welded (AW) NiCr-WC coatings were subjected to Short Time Heat-Treatment (STHT) and Laser Re-Melting (LRM) processes and a comparative study has been carried out with that of AW coatings. X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Vickers hardness and Pin on disc wear testing facilities were employed to characterize the phase structures, microstructure, dilution, crystallization, hardness and wear properties of the deposits. Wear mechanisms were studied using the 3D surface analyzer and SEM images. The STHT and LRM coatings showed an increased hardness and more crystalline phases than the As-Welded (AW) coatings. The correlation between the intermetallic phases, residual stress, microstructural evolution and friction-wear behaviour among the AW, STHT and LRM NiCr and NiCr-WC coatings were discussed in detail.

Listeriosis has emerged to be one of the life-threatening foodborne diseases worldwide, especially for immunocompromised individuals. The aim of this study was to develop a potential anti-bacterial drug with plant phytocompounds against phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C from Listeria monocytogenes. A series of forty terpenoid compounds were selected based on Lipinski's rule of 5 and were subjected to molecular docking and dynamic simulation studies. From the results, Vouacapan was identified to be the promising compound out of the forty terpenoid compounds as it exhibited a good docking score of −7.7 kcal/mol and better stability with the protein in 100ns MD trajectory. Using MM/GBSA method, a total binding free energy value of −14.25 kcal/mol was observed for the Vouacapan-protein complex. The study offers a molecular level understanding of interactions of the selected compounds against the virulent protein.

The present study reports the effect of WC particle (20%, 30%, and 40%) and secondary processes (Heat Treatment and Laser Treatment) on the mechanical properties of NiCrBSi and NiCrBSi–WC deposits. A detailed comparative analysis of As Welded (AW), Heat Treated (HT) and Laser Treated (LT) deposits was made in terms of morphology, interface thickness, hardness, residual stress, tensile and flexural strength. Higher surface hardness was obtained for Laser treated NiCrBSi–WC(40%) deposits as compared to the heat-treated and as-welded deposits. The higher weight percentage of WC particles modified the solidification pattern and stress distribution in the NiCrBSi matrix, which eventually decreased the mechanical strength of NiCrBSi–WC (40%) deposits. In addition, fractographic examinations were used to delineate the various toughening mechanisms present in the post-treated NiCrBSi and NiCrBSi–WC deposits.

Objective: The present article details the preparation and characterization of bio-nanocomposite films loaded with nanoclays and chitosan which are the catalysts for retaining the fresh quality of flowers, fruits, and vegetables and extending their shelf life under packed with this film. The development of new packaging films is currently an emerging field for the consumers and edible goods trading industries. Hence, novel bio packaging films with a unique combination is essential to ensure optimum characteristics for the bio packaging films, thereby obviating synthetic plastics. Methods: Synthesis and characterization of the formulated blends of carboxymethylcellulose incorporated with chitosan, nanoclays, epoxy, and polyethylene glycol with the addition of lemon leaf extract (LLE) and analysis of their antibacterial activity. Result: The results indicate that when the jasmine flower buds were packed with the synthesized film, retain their buddy state for a minimum of 5 days at room temperature, freshness, and fragrance. Conclusion: Hence, the nano-bio packaging film will ensure the transportation of daily harvested flowers, fruits, and vegetables from farms to firms, stores, and homes.

Zinc (Zn)-composite coatings are still in demand as good corrosion barrier coatings to protect steel substrates from corrosion environment. In this article, the Ni doped SnO2 nanoparticles were synthesized and used as a composite additive for Zn-coating. The synthesis was carried out by the combustion method using citric acid as a fuel. The Zn-Ni doped SnO2 composite coating was produced on mild steel by an electroplating technique. The surface characterization and elemental analysis of the coated samples were examined by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), scanning electron microscopic images (SEM) followed by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDAX). The surface morphology of Zn-Ni doped SnO2 composite before and after corrosion showed a more compact surface structure with respect to the pure Zn-coat. The corrosion resistance property of the Zn-Ni doped SnO2 composite coating was studied by Tafel polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Keywords: Ni doped SnO2 nanoparticles, Zn-composite coating, Corrosion behavior, Tafel polarization, EIS

Probiotics are amongst the most common microbes in the gastro-intestinal tract of humans and other animals. Prominent among probiotics are Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. They offer wide-ranging health promoting benefits to the host which include reduction in pathological alterations, stimulation of mucosal immunity and interaction with mediators of inflammation among others. Proteomics plays a vital role in understanding biological functions of a cell. Proteomics is also slowly and steadily adding to the existing knowledge on role of probiotics. In this paper, the proteomics of probiotics, with special reference to lactic acid bacteria is reviewed with a view to understand i) proteome map, ii) mechanism of adaptation to harsh gut environment such as low pH and bile acid, iii) role of cell surface proteins in adhering to intestinal epithelial cells, and iv) as a tool to answer basic cell functions. We have also reviewed various analytical methods used to carry out proteome analysis, in which 2D-MS and LC-MS/MS approaches were found to be versatile methods to perform high-throughput sample analyses even for a complex gut samples. Further, we present future road map of understanding gut microbes combining meta-proteomics, meta-genomics, meta-transcriptomics and -metabolomics.

Individuals with hematological malignancies and hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT) recipients are immunologically heterogenous groups with varying degrees of immunosuppression at increased risk of severe disease and mortality from SARS-CoV-2 infection. SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are key interventions to preventing severe COVID-19 and its complications. While these individuals were excluded from initial vaccine trials, there is now a growing body of acceptable safety and immunogenicity data among these individuals. A consistent signal for new or worsening graft versus host disease in allogeneic HCT recipients has not been demonstrated post-vaccination. Immunogenicity in these populations is variable depending on disease and treatment factors. However, serological responses may not accurately reflect vaccine protection as correlates of protection within these populations are not yet established. Large-scale studies powered to identify rare serious events, resolve differences in vaccine responses between different vaccination strategies, and identify immune correlates of protection within these populations are needed., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest N.H. received grant support from Sanofi and Quidel, and in addition, served as a consultant for Moderna., (Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Purpose: To examine the feasibility of constructing time-intensity (TI) curves from the intervillous space with an intravascular ultrasound contrast agent and computer assisted video densitometry., Study Design: We sedated nine pregnant baboons, optimized the grey scale and color Doppler images of their placentas, and then fixed the transducers in place. For each injection of contrast, we recorded images on videotape without changing the ultrasound image processing functions. Video images were captured using a Macintosh personal computer equipped with a video-capture board using image analysis software (Image 1.4, W Rasband, NIH). For each injection, we sampled digitized images of a fixed region of interest at regular intervals. After computing the mean video density of each image, we used the sampling frequency to construct TI curves depicting any change over time as the contrast agents washed into and out of the intervillous space., Results: Three of four agents tested produced changes in the video density of the placenta. TI curves were established using both grey scale and color Doppler signal augmentation. As expected, intra-arterial agents produced rapid accumulation and decay. Intravenous agents produced more protracted effects secondary to bolus dilution and transit through the right heart and pulmonary vascular bed., Conclusion: TI curves may be generated from the intervillous space with the use of a transpulmonary ultrasound contrast agent and video densitometry. If validated by further study, this may allow investigators to apply ultrasound and indicator-dilution theory to intervillous blood flow.