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1. Vertical price transmission in agricultural markets in Ghana

Author

Seth Etuah, Awura-Abena Amoah Osei, Faizal Adams, Isaac Abunyuwah, Nicholas Oppong Mensah, Bright Owusu Asante, and Fred Nimoh

Subjects
Supply chain, Price transmission, Agri-food, Threshold parameter, Granger causality, Science
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the extent of price transmission along the agri-food supply chain in selected regions in Ghana. The extent of transmission was used to assess the efficiency and effectiveness of the agricultural marketing systems in the area. Efficient marketing systems are expected to reduce the issue of regional price fluctuations, encourage fair income distribution throughout the supply chain, and improve food security. The preliminary time series stationarity/unit root and seasonality tests were performed using the Augmented Dickey-Fuller test (ADF)/Kwiatkowski, Phillips, Schmidt, and Shin (KPSS) and Canova-Hansen seasonal stability tests respectively. Following the detection of statistically significant threshold effects by the Supremum Likelihood Ratio (Sup-LR) tests, the extent of price transmission was investigated using two-region threshold vector error correction models. The initial tests found that the monthly wholesale, retail, and producer price series for maize, cowpea, and yam used in the study were first difference stationary rather than seasonally integrated. The findings revealed that price signals in the agri-food markets were not fully transmitted across the supply chain. Thus, the extent of price transmission was generally low, creating unexploited arbitrage opportunities along the chain. The study identified high transfer costs (proxied by the threshold parameter) and actor-specific market power (as revealed by the Granger causality test) as the primary obstacles to effective market functioning in the area. Minimizing transfer costs through infrastructural development such as improvements in road networks linking farming communities and markets, access to price information, and regular stakeholder engagements could help improve the functioning of the agri-food markets.

Published
2024
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2. Boosting domestic rice production in Ghana: Analysis of consumer opinions, purchasing behavior and determinants among different income strata

Author

Faizal Adams, Bernard Kwamena Cobbina Essel, Bavorova Miroslava, Joshua Korblah Agbenyor, Mashiru Abrokwa Ishak, Ntiamoah Prince, Ketu Abdulai, Boakye Samuel, and Oppong Kwarteng Judith

Subjects
Consumer behaviour, Food security, Nutrition, Health benefits, Local rice, Environmental effects of industries and plants, TD194-195, Economic growth, development, planning, HD72-88
Abstract

Despite the fact that domestic rice production contributes significantly to the livelihood of millions of people in Ghana, it has been observed that consumers show a strong preference for expensive and imported rice over locally produced rice. The purpose of this study was to investigate the perception, purchasing behaviour and determinants of local rice consumption across three income households in the Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana. A total of 414 rice consumers were selected through a multi-stage sampling technique. Descriptive and inferential techniques, including perception analysis and ordered probit model, were used to analyse the data. The overall perception index of 3.61 denotes that consumers generally have a positive perception of local rice regarding health benefits (index = 4.44), affordability (index = 3.86), and cooking attributes (index = 3.48), despite its poor appearance (index = 2.80). The ordered probit model depicted heterogeneity of covariates as determinants of local rice consumption-based income strata of the household. For instance, various factors, including gender, age, occupation, and attributes of local rice such as affordability, nutrition, cooking attributes, and appearance, have a notable impact on the consumption of local rice among low-income households. In contrast, education, household decision-making, the place of purchasing local rice, and three perception attributes, namely affordability, nutrition, and cooking attributes, were found to be significant determinants of local rice consumption among middle-income households. According to the data, local rice consumption among high-income families was significantly predicted by gender, occupation, household size, and two perception attributes—affordability and nutrition. The study has practical implications for improving the competitiveness of local rice to increase its acceptance and consumption among consumers in the country.

Published
2024
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3. Compliance with cocoa quality management practices in Ghana; To what extent are cocoa farmers complying?

