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Your search keyword '"Hermann H, Swalve"' showing total 2 results
Start Over Author "Hermann H, Swalve" Publisher elsevier
2 results on '"Hermann H, Swalve"'

1. Assessing the impact of natural service bulls and genotype by environment interactions on genetic gain and inbreeding in organic dairy cattle genomic breeding programs

Author

Henner Simianer, Tong Yin, Monika Wensch-Dorendorf, Hermann H. Swalve, and S. König

Subjects
Male, genotype × environment interaction, genomic breeding program, organic farming, True breeding organism, Breeding program, animal diseases, Population, Biology, Breeding, SF1-1100, 03 medical and health sciences, Animal science, Animals, Inbreeding, Animal Husbandry, education, Dairy cattle, Selection (genetic algorithm), Insemination, Artificial, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, business.industry, 0402 animal and dairy science, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Heritability, 040201 dairy & animal science, Biotechnology, Pedigree, Animal culture, Phenotype, Genetic gain, Animal Science and Zoology, Cattle, Female, Gene-Environment Interaction, business
Abstract

The objective of the present study was to compare genetic gain and inbreeding coefficients of dairy cattle in organic breeding program designs by applying stochastic simulations. Evaluated breeding strategies were: (i) selecting bulls from conventional breeding programs, and taking into account genotype by environment (G×E) interactions, (ii) selecting genotyped bulls within the organic environment for artificial insemination (AI) programs and (iii) selecting genotyped natural service bulls within organic herds. The simulated conventional population comprised 148 800 cows from 2976 herds with an average herd size of 50 cows per herd, and 1200 cows were assigned to 60 organic herds. In a young bull program, selection criteria of young bulls in both production systems (conventional and organic) were either 'conventional' estimated breeding values (EBV) or genomic estimated breeding values (GEBV) for two traits with low (h 2=0.05) and moderate heritability (h 2=0.30). GEBV were calculated for different accuracies (r mg), and G×E interactions were considered by modifying originally simulated true breeding values in the range from r g=0.5 to 1.0. For both traits (h 2=0.05 and 0.30) and r mg⩾0.8, genomic selection of bulls directly in the organic population and using selected bulls via AI revealed higher genetic gain than selecting young bulls in the larger conventional population based on EBV; also without the existence of G×E interactions. Only for pronounced G×E interactions (r g=0.5), and for highly accurate GEBV for natural service bulls (r mg>0.9), results suggests the use of genotyped organic natural service bulls instead of implementing an AI program. Inbreeding coefficients of selected bulls and their offspring were generally lower when basing selection decisions for young bulls on GEBV compared with selection strategies based on pedigree indices. peerReviewed

Published
2014

2. Temporary consumption of diet with unbalanced amino acid pattern affects long-lasting growth retardation correlated with oxidative stress response associated gene expression in juvenile pigs.

Author

Schwerin M, Kurts-Ebert B, Beyer M, Swalve H, and Junghans P

Subjects
Animals, Body Weight, Caseins administration & dosage, Liver chemistry, Liver metabolism, Liver pathology, Male, Orchiectomy, Organ Size, RNA, Messenger analysis, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Soybean Proteins administration & dosage, Swine, Amino Acids administration & dosage, Diet, Gene Expression, Growth Disorders etiology, Oxidative Stress genetics
Abstract

Background & Aims: The present study was conducted to study whether oxidative stress is the trigger of long-term physiological effects of temporary consumption of a soy protein isolate (SPI) based diet with an imbalanced amino acid pattern., Material and Methods: Hepatic expression of 19 genes that are involved in and co-regulated with oxidative stress response and showing diet-associated expression after chronic SPI feeding using quantitative RT-PCR, growth and liver composition were investigated in a model of protein-underfeeding juvenile pigs, which were fed a casein (CAS) based diet for four weeks subsequent to a four week consumption of an SPI diet in comparison with chronically CAS fed animals., Results: Temporary feeding of SPI diet resulted in prolonged up-regulation of genes involved in oxidative/cellular stress response (glutathione-S-transferase, peptide methionine sulfoxide reductase, calnexin, organic anion transport polypeptide 2). Cluster analysis of gene expression data indicated persistent SPI-related co-regulation of the genes involved in stress response with genes involved in the regulation of protein biosynthesis and in neuronal signalling for at least four weeks after replacement of SPI by CAS. Gene expression data are negatively correlated with body weight and liver protein content., Conclusion: Significant association of oxidative stress responsiveness with growth retardation and liver composition underline the possible impact of diet-affected oxidative stress for long-lasting deleteriously metabolic consequences.

Published
2008
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