1. Human papillomavirus e7 oncoprotein transgenic skin develops an enhanced inflammatory response to 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene by an arginase-1-dependent mechanism.
- Author
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Tran LS, Bergot AS, Mattarollo SR, Mittal D, and Frazer IH
- Subjects
- Animals, Drug Eruptions pathology, Ear, External immunology, Ear, External pathology, Female, Human papillomavirus 16 immunology, Immunity, Innate drug effects, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Knockout, Myeloid Cells drug effects, Myeloid Cells immunology, Papillomavirus E7 Proteins metabolism, Papillomavirus Infections immunology, Skin drug effects, Skin pathology, Th2 Cells drug effects, Th2 Cells immunology, Arginase metabolism, Dinitrofluorobenzene toxicity, Drug Eruptions immunology, Papillomavirus E7 Proteins immunology, Skin immunology
- Abstract
We have shown that the expression of human papillomavirus type 16 E7 (HPV16.E7) protein within epithelial cells results in local immune suppression and a weak and ineffective immune response to E7 similar to that occuring in HPV-associated premalignancy and cancers. However, a robust acute inflammatory stimulus can overcome this to enable immune elimination of HPV16.E7-transformed epithelial cells. 2,4-Dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) can elicit acute inflammation and it has been shown to initiate the regression of HPV-associated genital warts. Although the clinical use of DNCB is discouraged owing to its mutagenic potential, understanding how DNCB-induced acute inflammation alters local HPV16.E7-mediated immune suppression might lead to better treatments. Here, we show that topical DNCB application to skin expressing HPV16.E7 as a transgene induces a hyperinflammatory response, which is not seen in nontransgenic control animals. The E7-associated inflammatory response is characterized by enhanced expression of Th2 cytokines and increased infiltration of CD11b(+)Gr1(int)F4/80(+)Ly6C(hi)Ly6G(low) myeloid cells, producing arginase-1. Inhibition of arginase with an arginase-specific inhibitor, N(omega)-hydroxy-nor-L-arginine, ameliorates the DNCB-induced inflammatory response. Our results demonstrate that HPV16.E7 protein enhances DNCB-associated production of arginase-1 by myeloid cells and consequent inflammatory cellular infiltration of skin.
- Published
- 2014
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