Author

Faizal Adams, James Osei Mensah, Seth Etuah, Gifty Boakye Appiah, Amos Mensah, Robert Aidoo, Jonathan Quaye, and Kwabena Ofori

Subjects
Seemingly unrelated model, Premium price, Cocoa postharvest activities, Compliance index, Gender, Cocoa, Science (General), Q1-390, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract

Despite the fact that adhering to cocoa quality management practices (QMPs) is crucial to satisfy consumer food safety standards and receive premium cocoa pricing, evidence of cocoa farmers' compliance with these recommended QMPs is scanty in Ghana. The purpose of this study was to assess the extent and antecedents of farmers’ compliance with six QMPs including pest and disease, harvesting and pod storage, pod breaking and bean removal, fermentation, drying, and bagging and storage practices in Ghana. Data from 200 farmers was solicited and analyzed using a compliance index as well as a seemingly unrelated regression (SURE) model to account for cross-correlation effects among six recommended QMPs. The results show an overall index of 2.46, implying that the cocoa farmers moderately comply with the six QMPs. Specifically, compliance levels for fermentation (index = 2.90) and drying (index = 2.92) practices are high, while farmers showed low compliance with bagging and storage practices (index = 1.33). The SURE model exhibits heterogeneous covariates that influence farmers’ compliance across the six QMPs. However, extension access, sex of the farmer, and to some extent awareness of quality management practices, as well as education, are significant determinants of compliance across all six quality management practices. These findings have implications for strengthening the Extension Services Division of COCOBOD and gender mainstreaming of cocoa quality improvement training to address the challenges of women cocoa farmers.

Published
2024
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4. Microencapsulation of maltodextrin and gelatin using spray drying with double-condenser compression refrigeration systems

Author

Engkos Achmad Kosasih, Muhammad Irfan Dzaky, Ahmad Zikri, Almacho Rachmanudiputra, Faizal Abizar, M Burhanuddin Fauzi, and Yarynara Sebrio Suharyadi

Subjects
Dehumidification, Spray drying, Gelatin, Maltodextrin, Microencapsulation, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040
Abstract

In this study, a compressor air pressure of 2 bar was used to produce 20,91 ± 3,42 µm encapsulated maltodextrin. Next, energy consumption was measured to obtain specific energy consumption (SEC) by varying the flow, specific humidity, and drying air temperature, with and without a refrigeration system. The use of a refrigeration system enhances the dehumidification of drying air; however, when such a system is not used, energy consumption increases. The highest productivity exhibited by the spray dryer to produce microencapsulated maltodextrin and gelatin was 9,84 × 10−5 lps of liquid material. This productivity was realized for a drying airflow, drying air temperature, and specific humidity of 450 lpm, 120 °C, and 4,98 g/kg d.a., respectively. The lowest SEC was 9999,12 kJ/l for drying air flow, drying air temperature, and specific humidity of 150 lpm, 120 °C, and 4,95 g/kg d.a., respectively. The ratio of SEC (RSEC) is more important than SEC, where the minimum value of RSEC was 0,6 for a drying air flow, drying air temperature, and specific humidity of 300 lpm, 90 °C, and 4,58 g/kg d.a., respectively. However, the productivity under these conditions was 0,25 lph of liquid material, which is less than the maximum productivity (0,35 lph) discussed above.

Published
2023
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5. Modelling of vertical integration in commercial poultry production of Ghana: A count data model analysis

Author

Faizal Adams, Amos Mensah, Seth Etuah, Robert Aidoo, Bright Owusu Asante, and James Osei Mensah

Subjects
Poultry production, Transaction cost, Food security, Poverty reduction, Science (General), Q1-390, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract

Poultry production has significant potential to reduce protein deficiency, food insecurity and poverty in Ghana. However, limited vertical integration and high cost of production in the sector have stifled growth and exposed poultry farms in the country to many risks, leading to poor business performance. This study uses cross-sectional data from 102 commercial poultry farms to assess the determinants of vertical integration in the Ghanaian poultry industry by employing zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP) and Zero-inflated Negative Binomial (ZINB) models. The results show that one in every four poultry farms in the country are vertically integrated, either partially or fully. The ZINB model, which best fits the data, reveals that the degree of vertical integration in the poultry business is significantly influenced by a set of personal (education, occupation, and farming experience) and farm level (land tenure, flock size, production cost, and farm revenue) characteristics as well as institutional factors (credit access, extension access and membership of association). The paper discusses the implications of these findings and provides appropriate recommendations for strengthening the poultry industry in Ghana.

