294 results on '"Itoh, M."'
Search Results
2. Candidates for the 5 Condensed State in Ne
- Author
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Adachi, S., Fujikawa, Y., Kawabata, T., Akimune, H., Doi, T., Furuno, T., Harada, T., Inaba, K., Ishida, S., Itoh, M., Iwamoto, C., Kobayashi, N., Maeda, Y., Matsuda, Y., Murata, M., Okamoto, S., Sakaue, A., Sekiya, R., Tamii, A., and Tsumura, M.
- Abstract
We conducted the coincidence measurement of α particles inelastically scattered from $^{20}$Ne at 0° and decay charged particles in order to search for the alpha-particle condensed state. We compared the measured excitation-energy spectrum and decay branching ratio with the statistical-decay-model calculations, and found that the newly observed states at Ex=23.6, 21.8, and 21.2 MeV in $^{20}$Ne are strongly coupled to a candidate for the 4α condensed state in $^{16}$O. This result presents the first strong evidence that these states are the candidates for the 5α condensed state.
- Published
- 2021
3. First experimental determination of the radiative-decay probability of the State in C for estimating the triple alpha reaction rate in high temperature environments
- Author
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Tsumura, M., Kawabata, T., Takahashi, Y., Adachi, S., Akimune, H., Ashikaga, S., Baba, T., Fujikawa, Y., Fujimura, H., Fujioka, H., Furuno, T., Hashimoto, T., Harada, T., Ichikawa, M., Inaba, K., Ishii, Y., Itagaki, N., Itoh, M., Iwamoto, C., Kobayashi, N., Koshikawa, A., Kubono, S., Maeda, Y., Matsuda, Y., Matsumoto, S., Miki, K., Morimoto, T., Murata, M., Nanamura, T., Ou, I., Sakaguchi, S., Sakaue, A., Sferrazza, M., Suzuki, K.N., Takeda, T., Tamii, A., Watanabe, K., Watanabe, Y.N., Yoshida, H.P., and Zenihiro, J.
- Abstract
The triple alpha reaction is one of the most important reactions in the nuclear astrophysics. However, its reaction rate in high temperature environments at T9> 2 was still uncertain. One of the major origins of the uncertainty was that the radiative-decay probability of the 31− state in $^{12}$C was unknown. In the present work, we have determined the radiative-decay probability of the 31− state to be 1.3−1.1+1.2×10−6 by measuring the $^{1}$H($^{12}$C,$^{12}$Cp) reaction for the first time, and derived the triple alpha reaction rate in high temperature environments from the measured radiative-decay probability. The present result suggests that the 31− state noticeably enhances the triple alpha reaction rate although the contribution from the 31− state had been assumed to be small.
- Published
- 2021
4. Quadrupole Corona Discharge Ammonia Radical Shower Non-Thernmal Plasma System For Combustion Flue Gas Treatments And Conversion To Useful Products
- Author
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Chang, J.S., primary, Urashima, K., additional, Wang, W., additional, Hu, H., additional, Tong, X.Y., additional, Liu, W.P., additional, Itoh, M., additional, and Obara, S., additional
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
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5. Identification of material parameters in constitutive model for shape memory alloy based on isothermal stress-cycle tests
- Author
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Yoshida, F., primary, Toropov, V.V., additional, Itoh, M., additional, Kyogoku, H., additional, and Sakuma, T., additional
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
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6. Noninvasive Quantification of rCBF Using Positron Emission Tomography
- Author
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WATABE, H., primary, ITOH, M., additional, CUNNINGHAM, V.J., additional, LAMMERTSMA, A.A., additional, BLOOMFIELD, P.M., additional, MEJIA, M., additional, FUJIWARA, T., additional, JONES, A.K.P., additional, JONES, T., additional, and NAKAMURA, T., additional
- Published
- 1996
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Noninvasive Determination of Arterial Input of 15O Tracers, Using a Dual Cutaneous β-Detector Set above the Radial Artery
- Author
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ITOH, M., primary, WATABE, H., additional, MIYAKE, M., additional, HAGISAWA, S., additional, FUJIWARA, T., additional, IWATA, R., additional, IDO, T., additional, and NAKAMURA, T., additional
- Published
- 1996
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Quantitative Imaging of [11C]Benztropine in the Human Brain with Graphic Analysis and Spectral Analysis
- Author
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FUJIWARA, T., primary, MEJIA, M., additional, ITOH, M., additional, YANAI, K., additional, MEGURO, K., additional, SASAKI, H., additional, ONO, S., additional, ITOH, H., additional, FUKUDA, H., additional, IWATA, R., additional, IDO, T., additional, WATABE, H., additional, CUNNINGHAM, V.J., additional, ASHBURNER, J., additional, and JONES, T., additional
- Published
- 1996
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- View/download PDF
9. List of participants
- Author
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Abe, M., primary, Abo, M., additional, Abukawa, T., additional, Adachi, J., additional, Agui, A., additional, Aita, O., additional, Aiura, Y., additional, Ajello, J., additional, Akaki, O., additional, Akazawa, H., additional, Aksela, H., additional, Aksela, S., additional, Allen, J., additional, Altun, Z., additional, Amemiya, K., additional, Amusia, M., additional, An, K., additional, Andersen, J., additional, Aoki, S., additional, Arakawa, I., additional, Araki, T., additional, Arp, U., additional, Asensio, M., additional, Awaya, Y., additional, Awazu, K., additional, Azuma, H., additional, Azuma, Y., additional, Baba, Y., additional, Bando, H., additional, Bao, Z., additional, Becker, U., additional, Bengtsson, P., additional, Bobashev, S., additional, Bocquet, A., additional, Breton, J., additional, Cai, Y., additional, Caldwell, C., additional, Cauletti, C., additional, Chainani, A., additional, Che, J., additional, Chen, C., additional, Chen, L., additional, Chen, X., additional, Cherepkov, N., additional, Cho, T., additional, Christou, C., additional, Chung, J., additional, Couprie, M., additional, Cramer, S., additional, Da Silva, L., additional, Daimon, H., additional, Deguchi, K., additional, Dessau, D., additional, Dhanak, V., additional, Dolmatov, V., additional, Drube, W., additional, Echigo, S., additional, Ehresmann, A., additional, Eisebitt, S., additional, Ejima, T., additional, Ejiri, A., additional, Endo, O., additional, England, J., additional, Enta, Y., additional, Fadley, C., additional, Feldhaus, J., additional, Filatova, E., additional, Finazzi, M., additional, Finkenthal, M., additional, Fischer, D., additional, Flechsig, U., additional, Franzén, K., additional, Frasinski, L., additional, Fujikawa, T., additional, Fujimori, A., additional, Fujimori, S., additional, Fujisawa, M., additional, Fujita, K., additional, Fujita, M., additional, Fukui, K., additional, Fukutani, H., additional, Ghijsen, J., additional, Gluskin, E., additional, Guo, Q., additional, Guyon, P., additional, Hague, C., additional, Hall, R., additional, Hamamatsu, H., additional, Han, Z., additional, Hansen, J., additional, Hanyu, T., additional, Happo, N., additional, Hara, T., additional, Harada, I., additional, Harada, Y., additional, Hasegawa, M., additional, Hasegawa, S., additional, Hatano, T., additional, Hatherly, P., additional, Hattori, T., additional, Hayaishi, T., additional, Hayasi, T., additional, Heck, C., additional, Heinzmann, U., additional, Hieda, K., additional, Higashiyama, K., additional, Hirai, Y., additional, Hiraya, A., additional, Hirayama, T., additional, Hirose, S., additional, Hishikawa, A., additional, Hopkirk, A., additional, Horikawa, Y., additional, Hosaka, N., additional, Huber, K., additional, Huff, W., additional, Hussain, Z., additional, Hwang, C., additional, Ibrahim, K., additional, Ibuki, T., additional, Ichikawa, K., additional, Ichikawa, M., additional, Igarashi, J., additional, Iguchi, Y., additional, Iimura, K., additional, Iinuma, D., additional, Iketaki, Y., additional, Ikeura, H., additional, Imada, S., additional, Imaizumi, Y., additional, Imanishi, A., additional, Inokuchi, H., additional, Inoue, I., additional, Ishigame, M., additional, Ishiguro, E., additional, Ishii, H., additional, Ishii, T., additional, Ishijima, H., additional, Ishizue, I., additional, Isoyama, G., additional, Ito, K., additional, Itoh, M., additional, Itoh, Y., additional, Iwami, M., additional, Iwano, K., additional, Iwasaki, K., additional, Iwata, S., additional, Jacobsen, C., additional, Jikimoto, T., additional, Jo, T., additional, Johansson, L., additional, Johansson, U., additional, Jouda, K., additional, Jung, C., additional, Kabachnik, N., additional, Kaindl, G., additional, Kakizaki, A., additional, Kamada, M., additional, Kamata, A., additional, Kamenskikh, I., additional, Kameta, K., additional, Kamiya, K., additional, Kamiya, Y., additional, Kan'no, K., additional, Kanomata, T., additional, Kasaya, M., additional, Kashiwakura, T., additional, Kato, R., additional, Kato, Y., additional, Katoh, R., additional, Kaurila, T., additional, Kawai, J., additional, Kawamura, T., additional, Kayanuma, Y., additional, Kaznacheyev, K., additional, Kennedy, E., additional, Kiguchi, M., additional, Kihara, H., additional, Kimpara, Y., additional, Kimura, A., additional, Kimura, H., additional, Kimura, K., additional, Kimura, S., additional, Kinoshita, T., additional, Kirm, M., additional, Kisker, E., additional, Kitade, T., additional, Kitajima, M., additional, Kitajima, Y., additional, Kitamura, H., additional, Kitaura, M., additional, Kobayashi, K., additional, Kobayashi, M., additional, Koda, T., additional, Kohagura, J., additional, Koide, T., additional, Koike, F., additional, Koike, M., additional, Koike, T., additional, Koizumi, T., additional, Kojima, T., additional, Kondo, K., additional, Kondo, Y., additional, Kono, M., additional, Kono, S., additional, Korde, R., additional, Koseki, T., additional, Kosugi, N., additional, Kotani, A., additional, Kotani, M., additional, Kouchi, N., additional, Kowalski, M., additional, Koyama, M., additional, Koyano, I., additional, Krause, M., additional, Krupa, J., additional, Kumigashira, H., additional, Kuninobu, T., additional, Kurita, S., additional, Kusaka, M., additional, Kutluk, G., additional, Lablanquie, P., additional, Lama, F., additional, Larkins, F., additional, Latimer, C., additional, Lebrun, T., additional, Lee, D., additional, Lee, K., additional, Lee, T., additional, Legrand, F., additional, Lewis, B., additional, Li, D., additional, Lindau, I., additional, Liu, F., additional, Lodha, G., additional, Lu, E., additional, Lushchik, A., additional, Lyakhovskaya, I., additional, Mårtensson, N., additional, Ma, Y., additional, Machida, S., additional, Maeda, F., additional, Maeyama, S., additional, Maezawa, H., additional, Manakov, N., additional, Margaritondo, G., additional, Masui, S., additional, Masuoka, T., additional, Matsui, F., additional, Matsukawa, T., additional, Matsumoto, M., additional, Matsumoto, S., additional, Matsushita, T., additional, Matsuzawa, M., additional, Mattogno, G., additional, Messina, A., additional, Mikhailin, V., additional, Mimura, K., additional, Minami, T., additional, Misu, A., additional, Mitsuishi, T., additional, Mitsuke, K., additional, Mitsumoto, R., additional, Miyahara, T., additional, Miyamae, T., additional, Miyamoto, N., additional, Miyauchi, H., additional, Mizokawa, T., additional, Morgan, H., additional, Mori, I., additional, Mori, T., additional, Morin, P., additional, Morioka, Y., additional, Mosnier, J., additional, Munro, I., additional, Murakami, E., additional, Murata, T., additional, Murata, Y., additional, Muro, T., additional, Nagakura, I., additional, Nagaoka, S., additional, Nagata, T., additional, Nahon, L., additional, Nakagawa, K., additional, Nakai, I., additional, Nakai, S., additional, Nakai, Y., additional, Nakaishi, H., additional, Nakajima, N., additional, Nakamura, H., additional, Nakamura, M., additional, Nakatake, M., additional, Nakazawa, M., additional, Namatame, H., additional, Namioka, T., additional, Nanba, T., additional, Naoe, S., additional, Nasu, K., additional, Neeb, M., additional, Nenner, I., additional, Nishihara, Y., additional, Nishioka, H., additional, Niwano, M., additional, Nordgren, J., additional, Norman, D., additional, Nowak, C., additional, Nyholm, R., additional, Nylén, H., additional, Ogasawara, H., additional, Ogata, T., additional, Oh, S., additional, Ohara, J., additional, Ohashi, H., additional, Ohchi, T., additional, Ohmori, K., additional, Ohnishi, A., additional, Ohno, N., additional, Ohta, T., additional, Oji, H., additional, Okada, K., additional, Okajima, T., additional, Okane, T., additional, Okuda, T., additional, Okunishi, M., additional, Okusawa, M., additional, Olson, C., additional, Onellion, M., additional, Ono, I., additional, Ono, K., additional, Onsgaard, J., additional, Onuki, H., additional, Oshima, M., additional, Ouchi, I., additional, Ouchi, Y., additional, Oura, M., additional, Park, C., additional, Park, S., additional, Perera, R., additional, Petroff, Y., additional, Poliakoff, E., additional, Pong, W., additional, Prabhakaran, K., additional, Pratt, R., additional, Qvarford, M., additional, Rader, O., additional, Rahn, S., additional, Randall, K., additional, Reininger, R., additional, Rosenberg, R., additional, Rubensson, J., additional, Sainctavit, P., additional, Saito, N., additional, Saito, T., additional, Saitoh, T., additional, Saitoh, Y., additional, Sakamoto, K., additional, Sakano, M., additional, Sakisaka, Y., additional, Samson, J., additional, Sarma, D., additional, Sasaki, T., additional, Sasano, T., additional, Sato, H., additional, Sato, N., additional, Sato, S., additional, Sato, Y., additional, Savchenko, E., additional, Schattke, W., additional, Schlachter, F., additional, Schmidt, V., additional, Schwentner, N., additional, Seki, K., additional, Sekiguchi, T., additional, Sekitani, T., additional, Sekiyama, A., additional, Seno, H., additional, Shafi, M., additional, Sham, T., additional, Sheng, L., additional, Shi, C., additional, Shidara, T., additional, Shigemasa, E., additional, Shimada, H., additional, Shimada, K., additional, Shimamura, I., additional, Shimizu, Y., additional, Shimoyama, I., additional, Shin, S., additional, Shiraga, H., additional, Shirai, M., additional, Shishidou, T., additional, Shmaenok, L., additional, Shobatake, K., additional, Simon, M., additional, Smith, N., additional, Soda, K., additional, Solov'yov, A., additional, Sonntag, B., additional, Spanke, D., additional, Stankevitch, V., additional, Steinberger, I., additional, Steiner, P., additional, Suga, S., additional, Sugawara, H., additional, Sutherland, D., additional, Suzuki, I., additional, Suzuki, M., additional, Suzuki, N., additional, Suzuki, S., additional, Suzuki, T., additional, Taguchi, Y., additional, Takahashi, N., additional, Takahashi, T., additional, Takakuwa, Y., additional, Takata, Y., additional, Takatsuchi, K., additional, Takeichi, A., additional, Takenaka, H., additional, Takizawa, Y., additional, Tanaka, A., additional, Tanaka, K., additional, Tanaka, M., additional, Tanaka, S., additional, Tanaka, T., additional, Tang, J., additional, Tani, K., additional, Taniguchi, M., additional, Tayu, T., additional, Terada, S., additional, Terminello, L., additional, Tezuka, H., additional, Tezuka, Y., additional, Thissen, R., additional, Tinone, M., additional, Tokue, I., additional, Tonner, B., additional, Toyota, E., additional, Troussel, P., additional, Ueda, K., additional, Ueda, Y., additional, Ueno, N., additional, Uhrberg, R., additional, Ukai, M., additional, Umehara, T., additional, Uozumi, T., additional, Urisu, T., additional, Vaeterlein, P., additional, Van der Laan, G., additional, Van Hove, M., additional, Viane, P., additional, Voss, J., additional, Wang, X., additional, Watanabe, M., additional, Watanabe, N., additional, Watanabe, Y., additional, Weaver, J., additional, West, J., additional, van Wezenbeek, E., additional, Whitfield, S., additional, Woodruff, D., additional, Wu, L., additional, Wu, R., additional, Xu, P., additional, Xu, W., additional, Yagi, K., additional, Yagi, S., additional, Yagishita, A., additional, Yamada, T., additional, Yamakawa, T., additional, Yamamoto, H., additional, Yamamoto, M., additional, Yamamoto, Y., additional, Yamanaka, T., additional, Yamanouchi, K., additional, Yamashita, K., additional, Yanagihara, M., additional, Yang, S., additional, Yang, Y., additional, Yeom, H., additional, Yimagawa, M., additional, Ynzunza, R., additional, Yokoya, T., additional, Yokoyama, T., additional, Yoshida, A., additional, Yoshida, H., additional, Yoshi, K., additional, Yoshimura, D., additional, Yuri, M., additional, Zama, T., additional, Zeitoun, P., additional, Zhang, X., additional, Zhang, Y., additional, Zimmerer, G., additional, and Zimmermann, R., additional
- Published
- 1996
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Phase Transitions of La2CuO4+δ Single Crystal Below 320 K
- Author
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Itoh, M., primary, Yu, J-D., additional, Huang, T., additional, Inaguma, Y., additional, Nakamura, T., additional, and Oguni, M., additional
- Published
- 1994
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Quantitative nondestructive evaluation of PVD TiN coating with consideration of residual stress
- Author
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Aizawa, T., primary, Itoh, M., additional, and Kihara, J., additional
- Published
- 1994
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. ACTIVITIES ON NEUTRAL BEAM INJECTORS AT JAERI
- Author
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Kuriyama, M., primary, Ohara, Y., additional, Akino, N., additional, Ebisawa, N., additional, Hanada, M., additional, Inoue, T., additional, Kashimura, T., additional, Itoh, M., additional, Itoh, T., additional, Kawai, M., additional, Kazawa, M., additional, Koizumi, J., additional, Komata, M., additional, Kunieda, T., additional, Matsuoka, M., additional, Mizuno, M., additional, Mogaki, K., additional, Ohga, T., additional, Okumura, Y., additional, Oohara, H., additional, Satoh, F., additional, Suzuki, Y., additional, Shimizu, K., additional, Takahashi, S., additional, Takayasu, T., additional, Tanaka, M., additional, Usami, H., additional, Usui, K., additional, Watanabe, K., additional, Yamamoto, M., additional, and Yamazaki, T., additional
- Published
- 1993
- Full Text
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13. Effect of Hydrostatic Stress on Ductile-to-Brittle Transition Behavior of A Sintered Chromium
- Author
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Itoh, M., primary, Yoshida, F., additional, Ohmori, M., additional, Honda, T., additional, and Tai, Y.Z., additional
- Published
- 1992
- Full Text
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14. Evidence for failure of the Faber–Ziman theory and application of Edwards' self-consistent Green function theory to the electron transport in sp-electron amorphous and quasicrystalline metals
- Author
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Itoh, M., primary, Ishida, A., additional, Nagata, T., additional, Sato, H., additional, Matsuda, T., additional, Fukunaga, T., additional, Kamiya, A., additional, and Mizutani, U., additional
- Published
- 1991
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15. Effect of the broadening of the spectral distribution on the Hall coefficient of amorphous metals
- Author
