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This paper proposes a new identification method based on an exponential modulation scheme for the determination of the coefficients and exponents of a fractional-order transfer function. The proposed approach has a broader scope of application compared to a previous method based on step response data, in that it allows for the use of arbitrary input signals. Moreover, it dispenses with the need for repeated simulations during the search for the best fractional exponents, which significantly reduces the computational workload involved in the identification process. Two examples involving measurement noise at the observed system output are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method when compared to a conventional output-error optimization approach based on the polytope algorithm. In both examples, the proposed method is found to provide a better trade-off between computational workload and accuracy of the parameter estimates for different realizations of the noise., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Crown Copyright © 2020. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)