Published
2022
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6. The struggle of Freemasonry and Islamic ideology in the twentieth century during colonialization in Indonesia

Author

Ajid Thohir, Dedi Supriadi, Mulyana, Faizal Arifin, and Muhammad Andi Septiadi

Subjects
Freemasonry, Colonialism, Dutch East Indies, Priyayi, Islamic movement, Science (General), Q1-390, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract

Dutch colonialization with a colonial pattern indirectly left the perpetuation of the devide et impera politics among indigenous elites in Indonesia. The use of the natives as colonizers had resulted in conflicts and increased competitiveness patterns between priyayi and santri. Consequently, the clash of religious ideology with the new aristocratic model (Dutch priyayi) was inevitable. Freemasonry's propaganda successfully recruited many indigenous elites and significantly contributed to Dutch Colonialism. This study was historical research with several stages: heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. Dutch Colonialism's upbringing was projected to successfully deal with the rise of santri organizations, such as Syarikat Islam (SI), Muhammadiyah, and Nahdlatul ‘Ulama (NU). These organizations aggressively revived resistance against the Dutch colonial in the 1920s. Freemasonry succeeded in clashing Javanese culture with Arabic (Islamic) culture to separate the indigenous elite from religious groups, considered radical and threatening Western colonialism. Freemasonry aimed to reject various forms of religious fanaticism and was an anti-religious dogma. The practice of colonialism and the role of Freemasonry has a common interest resulting in a mutually beneficial relationship.

Published
2021
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7. Performance of smallholder soybean farmers in Ghana; evidence from Upper West Region of Ghana

Author

Francis Akabo Asodina, Faizal Adams, Fred Nimoh, Bright Owusu Asante, and Amos Mensah

Subjects
Technical efficiency, Stochastic frontier analyses, Soybean production, Ghana, Agriculture (General), S1-972, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641
Abstract

The economic importance of soybean towards poverty alleviation and food security is gaining wider popularity and common acceptance among smallholder farmers in sub-Sahara Africa, especially in Ghana. Commercial soybean cultivation is relatively new in Ghana; hence it has recently benefited from several productivities enhancing innovation/technologies. However, despite these efforts, productivity has remained low. This paper investigates factors affecting production efficiency among commercial soybean farmers, across the three commercial districts of the Upper West region of Ghana. A cross-sectional data collected from 271 soybean farmers were used to investigate technical efficiency of soybean production. The overall mean technical efficiency estimate is 59% with a scale elasticity of 0.89-indicating a huge scope for efficiency improvement. The result shows that, farmers experience in soybean production heavily influenced technical efficiency of output. With the existing technology and production resources, soybean farmers can improve their current levels of soybean production by 41% through the adoption of best production practices.

Published
2021
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8. Profit efficiency among maize farmers and implications for poverty alleviation and food security in Ghana

Author

Camillus Abawiera Wongnaa, Dadson Awunyo-Vitor, Amos Mensah, and Faizal Adams

Subjects
Science
Abstract

In this study, we analysed the profit efficiency of Ghanaian maize farmers using data collected from 576 farmers in four agro ecological zones of Ghana. The stochastic frontier translog profit function was the main method of analysis. We find that maize production in Ghana is profitable but profitability will be adversely affected if prices of relevant inputs (pesticides, fertiliser, herbicides, labour and seeds) and farm size increased. Generally, the mean profit efficiency for all farmers was estimated to be 48.4% and maize farmers in the transitional zone were most efficient in their profit levels. Finally, profit efficiency was found to be influenced by educational level, gender, access to agricultural extension officers, good roads and credit. Improvement in the quality of road infrastructure in Ghana's maize producing areas could help lower the prices of production inputs. Stakeholders (Government and Non-Governmental Organisations) in the maize industry are encouraged to help put subsidies on prices of production inputs to make them accessible and cost effective in employing them. They are also advised to help provide extension agents with appropriate incentives that will make them committed to their duties. Implementation of the above recommendations among others will improve profit efficiency of Ghanaian maize farmers and make the maize industry an avenue for job creation and a recipe for helping Ghana to meet the sustainable development goals on no poverty and zero hunger. Keywords: Efficiency, Maize, Stochastic frontier, Translog profit function, Single step

Published
2019
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9. List of contributors