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Itoh, M., primary, Ishida, A., additional, and Nagata, T., additional
- Published
- 1991
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. LAGRANGIAN RELAXATION METHOD FOR LONG-TERM UNIT COMMITMENT
- Author
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Aoki, K., primary, Nara, K., additional, Satoh, T., additional, and Itoh, M., additional
- Published
- 1990
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. ON A METHOD OF CUTTING ARBITRARY PLANE SHAPE BY USING A SMALL DRILL AND A PERSONAL COMPUTER
- Author
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Itoh, M., primary
- Published
- 1990
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. EXTENDED MEAN DENSITY APPROXIMATION FOR STRUCTURE FACTORS OF FLUIDS
- Author
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ITOH, M., primary, HONDA, O., additional, and NAKAYAMA, K., additional
- Published
- 1990
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Secretion of Glucagon
- Author
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ITOH, M., primary, REACH, G., additional, FURMAN, B., additional, and GERICH, J., additional
- Published
- 1981
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- View/download PDF
20. Measurement of high energy resolution inelastic proton scattering at and close to zero degrees
- Author
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Tamii, A., Fujita, Y., Matsubara, H., Adachi, T., Carter, J., Dozono, M., Fujita, H., Hashimoto, H., Hatanaka, K., Itahashi, T., Itoh, M., Kawabata, T., Nakanishi, Kouichiro, Ninomiya, S., Pérez-Cerdán, Ana Belén, Popescu, L., Rubio, Berta, Saito, T., Sakaguchi, H., Sakemi, Y., Sasamoto, Y., Shimbara, Y., Shimizu, Y., Smit, F. D., Tameshige, Y., Yosoi, M., Zenihiro, J., Tamii, A., Fujita, Y., Matsubara, H., Adachi, T., Carter, J., Dozono, M., Fujita, H., Hashimoto, H., Hatanaka, K., Itahashi, T., Itoh, M., Kawabata, T., Nakanishi, Kouichiro, Ninomiya, S., Pérez-Cerdán, Ana Belén, Popescu, L., Rubio, Berta, Saito, T., Sakaguchi, H., Sakemi, Y., Sasamoto, Y., Shimbara, Y., Shimizu, Y., Smit, F. D., Tameshige, Y., Yosoi, M., and Zenihiro, J.
- Abstract
Measurements of inelastic proton scattering with high energy resolution at forward scattering angles including 0 degrees are described. High-resolution halo-free beams were accelerated by the cyclotron complex at the Research Center for Nuclear Physics. Instrumental background events were minimized using the high-quality beam. The remaining instrumental background events were eliminated by applying a background subtraction method. As a result, clean spectra were obtained even for a heavy target nucleus such as Pb-208. A high energy resolution of 20 keV (FWHM) and a scattering angle resolution of +/- 0.6 degrees were achieved at an incident proton energy of 295 MeV. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
- Published
- 2009
21. Study of M1 excitations by high-resolution proton inelastic scattering experiment at forward angles
- Author
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Tamii, A., Adachi, T., Carter, J., Dozono, M., Fujita, H., Fujita, Y., Hatanaka, K., Hashimoto, H., Kaneda, T., Itoh, M., Kawabata, T., Matsubara, H., Nakanishi, Kouichiro, Neumann-Cosel, P. von, Okamura, H., Pérez-Cerdán, Ana Belén, Poltoratska, I., Ponomarev, V., Popescu, L., Richter, Achim W., Rubio, Berta, Sakaguchi, H., Sakemi, Y., Sasamoto, Y., Shimbara, Y., Shimizu, Y., Smit, F. D., Tameshige, Y., Yosoi, M., Zenihiro, J., Zimmer, K., Tamii, A., Adachi, T., Carter, J., Dozono, M., Fujita, H., Fujita, Y., Hatanaka, K., Hashimoto, H., Kaneda, T., Itoh, M., Kawabata, T., Matsubara, H., Nakanishi, Kouichiro, Neumann-Cosel, P. von, Okamura, H., Pérez-Cerdán, Ana Belén, Poltoratska, I., Ponomarev, V., Popescu, L., Richter, Achim W., Rubio, Berta, Sakaguchi, H., Sakemi, Y., Sasamoto, Y., Shimbara, Y., Shimizu, Y., Smit, F. D., Tameshige, Y., Yosoi, M., Zenihiro, J., and Zimmer, K.
- Abstract
Experimental technique for measuring proton inelastic scattering with high-resolution at 295 MeV and at forward angles including zero degrees have been successfully developed. An excitation energy resolution of less than 20 keV, good scattering angle resolution, low background condition, and reasonable background subtraction have been achieved. The experimental technique have been applied for several sd and pf shell nuclei for systematic study M1 and E1 excitations in nuclei. The experimental method and preliminary spectra are reported.
- Published
- 2007
22. Behaviour of liquid nitrogen between electrodes in a microgravity environment
- Author
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Suda, Yoshiyuki, Itoh, M., Sakai, Y., Matsuura, K., Honma, N., Kimura, T., Suda, Yoshiyuki, Itoh, M., Sakai, Y., Matsuura, K., Honma, N., and Kimura, T.
- Abstract
The motion of boiling liquid nitrogen (LN2) between electrodes and its surface profile in a microgravity environment just after release from terrestrial gravity are observed. The dynamic behaviour is analysed considering the following forces: the Maxwell stress, surface tension and viscosity, and is explained consistently by theory including these forces. The velocity of the liquid driven by the Maxwell stress and the capillary force (surface tension) is compared with that driven by the capillary force only. The growth dynamics of bubbles produced on the surface of electrodes is discussed.
- Published
- 1996
23. Comparison of methotrexate dosing protocols for graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis after unrelated hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
- Author
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Nakamura N, Kanda J, Kondo T, Kitano T, Ikeda T, Imada K, Takaya R, Kubo T, Mitsuyuki S, Oka S, Yonezawa A, Takeoka T, Akasaka T, Hishizawa M, Yago K, Tsunemine H, Watanabe M, Itoh M, and Takaori-Kondo A
- Abstract
Background Aims: Methotrexate (MTX) is used as standard graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. However, the optimal dosing regimen among the various MTX regimens available remains unclear., Methods: We used the registration data of Kyoto Stem Cell Transplantation Group to compare six MTX dosing protocols in a multicenter retrospective analysis of 816 cases of unrelated bone marrow or peripheral blood stem cell transplantation., Results: Our findings indicated increased risks of grade Ⅱ-Ⅳ acute GVHD and extensive chronic GVHD in the cohort given the shortened mini-dose MTX regimen (5 mg/m
2 infusions on days 1, 3, and 6) compared with patients that received any of the other protocols. In addition, transplantation outcomes did not differ significantly between cohorts according to the inclusion or absence of leucovorin rescue., Conclusion: The original short-term, reduced short-term, and mini-dose MTX methods were all effective for GVHD prophylaxis. However, omission of the day 11 MTX dose from the mini-dose regimen elevated the risks of grade Ⅱ-Ⅳ acute GVHD and extensive chronic GVHD. Moreover, leucovorin rescue might be ineffective in terms of reducing complications., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interests The authors declare no competing financial interests., (Copyright © 2024 International Society for Cell & Gene Therapy. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2024
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24. Association between small for gestational age and motor coordination difficulties in children aged 5-6 years: Insights from the Hokkaido Study on Environment and Children's Health.
- Author
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Tojo M, Iwata H, Tamura N, Yamaguchi T, Tsuchiya KJ, Suyama S, Obara T, Nakai A, Yoshikawa T, Yamagata T, Itoh M, Yamazaki K, Kobayashi S, and Kishi R
- Abstract
Background: Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) presents motor skill delays in early childhood and has been associated with later maladaptation, necessitating early intervention. However, research on the potential risk factors, particularly in preschool-aged children, remains scarce., Aims: We aimed to explore the association between small for gestational age (SGA) and other factors and motor coordination problems in 5-6-year-olds from the Hokkaido Study on Environment and Children's Health Cohort., Study Design: Prospective., Subjects: We analyzed data from >3500 participants from the Hokkaido Study, a prospective birth cohort, and assessed children aged 5-6 years., Outcome Measures: Participants underwent assessment with the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire Japanese version (DCDQ-J). We conducted linear regression analyses adjusted for variables such as the child's sex, maternal age, and maternal smoking history during pregnancy, while also examining the independent associations of each risk factor., Results: Among the 3883 children analyzed for SGA, children with SGA exhibited significantly lower DCDQ-J total scores than non-SGA children (mean difference: -2.25, 95 % confidence interval [-4.19, -0.30], p = 0.02). On the subscales, children with SGA demonstrated significantly lower "Control During Movement" scores than non-SGA children (mean difference: -0.96, 95 % confidence interval [-1.78, -0.13], p = 0.02). Furthermore, the child's sex, maternal smoking, maternal age, and preterm birth were independently associated with DCD., Conclusions: SGA was shown to be one of the risk factors for the manifestation of motor coordination difficulties in 5-6-years old children. In combination with other factors, screening for motor coordination difficulties in SGA children will be an important means of initiating appropriate interventions., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have influenced the work reported in this study., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.)
