29 results on '"John Phillips"'
Search Results
2. P144: Persistence of growth-promoting effects in children with achondroplasia up to 7 years: Update from phase 2 extension study with vosoritide
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Julie Hoover-Fong, Melita Irving, Carlos Bacino, Joel Charrow, Carlos Prada, Valerie Cormier-Daire, Lynda Polgreen, Paul Harmatz, Sajda Ghani, Elena Fisheleva, Andrea Low, Jonathan Day, John Phillips, III, and Ravi Savarirayan
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Genetics ,QH426-470 ,Medicine - Published
- 2024
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3. P818: Data from electronic healthcare records expands our understanding of X-linked genetic diseases
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Rory Tinker, Lisa Bastarache, Kimberly Ezell, Serena Neumann, Yutaka Furuta, Karee Morgan, and John Phillips
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Genetics ,QH426-470 ,Medicine - Published
- 2024
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4. O22: A randomized controlled trial of vosoritide in infants and toddlers with achondroplasia
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Carlos Bacino, Ravi Savarirayan, William Wilcox, Paul Harmatz, John Phillips, Lynda Polgreen, Louise Tofts, Keiichi Ozono, Paul Arundel, Melita Irving, Donald Basel, Michael Bober, Joel Charrow, Hiroshi Mochizuki, Yumiko Kotani, Howard Saal, George Jeha, Lynn Han, Elena Fisheleva, Alice Huntsman-Labed, and Jonathan Day
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Genetics ,QH426-470 ,Medicine - Published
- 2023
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5. P194: Persistence of growth promoting effects in children with achondroplasia over seven years: Update from phase II extension study with vosoritide
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Julie Hoover-Fong, Melita Irving, Carlos Bacino, Joel Charrow, Valérie Cormier-Daire, Lynda Polgreen, Paul Harmatz, Alice Huntsman-Labed, Elena Fisheleva, Ian Sabir, Jonathan Day, John Phillips, and Ravi Savarirayan
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Genetics ,QH426-470 ,Medicine - Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. New onset urinary incontinence in a pediatric patient with transverse myelitis
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Eitan Glucksman, Carlos Medina, John Phillips, Richard Schlussel, and Suzanne Glucksman
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Transverse myelitis ,Urinary incontinence ,Pediatric transverse myelitis ,Urologic transverse myelitis ,Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 - Abstract
Transverse myelitis is an inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord that can present with a wide array of lower urinary tract symptoms including urinary retention, frequency, urgency, and urge incontinence.We report a case of a 15 year old male with new onset urinary incontinence who initially presented to the urologist and was subsequently diagnosed with transverse myelitis.
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- 2023
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7. Epididymal leiomyoadenomatoid tumor: A case report of a rare benign paratesticular mass
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Jason Elyaguov, Grigori Vaserman, Eitan Glucksman, Gerald Matthews, and John Phillips
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Oncology ,Testicular mass ,Epididymal mass ,Leiomyoadenomatoid tumor ,Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 - Abstract
Primary tumors of the epididymis are rare and commonly benign in nature. Leiomyoadenomatoid tumors are a rare subvariant of adenomatoid tumors that combines features of leiomyomas. Tumor histology is notable for tubular spaces lined by mesothelial cells with a proliferative spindle cell component. To the best of our knowledge, few cases have been reported in the literature. We report a case of leiomyoadenomatoid tumor in a 58-year-old male.
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- 2023
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8. Ectopic hepatocellular carcinoma presenting as a right adrenal mass with IVC thrombus: Case report and review of the literature
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Nancy Wei, Vincent Wong, Ariana Matz, Lakshmisree Akhila Vemulakonda, Xiaotong Wang, and John Phillips
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Adrenalectomy ,Tumor thrombus ,Hepatocellular carcinoma ,Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 - Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) arises from several different etiologies and carries a poor prognosis. Extrahepatic metastases of HCC are most frequently found in the lungs, lymph nodes, and bones, with adrenal metastases reported in less than 15% of metastatic cases. Herein, we report a case of a 71-year-old man without prior liver disease who presented with a 9-cm right adrenal mass extending into the IVC consistent with HCC on subsequent surgical pathology and immunohistochemical staining. Etiological possibilities for an adrenal tumor as the first presentation of HCC include metastasis from occult primary liver HCC, intra-adrenal hepatic heterotopia, and adrenohepatic fusion.
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- 2022
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- View/download PDF
9. The effects of water injection dredging on low-salinity estuarine ecosystems: Implications for fish and macroinvertebrate communities
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Andrew G. Pledger, Philip Brewin, Kate L. Mathers, John Phillips, Paul J. Wood, and Dapeng Yu
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Dredging effects ,Water injection dredging ,Macroinvertebrate ,Fish ,Estuarine ecology ,Estuary ,Ecology ,QH540-549.5 - Abstract
Subaqueous dredging is a management activity undertaken globally to improve navigation, remove contaminants, mitigate flood risk and/or generate aggregate. Water Injection Dredging (WID) is a hydrodynamic technique involving the turbation and downstream displacement of fine sediments using vessel-mounted water jets. Despite the technique being widely applied internationally, the environmental and ecological effects of WID are poorly understood. For the first time, this study used a Before-After-Control-Impact (BACI) experimental design to assess the effects of WID on water physicochemistry, and macroinvertebrate and fish communities within a 5.7 km-long reach of tidal river. WID targeted the central channel (thalweg) to avoid disturbance of the channel margins and banks. Mean but not peak turbidity levels were substantially elevated, and dissolved oxygen levels were reduced during periods of WID, although effects were relatively short-lived (≈3 h on average). Dredging resulted in significant reductions in benthic macroinvertebrate community abundance (particularly taxa that burrow into fine sediments), taxonomic richness and diversity. In contrast, minor changes were detected in marginal macroinvertebrate communities within and downstream of the dredged reach following WID. Reductions in fish taxonomic richness and diversity were recorded downstream of the dredged reach most likely due to behavioural avoidance of the sediment plume. No visibly stressed or dead fish were sampled during dredging. Results suggest that mobile organisms and marginal communities were largely unaffected by thalweg WID and that the technique represents a more ecologically sensitive alternative to traditional channel margin mechanical dredging techniques.
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- 2021
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10. Destructive domino: Subcutaneous self-implanted penile foreign body implicated in rule-out penile fracture
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Jason Elyaguov, Gerald Matthews, and John Phillips
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Penile foreign body ,Penile fracture ,Penile cellulitis ,Penile hematoma ,Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 - Abstract
41-year-old male presented with significant penile swelling following sexual intercourse. Two years earlier while incarcerated, the patient self-inserted a 1.5 cm subcutaneous penile foreign body (FB) made from a domino piece. An original concern for penile fracture was successfully ruled out by penile ultrasound, and computed tomography ruled out deep infection. Bloodwork otherwise revealed leukocytosis, and the patient was admitted for intravenous antibiotics and observation. Penile cellulitis and hematoma clinically improved, and the FB did not require removal. At 18 month follow up, the patient maintains normal urological and sexual function.
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- 2020
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11. Feasibility of cellular bioenergetics as a biomarker in porphyria patients
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Balu Chacko, Matilda Lillian Culp, Joseph Bloomer, John Phillips, Yong-Fang Kuo, Victor Darley-Usmar, and Ashwani K. Singal
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Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Porphyria is a group of metabolic disorders due to altered enzyme activities within the heme biosynthetic pathway. It is a systemic disease with multiple potential contributions to mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Recently, it has become possible to measure mitochondrial function from cells isolated from peripheral blood (cellular bioenergetics) using the XF96 analyzer (Seahorse Bioscience). Mitochondrial respiration in these cells is measured with the addition of activators and inhibitors of respiration. The output is measured as the O2 consumption rate (OCR) at basal conditions, ATP linked, proton leak, maximal, reserve capacity, non-mitochondrial, and oxidative burst. We performed cellular bioenergetics on 22 porphyria (12 porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT), seven acute hepatic porphyria (AHP), and three erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP)) patients and 18 age and gender matched healthy controls. Of porphyria cases, eight were active (2 PCT, 1 EPP, and 5 AHP) and 14 in biochemical remission. The OCR were decreased in patients compared to healthy controls. The bioenergetic profile was significantly lower when measuring proton leak and the non-mitochondrial associated OCR in the eight active porphyria patients when compared to 18 healthy controls. In conclusion, we demonstrate that the bioenergetic profile and mitochondrial activities assessed in porphyria patients and is different than in healthy control individuals. Further, our novel preliminary findings suggest the existence of a mitochondrial dysfunction in porphyria and this may be used as potential non-invasive biomarker for disease activity. This needs to be assessed with a systematic examination in a larger patient cohort. Studies are also suggested to examine mitochondrial metabolism as basis to understand mechanisms of these findings and deriving mitochondrial based therapies for porphyria. Keywords: PCT, AIP, AHP, Protoporphyria, Mitochondrial