Author

Abd Razak, Siti Suraya, primary, Abidin, Siti Aimi Sarah Zainal, additional, Ahmad, Nurul Hawa, additional, Ahmad Hairi, Amelia Najwa, additional, Akinpelu, Adeola Akeem, additional, Aziz, Siti Hajar, additional, Bakar, Suzaira, additional, Bujang, Aishah, additional, Dos Mohamed, Abdul Manan, additional, Easa, Azhar Mat, additional, Elgharbawy, Amal A.M., additional, Farouk, Mustafa M., additional, Hakim, Muhammad Hail Haris Muhammad, additional, Hashim, Hanini Ilyana, additional, Hashim, Noor Haslina, additional, Heng, Jerry Y.Y., additional, Iberahim, Nurul Aqilah, additional, Jalil, Asmah Norliza Abd, additional, Karde, Vikram, additional, Len, Kelly Yong Tau, additional, Maqsood-ul-Haque, Suzihaque, additional, Marikkar, Nazrim, additional, Mohd Zaini, Nurul Solehah, additional, Murni, Karim, additional, Musa, Najiah, additional, Mutalib, Siti Roha Ab, additional, Nasir, Shahrin, additional, Nizar, Nina Naquiah Ahmad, additional, Nordin, Noor Faizul Hadry, additional, Pa’ee, Khairul Faizal, additional, Post, Mark J., additional, Rahim, Muhamad Hafiz Abd, additional, Rahman, Md Mahfujur, additional, Ramli, Siti Suhara, additional, Wan Rasdi, Wan Nurul Nadiah, additional, Razali, Nadia, additional, Razimi, Mohd Shahril Ahmad, additional, Razman, Nur Azira, additional, Sabri, Mohamad Zulkeflee, additional, Sani, Muhamad Shirwan Abdullah, additional, Saparin, Norliza, additional, Seow, Eng-Keng, additional, Seow, Lay-Jing, additional, Shadan, Hezlin, additional, Shaharuddin, Shahrulzaman, additional, Shariff, S. Sarifah Radiah, additional, Shoid, Nursyamimi Zawani Mohd, additional, Suhaimi, Hidayu, additional, Sukor, Arina Shairah Abdul, additional, Suresh, Suganisha, additional, Taib, Mohd Nasir, additional, Talib, Norfahana Abd, additional, Tan, Thuan-Chew, additional, Taufik, Areej Mohd, additional, Yaacob, Teh Zaharah, additional, Veny, Harumi, additional, Wahab, Suraya Abd, additional, Wong, Fadzlie Wong Faizal, additional, Yahaya, Noorfatimah, additional, Yaji, Emmy Liza Anak, additional, Yuslan, Amirah, additional, Zain, Nur Nadhirah Mohamad, additional, Zakaria, Zalina, additional, Zakariya, Nor Syafarah, additional, and Zaman, Maslia Manja Badrul, additional

Published
2023
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12. List of contributors

Author

Adachi, Shuji, primary, Aktas, Turkan, additional, Alibas, Ilknur, additional, Amirnordin, Shahrin Hisham, additional, Anandharamakrishnan, C., additional, Asik Aygun, Serenay, additional, Bennamoun, Lyes, additional, Berteli, Michele Nehemy, additional, Md Yudin, Ahmmad Shukrie, additional, Bitencourt, Bruna Sousa, additional, Bolat, Enise Betül, additional, Carvalho, Gisandro Reis, additional, Dincer, Cuneyt, additional, Dorfeshan, M., additional, Augusto, Pedro Esteves Duarte, additional, Erbay, Zafer, additional, Ertekin, Can, additional, Essalhi, Hajar, additional, Guedes, Jaqueline Souza, additional, Hinderlich, Martin, additional, Homayoonfal, Mina, additional, Jafari, Seid Mahdi, additional, Kalkan, Tugce Atbakan, additional, Kohlus, Reinhard, additional, Malekjani, Narjes, additional, Mehrzad, S., additional, Mohideen Batcha, Mohd Faizal, additional, Moses, J.A., additional, Mujumdar, A.S., additional, Murphy, Eoin, additional, Ndukwu, Macmanus Chinenye, additional, O'Connor, Eibhlís M., additional, O'Reilly, Emmet, additional, Ogawa, Takenobu, additional, Orrego, Carlos Eduardo, additional, Pan, Zhongli, additional, Patel, Gopesh, additional, Pathak, Sumit Sudhir, additional, Patra, Abhipriya, additional, Pereira, Nádia Rosa, additional, Prudhvi, P.V.V.P., additional, Raghavan, G.S.V., additional, Rastogi, Navin K., additional, Rojas, Meliza Lindsay, additional, Rupp, Thomas, additional, Salgado, Natalia, additional, Salum, Pelin, additional, Santos, Karoline Costa, additional, Sarmiento, Luisa Fernanda, additional, Shirkole, Shivanand S., additional, Sonawane, Akshay D., additional, Talemy, Fatemeh Poureshmanan, additional, Topuz, Ayhan, additional, Trojosky, Mathias, additional, Venkitasamy, Chandrasekar, additional, Wettring, Marcel, additional, Yoha, K.S., additional, Ziaee, Ahmad, additional, and Zolqadri, Roshanak, additional