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- 2024
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25. Arctic threads: Microplastic fibres in Chukchi and Beaufort sea sediments.
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Dhineka K, Mishra P, Ikenoue T, Nakajima R, Itoh M, Sambandam M, Kaviarasan T, and Marigoudar SR
- Subjects
- Arctic Regions, Polyethylene analysis, Plastics analysis, Geologic Sediments chemistry, Environmental Monitoring, Water Pollutants, Chemical analysis, Microplastics analysis
- Abstract
The influx of microplastics (MPs) into the Arctic Ocean poses a collective risk, particularly with pronounced sea ice depletion due to global warming. A total of 73 replicate sediment samples were collected at different depths (38 to 79 m) from Chukchi and the Beaufort Seas at 8 stations in the Arctic region during the R/V Mirai cruise (MR22-06C) from August to September 2022. The average concentration of MPs is 79.25 ± 31.08 items/kg d.w. Fibrous MPs of 0-1 mm size range are predominant, with blue being the most prevalent colour. Polymer characterization identified polyethylene (PE) as the predominant polymer. Arctic Ocean regions face heightened health risks from the coexistence of MPs and harmful additives, amplifying concerns over plastic pollution. The alarming surge in MPs within Arctic sediment underscores the urgent need for a proactive, collaborative approach to mitigate this environmental threat and its far-reaching impacts., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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26. Neurophysiological and brain structural insights into cyclin-dependent kinase-like 5 deficiency disorder: Visual and auditory evoked potentials and MRI analysis.
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Takeguchi R, Akaba Y, Kuroda M, Tanaka R, Tanaka T, Itoh M, and Takahashi S
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Female, Child, Epileptic Syndromes diagnostic imaging, Epileptic Syndromes physiopathology, Epileptic Syndromes genetics, Child, Preschool, Adolescent, Evoked Potentials, Auditory physiology, Hearing Loss, Central physiopathology, Hearing Loss, Central diagnostic imaging, Severity of Illness Index, Adult, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases genetics, Young Adult, Evoked Potentials, Visual physiology, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Spasms, Infantile diagnostic imaging, Spasms, Infantile physiopathology, Brain diagnostic imaging, Brain physiopathology, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem physiology
- Abstract
Objective: CDKL5 deficiency disorder (CDD), an epileptic encephalopathy for which novel therapeutics are under development, lacks valid and reliable measures of therapeutic efficacy. We aimed to elucidate the neurophysiological and brain structural features of CDD patients and identify objective indicators reflecting the clinical severity., Methods: Twelve CDD patients and 12 healthy controls (HCs) participated. The clinical severity of CDD was scored using the CDD severity assessment (CDD-SA). The participants underwent visual evoked potential (VEP), auditory brainstem response (ABR), structural MRI, and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) analyses. Measurements from each modality were compared with normal values of age-matched cohorts (VEP and ABR) or statistically compared between CDD patients and HCs (MRI)., Results: VEP showed a significant correlation between P100 latency and CDD-SA in CDD patients. ABR showed abnormalities in six patients (50%), including prolonged V-wave latency (n = 2), prolonged inter-peak latency between waves I and V (n = 3), and mild hearing loss (n = 4). Structural MRI showed a significant reduction in cortical volume in the left pars triangularis and right cerebellum compared with HCs. DTI showed a widespread decrease in fractional anisotropy and an increase in mean and radial diffusivity compared with HCs., Conclusion: CDD patients had reduced cortical volume in the left pars triangularis, a brain region crucial for speech, and one-third of patients had mild hearing loss. These changes may be involved in language impairments in CDD patients. Additionally, P100 latency significantly correlated with the clinical severity. These features can be used to assess the clinical severity of CDD., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.)
- Published
- 2024
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27. A real-time PCR for quantification of parasite burden and its correlations with clinical characteristics and anti-rKRP42 IgG level in cutaneous leishmaniasis in Sri Lanka.
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De Silva NL, De Silva VNH, Weerasooriya MV, Takagi H, Itoh M, Kato H, and Yahathugoda TC
- Subjects
- Animals, Humans, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sri Lanka epidemiology, DNA, Immunoglobulin G, Parasites, Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous epidemiology, Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous parasitology, Leishmania donovani genetics
- Abstract
In visceral and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, humoral immune response can reflect disease severity and parasite burden. Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in Sri Lanka is caused by a usually visceralizing parasite, Leishmania donovani. We assessed the parasite burden (relative quantity-RQ) in 190 CL patients using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR-with primers designed for this study) and smear microscopy, then correlated it with clinical parameters and IgG response. RQ of parasite DNA was determined with human-specific glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) as the internal control. The qPCR sensitivity was tested with serially diluted DNA from cultured L. donovani parasites. Smears were assigned a score based on number of parasites per high power field. Data from previous studies were used for comparison and correlation; nested Internal Transcribed Spacer 1 (ITS1) PCR as reference standard (RS) and IgG antibody titers to the Leishmania rKRp42 antigen as the immune response. The qPCR amplified and quantified 86.8% of the samples while demonstrating a fair and significant agreement with ITS1-PCR and microscopy. Parasite burden by qPCR and microscopy were highly correlated (r = 0.76; p = 0.01) but showed no correlation with the IgG response (r = 0.056; p = 0.48). Corresponding mean RQs of IgG titers grouped by percentiles, showed no significant difference (p = 0.93). Mean RQ was higher in early lesions (p = 0.04), decreased with lesion size (p = 0.12) and slightly higher among papules, nodules and wet ulcers (p = 0.72). Our study established qPCR's efficacy in quantifying parasite burden in Sri Lankan CL lesions but no significant correlation was observed between the parasite burden and host IgG response to the Leishmania rKRP42 antigen., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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28. Hokkaido birth cohort study in Japan on the growth trajectory of children born with low birth weight until 7 years of age.
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Poudel K, Kobayashi S, Iwata H, Tojo M, Yamaguchi T, Yamazaki K, Tamura N, Itoh M, Obara T, Kuriyama S, and Kishi R
- Subjects
- Humans, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Child, Pregnancy, Female, Cohort Studies, Japan epidemiology, Birth Weight, Infant, Low Birth Weight, Pregnant People
- Abstract
Background: Low birth weight (LBW) is a significant global health concern with potential health risks and developmental implications for infants. Catch-up growth, an accelerated growth following an inhibition period, may partially compensate for growth deficits in LBW children., Aims: This study investigated the prevalence of LBW and catch-up growth in height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) among LBW children in Japan, identified factors associated with LBW, and explored the potential for catch-up growth at different ages up to seven years., Study Design and Subjects: The Hokkaido birth cohort study included 20,926 pregnant Japanese women recruited during their first trimester from 37 hospitals and clinics. Follow-up assessments were conducted in children up to seven years of age, tracking LBW children's growth and development using the Maternal and Child Health Handbook, and providing valuable insights into catch-up growth patterns., Outcome Measures: LBW was defined as a neonatal birth weight of <2500 g. The primary outcomes were catch-up growth in height, weight, and BMI at different ages. Z-scores were calculated to assess growth parameters with catch-up growth, defined as a change in z-score (> 0.67) between two time points., Results and Conclusions: A LBW was prevalent in 7.6 % of the cohort, which was lower than that reported in other Japanese studies. Among LBW children, 19.3 % achieved catch-up growth in height by age seven, and 10.6 % in weight. Catch-up growth in LBW children could partially offset these deficits. Further research will help understand the long-term outcomes and inform interventions for healthy development., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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29. Lateral joint tightness in flexion following cementless mobile-bearing total knee arthroplasty decreases patient-reported outcome measures and postoperative range of motion.
- Author
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Itou J, Itoh M, Kuwashima U, and Okazaki K
- Subjects
- Humans, Knee Joint surgery, Retrospective Studies, Range of Motion, Articular, Patient Reported Outcome Measures, Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee, Osteoarthritis, Knee surgery
- Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to clarify the association between clinical outcomes and the flexion joint gap following rotating concave-convex (Vanguard ROCC) total knee arthroplasty (TKA)., Methods: This consecutive retrospective series included 55 knees that underwent ROCC TKA. All the surgical procedures were performed using a spacer-based gap-balancing technique. To evaluate the medial and lateral flexion gaps, axial radiographs of the distal femur were obtained using the epicondylar view with a distraction force to the lower leg at 6 months postoperatively. Lateral joint tightness was defined as the lateral gap being greater than the medial gap. To evaluate clinical outcomes, patients were asked to complete patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) questionnaires preoperatively and during at least 1 year of follow-up postoperatively., Results: The median follow-up duration was 24.0 months. Overall, 16.0% of patients had postoperative lateral joint tightness in flexion. The postoperative range of motion and PROMs were lower in patients with lateral joint tightness than in those with a balanced flexion gap or lateral joint laxity. No serious complications, including bearing dislocations, occurred during the observation period., Conclusion: Lateral joint tightness in flexion following ROCC TKA decreases PROMs and postoperative range of motion., (Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2023
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30. The E3 ubiquitin ligase MIB1 suppresses breast cancer cell migration through regulating CTNND1 protein level.