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- 2019
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12. Reactivating Fetal Hemoglobin Expression in Human Adult Erythroblasts Through BCL11A Knockdown Using Targeted Endonucleases
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Carmen F Bjurström, Michelle Mojadidi, John Phillips, Caroline Kuo, Stephen Lai, Georgia R Lill, Aaron Cooper, Michael Kaufman, Fabrizia Urbinati, Xiaoyan Wang, Roger P Hollis, and Donald B Kohn
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zinc finger nucleases ,TALENs ,CRISPR/Cas9 ,nonhomologous end joining ,BCL11A ,fetal hemoglobin ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
We examined the efficiency, specificity, and mutational signatures of zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcriptional activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/Cas9 systems designed to target the gene encoding the transcriptional repressor BCL11A, in human K562 cells and human CD34+ progenitor cells. ZFNs and TALENs were delivered as in vitro transcribed mRNA through electroporation; CRISPR/Cas9 was codelivered by Cas9 mRNA with plasmid-encoded guideRNA (gRNA) (pU6.g1) or in vitro transcribed gRNA (gR.1). Analyses of efficacy revealed that for these specific reagents and the delivery methods used, the ZFNs gave rise to more allelic disruption in the targeted locus compared to the TALENs and CRISPR/Cas9, which was associated with increased levels of fetal hemoglobin in erythroid cells produced in vitro from nuclease-treated CD34+ cells. Genome-wide analysis to evaluate the specificity of the nucleases revealed high specificity of this specific ZFN to the target site, while specific TALENs and CRISPRs evaluated showed off-target cleavage activity. ZFN gene-edited CD34+ cells had the capacity to engraft in NOD-PrkdcSCID-IL2Rγnull mice, while retaining multi-lineage potential, in contrast to TALEN gene-edited CD34+ cells. CRISPR engraftment levels mirrored the increased relative plasmid-mediated toxicity of pU6.g1/Cas9 in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs), highlighting the value for the further improvements of CRISPR/Cas9 delivery in primary human HSPCs.
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- 2016
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13. Comprehensive evaluation of isoprenoid biosynthesis regulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae utilizing the Genome Reporter Matrix™
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Dago Dimster-Denk, Jasper Rine, John Phillips, Stewart Scherer, Paige Cundiff, Kristin DeBord, Doug Gilliland, Scott Hickman, Amy Jarvis, Lisa Tong, and Matthew Ashby
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isoprenoid pathway regulation ,genome expression profiling ,Saccharomyces cerevisiae ,Biochemistry ,QD415-436 - Abstract
Gene expression profiling is rapidly becoming a mainstay of functional genomic studies. However, there have been relatively few studies of how the data from expression profiles integrate with more classic approaches to examine gene expression. This study used gene expression profiling of a portion of the genome of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to explore the impact of blocks in the isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway on the expression of genes and the regulation of this pathway. Approximately 50% of the genes whose expression was altered by blocks in isoprenoid biosynthesis were genes previously known to participate in the pathway. In contrast to this simple correspondence, the regulatory patterns revealed by different blocks, and in particular by antifungal azoles, was complex in a manner not anticipated by earlier studies.—Dimster-Denk, D., J. Rine, J. Phillips, S. Scherer, P. Cundiff, K. DeBord, D. Gilliland, S. Hickman, A. Jarvis, L. Tong, and M. Ashby. Comprehensive evaluation of isoprenoid biosynthesis regulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae utilizing the Genome Reproter Matrix™. J. Lipid Res. 1999. 40: 850–860.
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- 1999
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14. Ectopic hepatocellular carcinoma presenting as a right adrenal mass with IVC thrombus: Case report and review of the literature
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Lakshmisree Akhila Vemulakonda, John Phillips, Nancy Wei, Ariana Matz, Xiaotong Wang, and Vincent Wong
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Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Hepatocellular carcinoma ,Urology ,Adrenalectomy ,medicine.medical_treatment ,medicine.disease ,Occult ,digestive system diseases ,Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,Metastasis ,Tumor thrombus ,Surgical pathology ,Liver disease ,Oncology ,Medicine ,Immunohistochemistry ,RC870-923 ,Thrombus ,business ,neoplasms - Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) arises from several different etiologies and carries a poor prognosis. Extrahepatic metastases of HCC are most frequently found in the lungs, lymph nodes, and bones, with adrenal metastases reported in less than 15% of metastatic cases. Herein, we report a case of a 71-year-old man without prior liver disease who presented with a 9-cm right adrenal mass extending into the IVC consistent with HCC on subsequent surgical pathology and immunohistochemical staining. Etiological possibilities for an adrenal tumor as the first presentation of HCC include metastasis from occult primary liver HCC, intra-adrenal hepatic heterotopia, and adrenohepatic fusion.