Published
2023
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14. List of contributors

Author

Aldalur, Ane, primary, Andrei, Mihaela, additional, Bandara, Nandika, additional, Bansal, Vasudha, additional, Bhandari, Bhesh R., additional, Bin Muhd Faizal Abdullah Tan, Muhammad Faiz, additional, Buckow, Roman, additional, C., Lankatillake, additional, D., Dias, additional, Das, Sujit, additional, Dedhia, Nirali, additional, Devnani, Bhanu, additional, Elez-Martínez, Pedro, additional, Fadimu, Gbemisola J., additional, Fang, Zhongxiang, additional, Gaiani, Claire, additional, Gawai, Kunal, additional, Godoi, Fernanda C., additional, Gras, Sally L., additional, Hati, Subrota, additional, Kathiriya, Mital R., additional, Katopo, Lita, additional, Kim, Woojeong, additional, Leonard, William, additional, López-Gámez, Gloria, additional, Munialo, Claire D., additional, Naik, Rishi Ravindra, additional, Nawaz, Malik Adil, additional, Ningtyas, Dian Widya, additional, Olatunde, Oladipupo Odunayo, additional, Ong, Lydia, additional, Prakash, Sangeeta, additional, Sahu, Jatindra K., additional, Selomulya, Cordelia, additional, Shah, Narendra, additional, Sharma, Nitya, additional, Soliva-Fortuny, Robert, additional, Soukoulis, Christos, additional, Srianta, Ignatius, additional, Stockmann, Regine, additional, T., Huynh, additional, Tay, Jun Kiat Kovis, additional, Tewfik, Ihab, additional, Truong, Tuyen, additional, Wang, Yong, additional, Yuliarti, Oni, additional, and Zubaidah, Elok, additional

Published
2023
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15. Fluidized bed dryers

Author

Mohideen Batcha, Mohd Faizal, primary, Amirnordin, Shahrin Hisham, additional, and Md Yudin, Ahmmad Shukrie, additional

Published
2023
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19. List of contributors

Author

Abdul, Peer Mohamed, primary, Acda, Menandro N., additional, Agutaya, Jonas Karl Christopher N., additional, Ahmad, Razi, additional, Akhbari, Azam, additional, Al-Ansari, Tareq, additional, Ali, Muhammad Luqman Md, additional, Alias, Nur Haziqah, additional, Alsaidi, Ola, additional, Ani, Asnida Yanti, additional, Arif Hakimi Saadon, Syazmi Zul, additional, Assabumrungrat, Suttichai, additional, Auresenia, Joseph, additional, Aziz, Suraini Abd, additional, Bakar, Izza Nadira Abu, additional, Bardhan, Pritam, additional, Bhattacharya, Satya S., additional, Bukhari, Nurul Adela, additional, Cheah, Kin Wai, additional, Cheng, Yoke Wang, additional, Chew, Jiuan Jing, additional, Chin, Bridgid Lai Fui, additional, Chua, Sze Yu, additional, Dasan, Yaleeni Kanna, additional, Deka, Anuron, additional, Dolah, Rozzeta, additional, Evans, Geraint, additional, Fang, Yi, additional, Ghenai, Chaouki, additional, Harun, Shuhaida, additional, Hashim, Haslenda, additional, Hassan, Mohamad Zaki, additional, Hii, Siaw Weii, additional, How, Bing Shen, additional, Hussain, Azieyati Hani, additional, Ibrahim, Mohamad Faizal, additional, Ibrahim, Shaliza, additional, Ibrar, Asad, additional, Idris, Muhammad Nurariffudin Mohd, additional, Ilham, Zul, additional, Inayat, Abrar, additional, Inayat, Muddasser, additional, Ishak, Mohd Azlan Mohd, additional, Jahim, Jamaliah Md, additional, Kadir, Wan Nadiah Amalina, additional, Kam, Yik Lam, additional, Kamaludin, Ramizah, additional, Kassim, Mohd Asyraf, additional, Kataki, Rupam, additional, Khan, Zakir, additional, Kida, Tetsuya, additional, Lam, Hon Loong, additional, Lam, Man Kee, additional, Lau, Harrison Lik Nang, additional, Li, Jian-Ping, additional, Li, Wangliang, additional, Lim, Chun Hsion, additional, Lim, Huei Yeong, additional, Lim, Jun Wei, additional, Lim, Steven, additional, Lock, Serene Sow Mun, additional, Loh, Soh Kheang, additional, Loy, Adrian Chun Minh, additional, Luthfi, Abdullah Amru Indera, additional, Majing, Fanthagiro Rossi Stuard Anak, additional, Mandal, Manabendra, additional, Meng, Tan Kean, additional, Nasrin, Abu Bakar, additional, Ng, Wendy Pei Qin, additional, Ngan, Sue Lin, additional, Nursyairah, Jalil, additional, Osman, Noridah Binti, additional, Patel, Raj, additional, Porgar, Sajjad, additional, Quitain, Armando T., additional, Rahmanian, Nejat, additional, Rianawati, Elisabeth, additional, Rosli, Siti-Suhailah, additional, Samson, Abby, additional, Shahbaz, Muhammad, additional, Skoulou, Vasiliki, additional, Subramaniam, Vijaya, additional, Sukiran, Mohamad Azri, additional, Sun, Xiuquan, additional, Syed Ismail, Syarifah Nursyimi Azlina, additional, Talib, Nur Nabila, additional, Tan, Inn Shi, additional, Tan, Raymond R., additional, Tariq, Rumaisa, additional, Taylor, Martin J., additional, Thaddeus, Daryl Jay, additional, Unrean, Pornkamol, additional, Wen, Andy Law Kai, additional, Yee, Phang Lai, additional, Yiin, Chung Loong, additional, You, Siming, additional, Yusup, Suzana, additional, Zafar, Salman, additional, and Zullaikah, Siti, additional