- Author
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Kanoh T, Lu J, Mizoguchi T, and Itoh M
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Cadherins, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Movement physiology, Delta Catenin, Breast Neoplasms genetics, Breast Neoplasms pathology, Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases genetics, Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases metabolism
- Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common invasive cancers among women. The leading cause of difficulty in treating breast cancer patients is metastasis. Because cell migration is closely related to breast cancer metastasis, elucidating the detailed mechanism by which breast cancer cells promote their migration is crucial for improving the prognosis of patients. In this study, we investigated the relationship between breast cancer cell migration and Mind bomb1 (MIB1), an E3 ubiquitin ligase. We found that the downregulation of MIB1 promotes the cell migration of MCF7, a breast cancer-derived cell line. Furthermore, knockdown of MIB1 caused a reduction in CTNND1 and thereby impaired E-cadherin membrane localization in the cell boundary region. Taken together, our data suggest that MIB1 might play a role in suppressing breast cancer cell migration., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2023
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31. Neuropeptide diuretic hormone 31 mediates memory and sleep via distinct neural pathways in Drosophila.
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Lyu S, Terao N, Nakashima H, Itoh M, and Tonoki A
- Subjects
- Animals, Humans, Drosophila physiology, Drosophila melanogaster physiology, Diuretics metabolism, Sleep, Hormones metabolism, Drosophila Proteins genetics, Neuropeptides
- Abstract
Memory formation and sleep regulation are critical for brain functions in animals from invertebrates to humans. Neuropeptides play a pivotal role in regulating physiological behaviors, including memory formation and sleep. However, the detailed mechanisms by which neuropeptides regulate these physiological behaviors remains unclear. Herein, we report that neuropeptide diuretic hormone 31 (DH31) positively regulates memory formation and sleep in Drosophila melanogaster. The expression of DH31 in the dorsal and ventral fan-shaped body (dFB and vFB) neurons of the central complex and ventral lateral clock neurons (LNvs) in the brain was responsive to sleep regulation. In addition, the expression of membrane-tethered DH31 in dFB neurons rescued sleep defects in Dh31 mutants, suggesting that DH31 secreted from dFB, vFB, and LNvs acts on the DH31 receptor in the dFB to regulate sleep partly in an autoregulatory feedback loop. Moreover, the expression of DH31 in octopaminergic neurons, but not in the dFB neurons, is involved in forming intermediate-term memory. Our results suggest that DH31 regulates memory formation and sleep through distinct neural pathways., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd and Japan Neuroscience Society. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2023
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32. Dissolved N 2 O concentrations in oil palm plantation drainage in a peat swamp of Malaysia.
- Author
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Nishina K, Melling L, Toyoda S, Itoh M, Terajima K, Waili JWB, Wong GX, Kiew F, Aeries EB, Hirata R, Takahashi Y, and Onodera T
- Abstract
Oil palm plantations in Southeast Asia are the largest supplier of palm oil products and have been rapidly expanding in the last three decades even in peat-swamp areas. Oil palm plantations on peat ecosystems have a unique water management system that lowers the water table and, thus, may yield indirect N
2 O emissions from the peat drainage system. We conducted two seasons of spatial monitoring for the dissolved N2 O concentrations in the drainage and adjacent rivers of palm oil plantations on peat swamps in Sarawak, Malaysia, to evaluate the magnitude of indirect N2 O emissions from this ecosystem. In both the dry and wet seasons, the mean and median dissolved N2 O concentrations exhibited over-saturation in the drainage water, i.e., the oil palm plantation drainage may be a source of N2 O to the atmosphere. In the wet season, the spatial distribution of dissolved N2 O showed bimodal peaks in both the unsaturated and over-saturated concentrations. The bulk δ15 N of dissolved N2 O was higher than the source of inorganic N in the oil palm plantation (i.e., N fertilizer and soil organic nitrogen) during both seasons. An isotopocule analysis of the dissolved N2 O suggested that denitrification was a major source of N2 O, followed by N2 O reduction processes that occurred in the drainage water. The δ15 N and site preference mapping analysis in dissolved N2 O revealed that a significant proportion of the N2 O produced in peat and drainage is reduced to N2 before being released into the atmosphere., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Kazuya Nishina reports financial support was provided by JSPS KAKENHI., (Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2023
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33. GADD34 suppresses eIF2α phosphorylation and improves cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease-model mice.
- Author
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Hayakawa-Ogura M, Tana, Nakagawa T, and Itoh M
- Subjects
- Mice, Animals, Phosphorylation, Quercetin, Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-2 metabolism, Cognition, Memory Disorders, Protein Phosphatase 1 metabolism, Alzheimer Disease metabolism
- Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) causes neurodegeneration, leading to cognitive impairment and memory loss. Our previous studies have demonstrated that the induction of growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible gene 34 (GADD34) by quercetin can affect eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) phosphorylation-activated transcription factor 4 (ATF4) signaling. However, the relationship between GADD34 expression and cognitive function has not been clarified. In this study, we determined the direct effect of GADD34 on memory. To achieve this, truncated GADD34 (GADD34.5) was injected into the mouse brain to suppress eIF2α phosphorylation and evaluate memory. The injection of GADD34.5 into the hippocampus in AD-model mice did not improve novel object recognition but improved novel object location. The injection of GADD34.5 into the amygdala also resulted in the maintenance of contextual fear memory based on the fear condition test. These results suggest that GADD34 is effective in improving memory for spatial cognition and contextual fear conditioning in AD by inhibiting eIF2α phosphorylation. In summary, GADD34 suppresses eIF2α phosphorylation in the brain and prevents memory loss. As quercetin feeding increases GADD34 expression, it might be used in preventative applications for AD., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2023
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34. Assessing the changes in river water quality across a land-use change (forest to oil palm plantation) in peninsular Malaysia using the stable isotopes of water and nitrate.
- Author
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Itoh M, Osaka K, Iizuka K, Kosugi Y, Lion M, and Shiodera S
- Subjects
- Water Quality, Forests, Nitrogen analysis, Isotopes analysis, Nitrogen Isotopes analysis, Environmental Monitoring methods, Nitrates analysis, Water Pollutants, Chemical analysis
- Abstract
Land conversion from natural forests to plantations (e.g., oil palm) in Southeast Asia is one of the most intensive land-use changes occurring worldwide. To clarify the effects of oil palm plantations on water quality, we conducted multipoint river and stream water sampling in peninsular Malaysia at the end of the rainy season over a 3-year period (2013-2015). We measured the major dissolved ions and stable isotope ratios of water (δ
2 H-H2 O and δ18 O-H2 O) and nitrate (δ15 N-NO3 - and δ18 O-NO3 - ) in water from the upper streams in mountainous forests to the midstream areas of two major rivers in peninsular Malaysia. The electrical conductivity increased, and the d-excess value (as an index of the degree of evaporation) decreased with increasing distance from the headwaters, suggesting the effect of evaporative enrichment and the addition of pollutants. We separated the sampling points into four groups (G1-G4) through cluster analysis of the water quality data. From the land use/land cover (LULC) classification maps developed from satellite images and local information, we found that G1 and G2 mainly consisted of sampling points in forested areas, while G3 and G4 were located in oil-palm-affected areas. The concentrations of major ions were higher in the oil palm areas, indicating the effects of fertilizer and limestone (i.e., pH adjustment) applications. The dissolved inorganic nitrogen concentration did not differ among the groups, but the dissolved organic carbon, total dissolved nitrogen, and δ15 N-NO3 - were higher in the oil palm area than in the forested area. Although the nitrogen concentration was low, even in the oil palm area, the significantly higher δ15 N-NO3 - in the oil palm area indicated substantial denitrification. This implies that denitrification contributed to the lowering of the NO3 - concentration in rivers in the oil palm area, in addition to nutrient uptake by oil palm trees., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Masayuki Itoh reports financial support was provided by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. Masayuki Itoh reports financial support was provided by Research Institute for Humanity and Nature. Ken'ichi Osaka reports financial support was provided by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. Yoshiko Kosugi reports financial support was provided by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. Satomi Shiodera reports financial support was provided by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2023
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35. Horizontal distribution of surface microplastic concentrations and water-column microplastic inventories in the Chukchi Sea, western Arctic Ocean.
- Author
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Ikenoue T, Nakajima R, Fujiwara A, Onodera J, Itoh M, Toyoshima J, Watanabe E, Murata A, Nishino S, and Kikuchi T
- Subjects
- Plastics, Ecosystem, Pacific Ocean, Microplastics, Water
- Abstract
The recent influx of microplastics into the Arctic Ocean may increase environmental stress on the western Arctic marine ecosystem, which is experiencing significant sea-ice loss due to global warming. Quantitative data on microplastics in the western Arctic Ocean are very limited, and the microplastic budget of the water column is completely unknown. To fill in gaps in our knowledge of Arctic microplastics, we observed surface concentrations (number of particles per unit volume of seawater) of meso- and microplastics using a neuston net, and we observed wind speeds and significant wave heights in the Chukchi Sea, Bering Strait, and Bering Sea. From these observations, we estimated the total number (particle inventory) and mass (mass inventory) of microplastics in the entire water column by taking into account the effect of vertical mixing. The particle inventory of microplastics in the Chukchi Sea ranged from 0 to 18,815 pieces km
-2 with a mean and standard deviation of 5236 ± 6127 pieces km-2 . The mass inventory ranged from 0 to 445 g km-2 with a mean and standard deviation of 124 ± 145 g km-2 . Mean particle inventories for the Chukchi Sea were one-thirtieth of those for the Arctic Ocean on the Atlantic side and less than one-tenth of the average for the global ocean, suggesting that the Chukchi Sea is less polluted. However, the annual flux of microplastics from the Pacific Ocean into the Chukchi Sea, estimated from microplastic concentrations in the Bering Strait, was about 5.5 times greater than the total amount of microplastic in the entire Chukchi Sea water. This suggests that microplastic inflows from the Pacific Ocean are accumulating in large amounts in reservoirs other than the Chukchi Sea water (e.g., sea ice and seafloor sediments) or in the downstream regions of the Pacific-origin water., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2023
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36. CDKL5 deficiency causes epileptic seizures independent of cellular mosaicism.
- Author
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Takahashi S, Takeguchi R, Tanaka R, Fukuoka M, Koike T, Ohtani H, Inoue K, Fukuda M, Kurahashi H, Nakamura K, Tominaga K, Matsubayashi T, Itoh M, and Tanaka T
- Subjects
- Epileptic Syndromes, Female, Mosaicism, Seizures genetics, Humans, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases genetics, Male, Epilepsy, Spasms, Infantile genetics
- Abstract
Objective: In a study using a mouse model of CDKL5 deficiency disorder (CDD), seizures are specific to female mice heterozygous for Cdkl5 mutations and not observed in hemizygous knockout males or homozygous knockout females. The aim of this study was to examine whether the clinical phenotype of patients with CDD can be impacted by the type of genetic variant., Methods: Eleven CDD patients (six females and five males) were included in this study. The molecular diagnosis of hemizygous male patients was performed using digital PCR and their clinical phenotypes were compared with those of patients with mosaic or heterozygous CDKL5 variants. The severity of clinical phenotypes was graded by using CDKL5 Developmental Score and the adapted version of the CDKL5 Clinical Severity Assessment. The effect of cellular mosaicism on the severity of CDD was studied by comparing the clinical characteristics and comorbidities between individuals with hemizygous and mosaic or heterozygous CDKL5 variants., Results: One of the five male patients was mosaic for the CDKL5 variant. All patients developed seizures irrespective of their genetic status of the pathogenic variant. However, cellular mosaicism of CDKL5 deficiency was associated with lesser severity of other comorbidities such as feeding, respiratory, and visual functional impairments., Significance: This study provided evidence that cellular mosaicism of CDKL5 deficiency was not necessarily required for developing epilepsy. CDD patients not only exhibited clinical features of epilepsy but also exhibited the developmental consequences arising directly from the effect of the CDKL5 pathogenic variant., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest None of the authors have any conflicts of interest to disclose., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2022
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37. Structural and functional changes in the brains of patients with Rett syndrome: A multimodal MRI study.
- Author
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Takeguchi R, Kuroda M, Tanaka R, Suzuki N, Akaba Y, Tsujimura K, Itoh M, and Takahashi S
- Subjects
- Brain diagnostic imaging, Brain pathology, Diffusion Tensor Imaging methods, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods, Rett Syndrome diagnostic imaging, White Matter pathology
- Abstract
Objective: To clarify the relationship between structural and functional changes in the brains of patients with Rett syndrome (RTT) using multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)., Methods: Nine subjects with typical RTT (RTTs) and an equal number of healthy controls (HCs) underwent structural MRI, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI). The measurements obtained from each modality were statistically compared between RTTs and HCs and examined for their correlation with the clinical severity of RTTs., Results: Structural MRI imaging revealed volume reductions in most cortical and subcortical regions of the brain. Remarkable volume reductions were observed in the frontal and parietal lobes, cerebellum, and subcortical regions including the putamen, hippocampus, and corpus callosum. DTI analysis revealed decreased white matter integrity in broad regions of the brain. Fractional anisotropy values were greatly decreased in the superior longitudinal fasciculus, corpus callosum, and middle cerebellar peduncle. Rs-fMRI analysis showed decreased functional connectivity in the interhemispheric dorsal attention network, and between the visual and cerebellar networks. The clinical severity of RTTs correlated with the volume reduction of the frontal lobe and cerebellum, and with changes in DTI indices in the fronto-occipital fasciculus, corpus callosum, and cerebellar peduncles., Conclusion: Regional volume and white matter integrity of RTT brains were reduced in broad areas, while most functional connections remained intact. Notably, two functional connectivities, between cerebral hemispheres and between the cerebrum and cerebellum, were decreased in RTT brains, which may reflect the structural changes in these brain regions., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2022
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38. Association between maternal caffeine intake during pregnancy and child development at 6 and 12 months: The Japan Environment and Children's Study.
- Author
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Nishihara S, Kobayashi S, Ikeda-Araki A, Miyashita C, Itoh S, Yamazaki K, Bamai YA, Tamura N, Masuda H, Itoh M, Saijo Y, Ito Y, and Kishi R
- Subjects
- Child, Cohort Studies, Female, Humans, Infant, Japan epidemiology, Pregnancy, Prospective Studies, Caffeine adverse effects, Child Development
- Abstract
Background: Caffeine intake by pregnant women may have neurodevelopmental effects on the fetus due to adenosine antagonism. However, there are insufficient data and inconsistent results from epidemiological studies on the effect of maternal caffeine intake on child development., Aims: This study examined the association between mothers' estimated caffeine intake during pregnancy and their children's score on the Japanese version of the Ages & Stages Questionnaires™ (J-ASQ) at 6 and 12 months of age., Study Design: The study is a part of nationwide prospective birth-cohort study: the Japan Environment and Children's Study., Subjects: In total, 87,106 participants with the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) data and J-ASQ at 6 or 12 months of age were included in the study., Outcome Measures: The data were analyzed by logistic regression analysis to determine whether the scores of the five subscales on the J-ASQ were below the cutoff point as the dependent variable., Results: The results showed that children born to mothers who consumed >300 mg caffeine per day had a 1.11-fold increased odds of gross motor developmental delay at 12 months of age (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.114 [95 % CI: 1.013-1.226])., Conclusions: Issues in gross motor development can emerge prior to future developmental issues. Therefore, further studies on developmental outcomes in older children, including the future outcomes of the children who participated in this study, are needed., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2022
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39. Estimation of Muscle Mass Using Creatinine/Cystatin C Ratio in Japanese Community-Dwelling Older People.
- Author
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Kusunoki H, Tabara Y, Tsuji S, Wada Y, Tamaki K, Nagai K, Itoh M, Sano K, Amano M, Maeda H, Sugita H, Hasegawa Y, Kishimoto H, Shimomura S, Igase M, and Shinmura K
- Subjects
- Aged, Body Mass Index, Body Weight, Creatinine, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Independent Living, Infant, Japan, Male, Muscle, Skeletal pathology, Retrospective Studies, Cystatin C, Sarcopenia diagnosis
- Abstract
Objectives: Sarcopenia is defined as a combination of low skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), weak muscle strength, and reduced physical function. Recently, many studies have reported that the creatinine/cystatin C ratio (Cr/CysC) is useful for evaluating muscle mass. We designed a cross-sectional study with separate model development and validation groups to develop a prediction equation to estimate bioimpedance analysis (BIA)-measured SMI with Cr/CysC., Design: The current study was a retrospective cross-sectional study., Setting and Participants: The model development group included 908 subjects (288 men and 620 women) from the Frail Elderly in the Sasayama-Tamba Area (FESTA) study, and the validation group included 263 subjects (112 men and 151 women) from participants in the medical checkup program at the Anti-Aging Center in Ehime Prefecture., Measures: Multivariate regression analysis indicated that age, hemoglobin (Hb), body weight (BW), and Cr/CysC were independently associated with SMI in both men and women. The SMI prediction equation was developed as follows: Men:4.17-0.012×Age+1.24×(Cr/CysC)-0.0513×Hb+0.0598×BW Women:3.55-0.00765×Age+0.852×(Cr/CysC)-0.0627×Hb+0.0614×BW RESULTS: The SMI prediction equation was applied to the validation group and strong correlations were observed between the BIA-measured and predicted SMI (pSMI) in men and women. According to the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis, the areas under the curve were 0.93 (specificity 89.0%, sensitivity 87.2%) among men and 0.88 (specificity 83.6%, sensitivity 79.6%) among women for using pSMI to identify low SMI in the model development group. The pSMI also indicated high accuracy in ROC analysis for low SMI in the validation group. The Bland-Altman plot regression showed good agreement between BIA-measured and pSMI., Conclusions and Implications: Our new prediction equation to estimate SMI is easy to calculate in daily clinical practice and would be useful for diagnosing sarcopenia., (Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2022
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40. Renal Dysplasia with Hydronephrosis and Congenital Ureteral Stricture in Two Holstein-Friesian Calves.
- Author
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Yoshida K, Takezawa S, Itoh M, Takahashi E, Inokuma H, Watanabe K, and Kobayashi Y
- Subjects
- Animals, Cattle, Constriction, Pathologic pathology, Constriction, Pathologic veterinary, Female, Kidney pathology, Male, Muscle, Smooth pathology, Cattle Diseases pathology, Hydronephrosis complications, Hydronephrosis congenital, Hydronephrosis veterinary, Ureteral Obstruction veterinary
- Abstract
We investigated the pathological characteristics of renal dysplasia with hydronephrosis and congenital ureteral stricture in two calves. Macroscopically, the affected kidneys were enlarged and the renal calyces were dilated and associated with ureteral strictures. Histopathologically, multifocal regions of mesenchyme were observed in the renal medulla. This mesenchyme was weakly eosinophilic with haematoxylin and eosin, blue with Alcian blue and pale blue with Masson's trichrome, and was immunopositive for vimentin and smooth muscle actin, consistent with persistent mesenchyme. There was asynchronous differentiation of the renal cortex characterized by immature glomeruli, immature tubules and arteriolar proliferation. Similar persistent mesenchyme was observed in the ureteral walls with ureteral stricture, and the ureteral musculature or smooth muscle bundles had a disorganized arrangement. Congenital ureteral stricture appeared to have caused ureteral obstruction and hydronephrosis. The lesions may represent a new phenotype of renal dysplasia with concomitant congenital ureteral stricture in Holstein-Friesian calves., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest Statement The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship and/or publication of this article., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2022
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41. Immobilized DLL4-induced Notch signaling is mediated by dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton.
- Author
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Handa H, Idesako N, and Itoh M
- Subjects
- Actin Cytoskeleton metabolism, Calcium-Binding Proteins, Dynamins metabolism, Ligands, Receptor, Notch1 metabolism, Receptors, Notch metabolism, Actins metabolism, Biological Phenomena
- Abstract
Notch signaling, which is essential for tissue development and homeostasis, has received attention as an attractive target for cancer therapy, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. For signal activation, the Notch receptor undergoes proteolysis after binding to its ligand. This process is mediated by a mechanical pulling force, and receptor trans-endocytosis is known to play a central role in supplying the force. On the other hand, Notch ligands immobilized on carrier materials also induce artificial Notch activation. However, the mechanism of signal activation by immobilized ligand proteins is not fully understood. Here, we found that the actin cytoskeleton in Notch1-expressing cells contributes to signal activation induced by immobilized DLL4 (Delta-like ligand 4), and the results showed that pharmacological inhibition of actin dynamics impaired Notch signaling induced by DLL4-coated beads. Moreover, inhibition of actin dynamics remarkably impaired cell migration and was correlated with Notch signaling activity. We also investigated the contribution of Notch cis-endocytosis (the endocytosis of Notch receptor into signal-receiving cells) as an actin-mediated cell biological process to further explore the mechanism of Notch activation by DLL4-coated beads. Compromising the receptor cis-endocytosis pathway with the dynamin inhibitor did not alter DLL4-coated bead-induced Notch signaling, indicating that signal activation is not mediated by dynamin-dependent receptor cis-endocytosis. These findings suggest that Notch activation by immobilized ligands is primarily driven by actin-based cell movement, which might supply a sufficient mechanical force for receptor cleavage, but not by receptor cis-endocytosis., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2022
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42. Optimal timing of elective repeat cesarean deliveries of term singleton pregnancies: A multicenter cross-sectional study.
- Author
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Hoshino M, Shinozaki H, Kitahara Y, Kameda T, Hayashi K, Ogawa S, Itoh M, and Iwase A
- Subjects
- Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Gestational Age, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Trimester, Third, Retrospective Studies, Elective Surgical Procedures
- Abstract
Objective: Cesarean deliveries must be optimally timed to minimize their effects on mothers and neonates. This study aimed to determine the optimal timing of elective repeat cesarean deliveries to reduce the incidence of neonatal respiratory disorders and of emergent cesarean deliveries., Materials and Methods: This multi-center, cross-sectional, retrospective analysis evaluated data on the maternal and neonatal outcomes of 856 singleton pregnancies scheduled for elective repeat cesarean deliveries at 37-39 weeks' gestation. The emergent cesarean delivery and neonatal respiratory disorder risks were analyzed according to the scheduled cesarean delivery times., Results: The elective cesarean delivery rates were 91.0% during the first and 92.6% during the second half of the 37th week of gestation, 88.7% during the first and 82.9% during the second half of the 38th week of gestation, and 62.5% during the first and 33.3% during the second half of the 39th week of gestation. The neonatal respiratory disorder rates were 21.8% for elective cesarean deliveries during the first half of the 37th week of gestation and approximately 8% for elective cesarean deliveries during the second half of the 37th week until the first half of the 38th week of gestation. No neonatal respiratory disorders occurred among the babies delivered by elective cesarean deliveries during the 39th week of gestation., Conclusion: For improved maternal and neonatal outcomes in the Asian population, it may be better to perform scheduled elective repeat cesarean deliveries from the second half of the 37th week of gestation until the 38th week of gestation following confirmation of gestational age by early first trimester ultrasonography., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2022. Published by Elsevier B.V.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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43. Long-Term Outcomes of Longitudinal Efficacy Study With Tolvaptan in ADPKD.
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Higashihara E, Nutahara K, Itoh M, Okegawa T, Tambo M, Yamaguchi T, Nakamura Y, Taguchi S, Kaname S, Yokoyama K, Yoshioka T, and Fukuhara H
- Abstract
Introduction: The effects of long-term and uninterrupted tolvaptan treatment on autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) are unclear. Therefore, a more than 3-year continuous treatment study was performed., Methods: From the Kyorin University cohort, 299 patients were surveyed and 179 patients were indicated for tolvaptan having a total kidney volume (TKV) ≥750 ml, TKV slope ≥5%/yr, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥15 ml/min per 1.73 m
2 . Among 179 patients, 118 patients consented to the study., Results: Retrospective pretreatment and prospective on-treatment periods had a median of 1.8 and 4.0 years, respectively. During the 5 treatment-years, the log10 (TKV) slope/yr decreased from the pretreatment period ( P < 0.0001) and the estimated height-adjusted TKV growth rate α (eHTKV-α, %/yr) decreased from baseline ( P < 0.0001). The decline in eGFR improved in female patients ( P < 0.0001), but not in males ( P = 0.6321). Furthermore, during the 5 treatment-years, eGFR remained significantly better in the group with a percent decrease in eHTKV-α from baseline to the first treatment-year ≥ the median (2.94%) than in the group with a decrease <2.94%. The free-water clearance was higher in males than in females irrespective of treatment., Conclusion: The TKV growth rate decreased in 4 years with tolvaptan in both sexes. The insignificant effects of tolvaptan on the eGFR slope in males were likely due to androgen stimulation of cystogenesis and analytical difficulty of longitudinal changes in nonlinear trajectories of eGFR. The larger decrease in eHTKV-α in the first year was related to a better renal prognosis. The vasopressin-mediated water reabsorption was activated more in females than males irrespective of tolvaptan administration., (© 2021 International Society of Nephrology. Published by Elsevier Inc.)- Published
- 2021
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44. Lectin-Like Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-1-Related Microglial Activation in Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy: Morphologic Consideration.
- Author
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Akamatsu T, Sugiyama T, Oshima T, Aoki Y, Mizukami A, Goishi K, Shichino H, Kato N, Takahashi N, Goto YI, Oka A, and Itoh M
- Subjects
- Animals, Animals, Newborn, Brain metabolism, Brain pathology, Humans, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain metabolism, Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain pathology, Microglia metabolism, Scavenger Receptors, Class E metabolism
- Abstract
Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (nHIE) is a major neonatal brain injury. Despite therapeutic hypothermia, mortality and sequelae remain severe. The lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) is associated with the pathophysiology of nHIE. In this study, morphologic change and microglial activation under the nHIE condition and LOX-1 treatment were investigated. The microglial activity and proliferation were assessed with a novel morphologic method, immunostaining, and quantitative PCR in the rat brains of both nHIE model and anti-LOX-1 treatment. Circumference ratio, the long diameter ratio, the cell area ratio, and the roundness of microglia were calculated. The correlation of the morphologic metrics and microglial activation in nHIE model and anti-LOX-1 treated brains was evaluated. LOX-1 was expressed in activated ameboid and round microglia in the nHIE model rat brain. In the evaluation of microglial activation, the novel morphologic metrics correlated with all scales of the nHIE-damaged and treated brains. While the circumference and long diameter ratios had a positive correlation, the cell area ratio and roundness had a negative correlation. Anti-LOX-1 treatment attenuated morphologic microglial activation and proliferation, and suppressed the subsequent production of inflammatory mediators by microglia. In human nHIE, round microglia and endothelial cells expressed LOX-1. The results indicate that LOX-1 regulates microglial activation in nHIE and anti-LOX-1 treatment attenuates brain injury by suppressing microglial activation., (Copyright © 2021 American Society for Investigative Pathology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
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45. Lunatic fringe promotes the aggregation of CADASIL NOTCH3 mutant proteins.
- Author
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Suzuki S, Hiura S, Mashiko T, Matsumoto T, and Itoh M
- Subjects
- Coculture Techniques, Endocytosis genetics, Glycosyltransferases genetics, HEK293 Cells, HeLa Cells, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Jagged-1 Protein genetics, Jagged-1 Protein metabolism, Mutation, CADASIL genetics, CADASIL metabolism, Glycosyltransferases metabolism, Receptor, Notch3 genetics, Receptor, Notch3 metabolism
- Abstract
Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is a genetic small vessel disease characterized by NOTCH3 mutation and abnormal aggregation of NOTCH3 mutant proteins around vessel walls. NOTCH3 is a transmembrane receptor that is degraded by JAGGED1 (JAG1) through a process called trans-endocytosis. There are two types of CADASIL-associated NOTCH3 mutations: signal-active (SA) and signal-deficient (SD) mutations. However, the conditions that lead to abnormal aggregation of NOTCH3 mutant proteins remain poorly understood. Performing a coculture assay, we found that the SA NOTCH3 mutants (C49Y, R90C, R141C, and C185R) were degraded and trans-endocytosed by JAG1 similar to wild-type (WT) NOTCH3, but the SD NOTCH3 mutant (C428S) was not degraded or endocytosed by JAG1, suggesting that other environmental factors may be necessary for the aggregation of SA NOTCH3 mutants. Lunatic fringe (LFNG) is a glycosyltransferase of NOTCH3, but whether LFNG affects the aggregation of NOTCH3 mutants remains unknown. Performing a sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation assay, we found that LFNG might decrease the aggregation propensity of WT NOTCH3 but increase that of C185R NOTCH3. In conclusion, the SD NOTCH3 mutant may be more likely to accumulate than the SA NOTCH3 mutants upon interaction with JAG1. Moreover, LFNG may play an important role in promoting the aggregation of SA NOTCH3 mutants., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
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46. Effect of body lipid content is linked to nutritional adaptation in the acclimation responses of mesic-adapted Paederus to seasonal variations in desiccation stress.
- Author
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Bong LJ, Wang CY, Shiodera S, Haraguchi TF, Itoh M, and Neoh KB
- Subjects
- Animals, Desiccation, Female, Male, Seasons, Acclimatization, Coleoptera metabolism, Diet, Lipid Metabolism, Water metabolism
- Abstract
Desiccation stress causes mesic-adapted arthropods to lose their body water content. However, mesic-adapted Paederus beetles can survive over prolonged periods under dry field conditions, suggesting that these beetles adopt an array of water conservation mechanisms. We investigated the water balance mechanisms of field-collected Paederus adults over a 14-month sampling period. We also assessed their nutritional adaptations by performing a stable isotope analysis to examine their diet. The water loss rate (WLR) of the beetles was significantly associated with the rice crop cycle and saturation deficit. The cuticular permeability (CP) of adult beetles was maintained at < 30 µg cm
-2 h-1 mmHg-1 ; however, CP increased significantly with the WLR. This result indicates that CP might play a minor role in reducing excessive water loss in beetles. The beetles' body water content and percentage total body water content increased when the WLR was high. Trehalose, glucose, and glycogen did not appear to play a central role in enhancing the water reserves in the insects. The body lipid content ranged from 0.22 ± 0.06 to 0.87 ± 0.07 mg and was negatively associated with the WLR. This association indicates that the increase in internal metabolic water was mediated by lipid catabolism. Stable isotope analysis results revealed that the Paederus beetles shifted their diet to carbohydrate-rich plants when the saturation deficit increased and the associated WLR reached its peak; otherwise, they consumed a high amount of staple carbohydrate-poor herbivore prey. The accumulation of energy reserves in the form of lipids through seasonal dietary shifts may exert major effects on the survival and population success of mesic-adapted Paederus beetles., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2021
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47. Impact of Isotemporal Substitution of Sedentary Time With Physical Activity on Sarcopenia in Older Japanese Adults.
- Author
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Nagai K, Matsuzawa R, Wada Y, Tsuji S, Itoh M, Sano K, Amano M, Tamaki K, Kusunoki H, and Shinmura K
- Subjects
- Accelerometry, Adult, Aged, Cross-Sectional Studies, Exercise, Humans, Japan, Sarcopenia, Sedentary Behavior
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Early diagnosis of MECP2 duplication syndrome: Insights from a nationwide survey in Japan.
- Author
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Takeguchi R, Takahashi S, Akaba Y, Tanaka R, Nabatame S, Kurosawa K, Matsuishi T, and Itoh M
- Subjects
- Child, Early Diagnosis, Humans, Japan epidemiology, X-Linked Intellectual Disability, Surveys and Questionnaires, Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2 genetics
- Abstract
This study aimed to elucidate the clinical characteristics of MECP2 duplication syndrome (MDS), particularly at initial presentation, and to provide clinical clues for the early diagnosis of this condition. We conducted a nationwide survey for MDS by sending questionnaires to 575 hospitals where board-certified pediatric neurologists were working and 195 residential hospitals for persons with severe motor and intellectual disabilities in Japan. This survey found 65 cases of MDS, and clinical data of 24 cases in which the diagnosis was genetically confirmed were analyzed. More than half of the patients (52%) had visited a hospital at least once during infancy due to symptoms associated with MDS, with a median age at the initial visit of 7 months. The symptoms that were frequently prevalent at the first visit were facial dysmorphic features, hypotonia, motor developmental delay, and recurrent infections. Dysmorphic features included small mouth, tented upper lip, tapered fingers, and hypertelorism. Other symptoms, including epilepsy, intellectual disabilities, autistic features, stereotypic movements, and gastrointestinal problems, generally appeared later with age. Some symptoms of MDS were found to be age-dependent and may not be noticeable in infancy. Recognition of these clinical characteristics may facilitate the early diagnosis and proper treatment of patients with MDS, improve their long-term outcomes, and help adapt appropriate genetic counseling., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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49. Effect of osteoarthritis severity on survival and clinical outcomes after high tibial osteotomy.
- Author
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Kuwashima U, Iwasaki K, Kurakazu I, Akasaki Y, Nakashima Y, Itoh M, Itou J, and Okazaki K
- Subjects
- Aged, Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee, Female, Humans, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Male, Middle Aged, Osteoarthritis, Knee etiology, Reoperation, Retrospective Studies, Severity of Illness Index, Osteoarthritis, Knee mortality, Osteoarthritis, Knee surgery, Osteotomy methods, Tibia surgery
- Abstract
Background: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of osteoarthritis severity on clinical outcomes using the 2011 Knee Society Score (KSS2011) and survival rates after closed wedge high tibial osteotomy (CWHTO)., Methods: In this retrospective study, KSS2011 questionnaires were mailed to patients who had undergone CWHTO between January 1991 and December 2011. The completed questionnaires returned by the patients were analyzed. Preoperative osteoarthritis severity was evaluated by Kellgren-Lawrence (K-L) grade. KSS2011 was compared between the K-L grade groups. To determine the effect of K-L grade for revision surgery, Kaplan-Meier survival curves were created using the need for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) as the endpoint to estimate the probability of failure., Results: There were 16, 81, and 47 knees with preoperative K-L 2, 3, and 4, respectively. Among the KSS2011 sub-scores, the symptom score showed significant differences between the groups (p = 0.006). However, no significant difference was found regarding satisfaction, expectation, and functional activity scores. No significant difference in the symptom score was found between the K-L 2 and 3 groups (p > 0.05). Eighteen knees were treated with TKA at a mean of 9 years after CWHTO. Using the Kaplan-Meier survival estimates, the K-L 4 group showed a significantly higher rate of total knee arthroplasty conversion than the K-L 2 and 3 groups (p < 0.001)., Conclusions: Osteoarthritis severity affects clinical outcomes and survival rates during long-term follow-up after CWHTO. Surgeons should consider the preoperative osteoarthritis grade for long-term outcomes when considering CWHTO for patients with varus knees., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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50. The zonula occludens protein family regulates the hepatic barrier system in the murine liver.
- Author
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Itoh M, Terada M, and Sugimoto H
- Subjects
- Animals, Bile Ducts pathology, Cholestasis, Intrahepatic genetics, Cholestasis, Intrahepatic pathology, Humans, Liver pathology, Mice, Mice, Knockout, Tight Junctions genetics, Zonula Occludens-1 Protein genetics, Zonula Occludens-2 Protein genetics, Bile Ducts metabolism, Cholestasis, Intrahepatic metabolism, Liver metabolism, Tight Junctions metabolism, Zonula Occludens-1 Protein metabolism, Zonula Occludens-2 Protein metabolism
- Abstract
The hepatic barrier is indispensable for the physiological functions of the liver and is impaired under various pathological conditions. Tight junctions reportedly play a central role in hepatic barrier regulation; however, there is limited direct evidence supporting this observation, with few in vivo models or confirmations of the implicated molecular mechanisms presented to date. We inactivated the tight junction component gene, Tjp2/ZO-2, and the related molecule, Tjp1/ZO-1, in mouse livers. In humans, TJP2/ZO-2 mutations have been implicated in the development of human progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis 4 (PFIC4). The mice deficient in either ZO-1 or ZO-2 in the liver did not exhibit major abnormalities. However, the ablation of both molecules impaired the molecular architecture as well as the structure and function of hepatocyte tight junctions, which disrupted the hepatic barrier and was lethal to the mice by 6 weeks of age. In mutant mice, bile canaliculus formation and cellular polarity were compromised; also, transporter expression and localization were deregulated. Moreover, typical hepatic zonation and bile duct formation were inhibited, and sinusoidal vessels were disorganized. These findings clarify the role of tight junctions and polarity in the hepatic barrier as well as the effect that their disruption has on liver tissue. The observations also suggest that liver-specific ZO-1
-/- and ZO-2-/- mice could be used as models for PFIC4, and this will provide new insights into liver pathophysiology and clinical applications., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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