- Published
- 2022
15. Neurologic Examination of the Older Child
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Kenneth F. Swaiman and John Phillips
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Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Older child ,Medicine ,business - Published
- 2017
16. Contributors
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Gregory S. Aaen, Nicholas Scott Abend, Amal Abou-Hamden, Jeffrey C. Allen, Anthony A. Amato, Catherine Amlie-Lefond, Stephen Ashwal, Russell C. Bailey, James F. Bale, Brenda Banwell, Kristin W. Barañano, A. James Barkovich, Richard J. Barohn, Ute K. Bartels, Brenda Bartnik-Olson, Ori Barzilai, Alexander Bassuk, David R. Bearden, Liat Ben-Sira, Timothy J. Bernard, Elizabeth Berry-Kravis, Lauren A. Beslow, Jaclyn A. Biegel, Lori Billinghurst, Angela K. Birnbaum, Joanna S. Blackburn, Nuala Bobowski, Adrienne Boire, Carsten G. Bönnemann, Sonia L. Bonifacio, Daniel J. Bonthius, Breck Borcherding, Brian R. Branchford, John Brandsema, Kathryn M. Brennan, J. Nicholas Brenton, Amy R. Brooks-Kayal, Lawrence W. Brown, Jeffrey Buchalter, Carol S. Camfield, Peter R. Camfield, Cristina Campoy, Jessica L. Carpenter, Taeun Chang, Vann Chau, Susan N. Chi, Claudia A. Chiriboga, Yoon-Jae Cho, Cindy W. Christian, Nicholas Chrestian, Maria Roberta Cilio, Robin D. Clark, Bruce H. Cohen, Ronald D. Cohn, Anne M. Connolly, Todd Constable, Shlomi Constantini, Jeannine M. Conway, David L. Coulter, Tina M. Cowan, Russell C. Dale, Benjamin Darbro, Basil T. Darras, Jahannaz Dastgir, Linda De Meirleir, Darryl C. De Vivo, Linda S. de Vries, Jeremy K. Deisch, Paul Deltenre, Jay Desai, Maria Descartes, Gabrielle deVeber, Sameer C. Dhamne, Jullianne Diaz, Salvatore DiMauro, William B. Dobyns, Dan Doherty, Elizabeth J. Donner, Nico U.F. Dosenbach, James J. Dowling, James M. Drake, Cecile Ejerskov, Andrew G. Engel, Gregory M. Enns, María Victoria Escolano-Margarit, Iris Etzion, S. Ali Fatemi, Darcy L. Fehlings, Michelle Lauren Feinberg, Donna M. Ferriero, Pauline A. Filipek, Richard S. Finkel, Paul G. Fisher, Kevin Flanigan, Nicholas K. Foreman, Israel Franco, Yitzchak Frank, Douglas R. Fredrick, Hudson H. Freeze, Cristina Fuente-Mora, Joseph M. Furman, Renata C. Gallagher, Catherine Garel, Emily Gertsch, Donald L. Gilbert, Elizabeth E. Gilles, Christopher C. Giza, Carol A. Glaser, Hannah C. Glass, Tracy Glauser, Joseph Glykys, Amy Goldstein, Hernan Dario Gonorazky, Rodolfo Gonzalez, Howard P. Goodkin, John M. Graham, Alexander L. Greninger, Gary Gronseth, Andrea L. Gropman, Richard Grundy, Renzo Guerrini, Nalin Gupta, Jin S. Hahn, Milton H. Hamblin, Abeer J. Hani, Sharyu Hanmantgad, Mary J. Harbert, Chellamani Harini, Andrea M. Harriott, Chad Heatwole, Andrew D. Hershey, Deborah G. Hirtz, Gregory L. Holmes, Barbara A. Holshouser, Kathleen A. Hurwitz, Eugene Hwang, Rebecca N. Ichord, Paymaan Jafar-Nejad, Sejal V. Jain, Lori Jordan, Marielle A. Kabbouche, Joanne Kacperski, Peter B. Kang, Matthias A. Kariannis, Horacio Kaufmann, Harper L. Kaye, Robert Keating, Colin R. Kennedy, Yasmin Khakoo, Adam Kirton, John T. Kissel, Kelly G. Knupp, Bruce R. Korf, Eric H. Kossoff, Sanjeev V. Kothare, Oren Kupfer, W. Curt LaFrance, Beatrice Latal, Steven M. Leber, Jean-Pyo Lee, Ilo E. Leppik, Tally Lerman-Sagie, Jason T. Lerner, Richard J. Leventer, Daniel J. Licht, Uta Lichter-Konecki, Zvi Lidar, Djin Gie Liem, Tobias Loddenkemper, Roger K. Long, Quyen N. Luc, Mark Mackay, Annette Majnemer, Naila Makhani, Gustavo Malinger, David E. Mandelbaum, Stephen M. Maricich, Kiran P. Maski, Mudit Mathur, Dennis J. Matthews, Kelly McMahon, Megan B. DeMara-Hoth, Bryce Mendelsohn, Julie A. Mennella, Laura R. Ment, Eugenio Mercuri, David J. Michelson, Mohamad A. Mikati, Fady M. Mikhail, Steven Paul Miller, Jeff M. Milunsky, Jonathan W. Mink, Ghayda M. Mirzaa, Wendy G. Mitchell, Michael A. Mohan, Payam Mohassel, Mahendranath Moharir, Umrao R. Monani, Michelle Monje Deisseroth, Manikum Moodley, Andrew Mower, Richard T. Moxley, Sabine Mueller, Alysson R. Muotri, Sandesh C.S. Nagamani, Mohan J. Narayanan, Vinodh Narayanan, Ruth D. Nass, Jeffrey L. Neul, Yoram Nevo, Bobby G. Ng, Katherine C. Nickels, Graeme A.M. Nimmo, Michael J. Noetzel, Lucy Norcliffe-Kaufmann, Douglas R. Nordli, Ulrike Nowak-Göttl, Hope L. O'Brien, Joyce Oleszek, Maryam Oskoui, Alex R. Paciorkowski, Roger J. Packer, Seymour Packman, Jose-Alberto Palma, Andrea C. Pardo, Julie A. Parsons, John Colin Partridge, Gregory M. Pastores, Marc C. Patterson, William J. Pearce, Phillip L. Pearl, Melanie Penner, Leila Percival, Marcia Pereira, Stefan M. Pfister, John Phillips, Barbara Plecko, Sigita Plioplys, Annapurna Poduri, Sharon Poisson, Scott L. Pomeroy, Andrea Poretti, Scott W. Powers, Michael R. Pranzatelli, Allison Przekop, Malcolm Rabie, Sampathkumar Rangasamy, Gerald V. Raymond, Alyssa T. Reddy, Rebecca L. Rendleman, Jong M. Rho, Lance H. Rodan, Sarah M. Roddy, Elizabeth E. Rogers, Stephen M. Rosenthal, N. Paul Rosman, M. Elizabeth Ross, Alexander Rotenberg, Robert S. Rust, Cheryl P. Sanchez, Pedro Sanchez, Iván Sánchez Fernández, Tristan T. Sands, Terence D. Sanger, Kumar Sannagowdara, Dustin Scheinost, Mark S. Scher, Nina F. Schor, Isabelle Schrauwen, Michael M. Segal, Syndi Seinfeld, Duygu Selcen, Laurie E. Seltzer, Margaret Semrud-Clikeman, Dennis W. Shaw, Bennett A. Shaywitz, Sally E. Shaywitz, Renée A. Shellhaas, Elliott H. Sherr, Rita D. Sheth, Michael I. Shevell, Shlomo Shinnar, Ben Shofty, Stanford K. Shu, Michael E. Shy, Laura Silveira Moriyama, Nicholas J. Silvestri, Katherine B. Sims, Harvey S. Singer, Nilika Shah Singhal, Craig M. Smith, Edward Smith, Stephen A. Smith, Evan Y. Snyder, Janet Soul, Christy L. Spalink, Karen A. Spencer, Carl E. Stafstrom, Robert Steinfeld, Jonathan B. Strober, Joseph Sullivan, Kenneth F. Swaiman, Kathryn J. Swoboda, Elizabeth D. Tate, William O. Tatum, Ingrid Tein, Kristyn Tekulve, Jeffrey R. Tenney, Elizabeth A. Thiele, Robert Thompson-Stone, Laura Tochen, Laura M. Tormoehlen, Lily Tran, Doris A. Trauner, Sinan O. Turnacioglu, Nicole J. Ullrich, David K. Urion, Guy Van Camp, Michèle Van Hirtum-Das, Clara D.M. van Karnebeek, Lionel Van Maldergem, Adeline Vanderver, Nicholas A. Vitanza, Michael von Rhein, Emily von Scheven, Ann Wagner, Mark S. Wainwright, Melissa A. Walker, John T. Walkup, Laurence Walsh, Lauren C. Walters-Sen, Raymond Y. Wang, Thomas T. Warner, Harry T. Whelan, Geoffrey A. Weinberg, Elizabeth M. Wells, James W. Wheless, Elaine C. Wirrell, Jeffrey H. Wisoff, Nicole I. Wolf, Gil I. Wolfe, F. Virginia Wright, Nathaniel D. Wycliffe, Michele L. Yang, Christopher J. Yuskaitis, Huda Y. Zoghbi, and Mary L. Zupanc
- Published
- 2017
17. Muscular Tone and Gait Disturbances
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Kenneth F. Swaiman and John Phillips
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03 medical and health sciences ,Tone (musical instrument) ,medicine.medical_specialty ,0302 clinical medicine ,Gait Disturbance ,business.industry ,010102 general mathematics ,Medicine ,0101 mathematics ,Audiology ,business ,01 natural sciences ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Published
- 2017
18. Neurologic Examination after the Newborn Period Until 2 Years of Age
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Kenneth F. Swaiman and John Phillips
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Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Period (gene) ,Medicine ,business - Published
- 2017
19. Neurologic Examination of the Term and Preterm Infant
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John Phillips and Kenneth F. Swaiman
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Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Medicine ,business ,Term (time) - Published
- 2017
20. Other major current systems
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Dave Rothery, Evelyn Brown, John Wright, Angela Colling, Dave Park, and John Phillips
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Gulf Stream ,Oceanography ,Geography ,Climatology ,Ocean current ,Equatorial waves ,Thermohaline circulation ,Indian Ocean Dipole ,Physical oceanography ,Ocean heat content ,Boundary current - Abstract