Published
2022
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20. List of contributors

Author

Abdull Razis, Ahmad Faizal, primary, Abdullah, Che Azurahanim Che, additional, Afoakwah, Newlove A., additional, Ahmed, Rasheeda Hamid Abdalla, additional, AhmedIsmail, Essa Mohammed, additional, Albuquerque, Tânia Gonçalves, additional, Alves, Rita Carneiro, additional, Barlina, Rindengan, additional, Bosco, Simone Morelo Dal, additional, Chan, Kim Wei, additional, Chia, Suet Lin, additional, Chin, Voon Kin, additional, Costa, Helena S., additional, Costa, Nataly, additional, da Capela, Arthur, additional, da Mata, Isabella Rosa, additional, da Silva, Ana Carolina, additional, Dewandari, Kun Tanti, additional, Díaz-Domínguez, Yosvany, additional, Ermumcu, Merve Şeyda Karaçil, additional, Esa, Norhaizan Mohd, additional, Faudzi, Siti Munirah Mohd., additional, Fernández-Santan, Elina, additional, Garavaglia, Juliano, additional, Gedi, Mohamed A., additional, Guclu, Gamze, additional, Habibzadeh, Farhad, additional, Hadi, Sara Thamer, additional, Hazrati, Saeid, additional, Herawan, Tjahjono, additional, Ibrahim, Salwa Elamin, additional, Ismail, Norsharina, additional, Jarret, Robert L., additional, Jorge, Neuza, additional, Kelebek, Hasim, additional, Khong, Nicholas M.H., additional, Lelis, Carini, additional, Leong, Sze Wei, additional, Liew, Fong Fong, additional, Mahunu, Gustav Komla, additional, Mariod, Abdalbasit Adam, additional, Martins, Alisson Felipe, additional, Mastuki, Siti Nurulhuda, additional, Mollaei, Saeed, additional, Mulyawanti, Ira, additional, Nkambule, T.P., additional, Nwaiwu, Ogueri, additional, Oliveira, M. Beatriz P.P., additional, Ooi, Der Jiun, additional, Paula, Daniele, additional, Piloto-Rodríguez, Ramón, additional, Qian, Ying, additional, Rondón-Macias, Maylin, additional, Rudzińska, Magdalena, additional, Saad, Norazalina, additional, Selli, Serkan, additional, Sevindik, Onur, additional, Silva, Mafalda Alexandra, additional, Solomon, W.K., additional, Sulieman, Abdel Moneim Elhadi, additional, Tabio-García, Danger, additional, Tahir, Haroon Elrasheid, additional, Veronezi, