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3 results on '"Jordi Calderó"'

1. Cellular bases of the RNA metabolism dysfunction in motor neurons of a murine model of spinal muscular atrophy: Role of Cajal bodies and the nucleolus

Author

Olga Tapia, Josep Oriol Narcís, Javier Riancho, Olga Tarabal, Lídia Piedrafita, Jordi Calderó, Maria T. Berciano, and Miguel Lafarga

Subjects
Spinal muscular atrophy, Motor neurons, Cajal bodies, Nucleolar dysfunction, Protein synthesis machinery, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is caused by a homozygous deletion or mutation in the survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene that leads to reduced levels of SMN protein resulting in degeneration of motor neurons (MNs). The best known functions of SMN is the biogenesis of spliceosomal snRNPs. Linked to this function, Cajal bodies (CBs) are involved in the assembly of spliceosomal (snRNPs) and nucleolar (snoRNPs) ribonucleoproteins required for pre-mRNA and pre-rRNA processing. Recent studies support that the interaction between CBs and nucleoli, which are especially prominent in neurons, is essential for the nucleolar rRNA homeostasis.We use the SMN∆7 murine model of type I SMA to investigate the cellular basis of the dysfunction of RNA metabolism in MNs. SMN deficiency in postnatal MNs produces a depletion of functional CBs and relocalization of coilin, which is a scaffold protein of CBs, in snRNP-free perinucleolar caps or within the nucleolus. Disruption of CBs is the earliest nuclear sign of MN degeneration. We demonstrate that depletion of CBs, with loss of CB-nucleolus interactions, induces a progressive nucleolar dysfunction in ribosome biogenesis. It includes reorganization and loss of nucleolar transcription units, segregation of dense fibrillar and granular components, retention of SUMO-conjugated proteins in intranucleolar bodies and a reactive, compensatory, up-regulation of mature 18S rRNA and genes encoding key nucleolar proteins, such as upstream binding factor, fibrillarin, nucleolin and nucleophosmin.We propose that CB depletion and nucleolar alterations are essential components of the dysfunction of RNA metabolism in SMA.

Published
2017
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2. Cellular bases of the RNA metabolism dysfunction in motor neurons of a murine model of spinal muscular atrophy: Role of Cajal bodies and the nucleolus

Author

Javier Riancho, Olga Tarabal, Olga Tapia, Josep Oriol Narcís, Miguel Lafarga, Lídia Piedrafita, Jordi Calderó, and Maria T. Berciano

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Nucleolus, Blotting, Western, Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Ribosome biogenesis, Mice, Transgenic, SMN1, Biology, lcsh:RC321-571, Muscular Atrophy, Spinal, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Protein synthesis machinery, Animals, snRNP, Nucleolar dysfunction, lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, Motor neurons, Fibrillarin, Microscopy, Confocal, Nuclear Proteins, Cajal bodies, Spinal muscular atrophy, Cell biology, Disease Models, Animal, Microscopy, Electron, 030104 developmental biology, Animals, Newborn, Ribonucleoproteins, Spinal Cord, Neurology, Biochemistry, Cajal body, RNA, Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel, Coilin, Nucleolin, Cell Nucleolus, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is caused by a homozygous deletion or mutation in the survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene that leads to reduced levels of SMN protein resulting in degeneration of motor neurons (MNs). The best known functions of SMN is the biogenesis of spliceosomal snRNPs. Linked to this function, Cajal bodies (CBs) are involved in the assembly of spliceosomal (snRNPs) and nucleolar (snoRNPs) ribonucleoproteins required for pre-mRNA and pre-rRNA processing. Recent studies support that the interaction between CBs and nucleoli, which are especially prominent in neurons, is essential for the nucleolar rRNA homeostasis. We use the SMN∆7 murine model of type I SMA to investigate the cellular basis of the dysfunction of RNA metabolism in MNs. SMN deficiency in postnatal MNs produces a depletion of functional CBs and relocalization of coilin, which is a scaffold protein of CBs, in snRNP-free perinucleolar caps or within the nucleolus. Disruption of CBs is the earliest nuclear sign of MN degeneration. We demonstrate that depletion of CBs, with loss of CB-nucleolus interactions, induces a progressive nucleolar dysfunction in ribosome biogenesis. It includes reorganization and loss of nucleolar transcription units, segregation of dense fibrillar and granular components, retention of SUMO-conjugated proteins in intranucleolar bodies and a reactive, compensatory, up-regulation of mature 18S rRNA and genes encoding key nucleolar proteins, such as upstream binding factor, fibrillarin, nucleolin and nucleophosmin. We propose that CB depletion and nucleolar alterations are essential components of the dysfunction of RNA metabolism in SMA. This work was supported by the following grants: “Dirección General de Investigación” of Spain (BFU2014-54754-P), “Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED; CB06/05/0037)” from Spain, and “Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad” of Spain cofinanced by FEDER (SAF2015-70801-R). Dr. Tapia is a recipient of a grant from SMA Europe cofinanced by FundAME (Spain) and "Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla" (IDIVAL; Next-Val) from Santander, Spain.

Published
2017

3. Increased intramuscular nerve branching and inhibition of programmed cell death of chick embryo motoneurons by immunoglobulins from patients with motoneuron disease

Author

Carol Milligan, Ricardo Rojas, James B. Caress, Dolors Ciutat, Carles Solsona, Laura Texidó, David Prevette, Joan Blasi, Sara Hernández, Lídia Piedrafita, Mònica Povedano, Anna Casanovas, Isabel Illa, Ronald W. Oppenheim, Josep E. Esquerda, and Jordi Calderó

Subjects
Male, Proteomics, Serum, Statistics as Topic, Apoptosis, Chick Embryo, Semaphorins, Cerebrospinal fluid, Tubulin, Ganglia, Spinal, Chlorocebus aethiops, Immunology and Allergy, Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Cells, Cultured, Programmed cell death, Motor Neurons, Embryo, Motoneuron, Neurology, embryonic structures, Female, Antibody, animal structures, Cell Survival, Immunology, Growth Cones, Neuromuscular Junction, Immunoglobulins, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Biology, In Vitro Techniques, In ovo, Transfection, Statistics, Nonparametric, Andrology, Semaphorin, medicine, Animals, Humans, Motor Neuron Disease, Muscle, Skeletal, Analysis of Variance, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, medicine.disease, Embryonic stem cell, Molecular biology, Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization, biology.protein, Chick embryo, Neurology (clinical)
Abstract

Massive programmed cell death (PCD) of developing chick embryo motoneurons (MNs) occurs in a well defined temporal and spatial sequence between embryonic day (E) 6 and E10. We have found that, when administered in ovo, either circulating immunoglobulins G (IgGs) or cerebrospinal fluid from patients with MN disease can rescue a significant number of chick embryo MNs from normally occurring PCD. An increase of branching of intramuscular nerves was also observed that may account for the rescuing effects of pathologic IgGs. Proteomic analysis and further analysis by ELISA indicated that these effects may be mediated by the interaction of circulating human immunoglobulins with proteins of the semaphorin family. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Published
2010

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