This chapter explores the equatorial systems, and the contrasting patterns of ocean circulation in northern and southern polar/subpolar regions. The chapter also shows how the natural oscillation of the North Atlantic atmosphere and ocean appears quite subdued when compared with that of the more closely coupled atmosphere and ocean of the Tropical Pacific. The major components of equatorial current systems are westward flowing North and South Equatorial currents, one or more eastward flowing counter-currents, and an eastward flowing Equatorial undercurrent, which is generally centered on the Equator.. The equatorial current system is best developed in the Pacific Ocean, where the surface waters are under the cumulative influence of the prevailing Trade Winds over the greatest distances. The winds over the Indian Ocean change seasonally as a result of the differential heating of the ocean and the Asian landmass. The most dramatic seasonal change in the surface circulation of the Indian Ocean is the reversal of the Somali Current, which flows south-westwards during the North-East Monsoon but is a major western boundary current during the South-West Monsoon. The Agulhas Current is the next most powerful western boundary current, second only to the Gulf Stream. Similarly, the major current feature of the Southern Ocean is the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC), which, by virtue of its great depth, has an enormous volume transport.
- Published
- 2001
21. Ocean currents
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Angela Colling, Dave Park, John Wright, Evelyn Brown, John Phillips, and Dave Rothery
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Physics::Fluid Dynamics ,Geostrophic current ,Eddy ,Ocean current ,Wind stress ,Mean flow ,Mechanics ,Pressure-gradient force ,Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics ,Geostrophic wind ,Wind speed ,Geology - Abstract
Publisher Summary The global surface current pattern to some extent reflects the surface wind field, but ocean currents are constrained by continental boundaries, and current systems are often characterized by gyral circulations. Maps of wind and current flows of necessity represent average conditions only; at any one time the actual flow at a given point might be markedly different from that shown. The frictional force caused by the action of wind on the sea-surface is known as the wind stress. Its magnitude is proportional to the square of the wind speed, which is also affected by the roughness of the sea-surface and conditions in the overlying atmosphere. Wind stress acting on the sea-surface generates motion in the form of waves and currents. The surface current is typically 3% of the wind speed. Motion is transmitted downwards through frictional coupling caused by turbulence. The currents that result when the horizontal pressure gradient force is balanced by the Coriolis force are known as geostrophic currents. The ocean is full of eddies. They originate from perturbations in the mean flow, and their formation has the overall effect of transferring energy from the mean flow. Current flow around most mesoscale eddies is in approximate geostrophic equilibrium. They are known to form from meanders in intense frontal regions like the Gulf Stream and the Antarctic Circumpolar Current
- Published
- 2001
22. Introduction
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Evelyn Brown, Angela Colling, Dave Park, John Phillips, Dave Rothery, and John Wright
- Published
- 2001
23. The atmosphere and the ocean
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John Phillips, Dave Rothery, Angela Colling, Dave Park, Evelyn Brown, and John Wright
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Atmosphere ,Warm front ,Geography ,Prevailing winds ,Global wind patterns ,Anticyclone ,Atmospheric circulation ,Climatology ,Intertropical Convergence Zone ,Hadley cell ,Atmospheric sciences - Abstract
Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the atmosphere and the ocean. The global wind system acts to redistribute heat between low and high latitudes. Winds blow from regions of high pressure to regions of low pressure, but they are also affected by the Coriolis force, to an extent that increases with increasing latitude. Because of the differing thermal capacities of continental masses and oceans, wind patterns are greatly influenced by the geographical distribution of land and sea. In mid-latitudes, the predominant weather systems are cyclones and anticyclones. At low latitudes, the atmospheric circulation consists essentially of the spiral Hadley cells, of which the trade winds form the lowermost limb. The Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), where the wind systems of the two hemispheres meet, is generally associated with the zone of maximum sea-surface temperature in the vicinity of the Equator. Heat is transported polewards in the atmosphere as a result of warm air moving into cooler latitudes. The ocean influences the atmosphere by affecting its moisture content, and hence its stability. Sea-surface temperatures influence the intensity of the Hadley circulation, and the position of ITCZ generally corresponds to the zone where sea-surface temperatures are the highest. The chapter concentrates on phenomena resulting from atmosphere–ocean interaction in the tropics where the two fluid systems are most closely “coupled.”
- Published
- 2001
24. The north atlantic gyre
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Dave Rothery, John Wright, Angela Colling, Dave Park, John Phillips, and Evelyn Brown
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Gulf Stream ,Latitude of the Gulf Stream and the Gulf Stream north wall index ,Caribbean island ,Geography ,Oceanography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Ocean gyre ,South american ,Mainland ,Nor'easter ,Trade wind - Abstract
This Chapter uses the example of the North Atlantic gyral current system, the Gulf Stream in particular, to introduce some actual observations and measurements, and to explore some of the ideas and theories that have been put forward to explain them. The North Atlantic is the most studied—and most theorized-about—area of ocean in the world. The earliest surviving reference to the Gulf Stream was made by the Spaniard Ponce de Leon in 1513. Peter Martyr of Angheira used the necessity for conservation of mass to argue that the Gulf Stream must result from the deflection of the North Equatorial Current by the American mainland. The first authoritative chart of the Gulf Stream was made by William Gerard De Brahm, an immensely productive scientist and surveyor. Franklin, who had observed the effect of wind on shallow bodies of water, believed that the Trade Winds caused water to pile up against the South American coast: the head of pressure so caused resulted in a strong current flowing “downhill” through the Caribbean islands into the Gulf of Mexico, and out through the Straits of Florida. Over the course of many centuries ships have crossed and recrossed it. The effects of currents on sailing times became well known, and no current was more renowned than the Gulf Stream. The Gulf Stream also fascinated natural philosophers, both because of the mystery of its very existence and because of the benign influence it appeared to have on the European climate.
- Published
- 2001
25. Global fluxes and the deep circulation
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Evelyn Brown, John Wright, Angela Colling, Dave Park, John Phillips, and Dave Rothery
- Subjects
Weddell Sea Bottom Water ,Water mass ,Oceanography ,Antarctic Bottom Water ,Antarctic Intermediate Water ,Circumpolar deep water ,North Atlantic Deep Water ,Deep ocean water ,Thermohaline circulation ,Geology - Abstract
This Chapter is about the three-dimensional circulation of the oceans. The chapter considers conditions at the sea surface, because it is there that the cold, dense waters of the deep ocean originate. The temperature of surface water is determined by the relative sizes of the different terms in the oceanic heat budget equation; the salinity is determined by the balance between evaporation and precipitation and, at high latitudes, by the freezing and melting of ice. The formation of ice at the sea surface greatly influences the local heat budget; in particular, it leads to an increase in the albedo and a substantial decrease in radiation gain ( Q s ) while radiation loss ( Q b ) is not much affected. The principle of conservation of salt, combined with the principle of continuity, may be used to make deductions about the volume transports into and out of semienclosed bodies of water or, alternatively about the evaporation–precipitation balance in the region concerned. The most extensive intermediate water mass is Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW), which forms in the Antarctic Polar Frontal Zone. North Atlantic Deep Water is formed in winter, mainly through cooling of surface waters and ice formation in the Greenland Sea. Antarctic Bottom Water is the most widespread water mass in the oceans. The deep water mass with the largest volume is Pacific and Indian Ocean Common Water.
- Published
- 2001
26. IN-SERVICE TRAINING FOR RESIDENTIAL WORK
- Author
-
Yvonne Davies and John Phillips
- Subjects
Service (business) ,Knowledge management ,Social work ,business.industry ,Process (engineering) ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Public relations ,Task (project management) ,Work (electrical) ,Agency (sociology) ,Medicine ,Job satisfaction ,business ,Function (engineering) ,media_common - Abstract
Publisher Summary This chapter reviews the importance of an in-service training for residential work. As training can show no immediate return to the organization in the form of improved commercial prospects, its place on the priority list of activities is lowered. Indeed, social service agencies sometimes consider whether they need to train at all. Therefore, training must first give the staff the basic personal equipment for their job, and shall later refresh and update knowledge and practical skills. It provides the staff with opportunities for improving job satisfaction because of greater understanding and it opens up new possibilities of career enhancement. For the agency, it provides opportunities to communicate expected standards of good practice and an understanding of agency function. Training is a part of the process of management by which anyone who delegates a task to someone else tries to ensure that the person has the knowledge, skills, and attitudes necessary to carry out the task.
- Published
- 1980
27. Effects of Fire in Forest and Savanna Ecosystems of Sub-Saharan Africa
- Author
-
John Phillips
- Subjects
Sub saharan ,Geography ,Agroforestry ,Ecosystem ,Forestry ,Fire ecology - Published
- 1974
28. The formation of orthogonal joint systems and cuboidal blocks: New insights gained from flat-lying limestone beds in the region of Havre-Saint-Pierre (Quebec, Canada)
- Author
-
Shaocheng Ji, Yvéric Rousseau, Denis Marcotte, and Noah John Phillips
- Subjects
Plato's cuboids ,Orthogonal joints ,Fracture spacing ,Limestone ,Layered rock mechanics ,Appalachian geology ,Engineering geology. Rock mechanics. Soil mechanics. Underground construction ,TA703-712 - Abstract
Vertical orthogonal joints are a common feature in shallow crustal rocks. There are several competing theories for their formation despite the ubiquity. We examined the exceptional exposures of orthogonal joints in flat-lying Ordovician limestone beds from the Havre-Saint-Pierre Region in Quebec, Canada (north shore of Saint-Lawrence River) to test conceptual models of joint formation in a natural setting. In the region, the spacing of cross-joints is consistently larger than the spacing of systematic joints by a factor of 1.5 approximately. The joint-spacing-to-bed-thickness ratios (s/t) are much larger in these beds (s/t = 4.3 for systematic joints, and 6.4 for cross-joints) than those in higher strained strata along the south shore of the Saint-Lawrence River (s/t = 1), highlighting the effect of tectonic strain in decreasing fracture spacing and block size. The high values of s/t indicate that cross-joint formation was unlikely caused by a switch from compression to tension once a critical s/t ratio for systematic joints was reached (as hypothesized in previous studies). We proposed a new model for the formation of orthogonal joint systems where the principal stress axes locally switch during the formation of systematic fractures. The presence of ladder-shaped orthogonal joints suggests a state of effective stress with σ1∗≫0 > σ2∗>σ3∗ and where σ2∗-σ3∗ is within the range of fracture strength variability at the time of fracture. This research provides a new mechanical model for the formation of orthogonal joint systems and cuboidal blocks.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia causing obstructive hydrocephalus and cerebellar edema due to fourth ventricular obstruction
- Author
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Abdurrahman Raeiq, Sharon Lee, Neville Knuckey, Stephen Honeybul, and TImothy John Phillips
- Subjects
Cerebral dolichoectasia ,Obstructive Hydrocephalus ,Fourth ventricle ,Surgery ,RD1-811 ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Cerebral dolichoectasia is an angiopathy involved in a variety of clinical presentations. Patients can rarely present with hydrocephalus as a result of ectatic vessels. We report the case of a 49-year-old male with cerebral dolichoectasia who presented with rare complications of obstructive hydrocephalus, and to our knowledge, a previously unreported cause of fourth ventricular obstruction and cerebellar edema. He represented a diagnostic challenge and after a prolonged admission he was treated successfully with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. The underlying causes and rarity of diagnosis of cerebral dolichoectasia remain a significant barrier in the optimal treatment of patients as they are often treated for their immediate clinical problem with no definitive treatment for the underlying pathology.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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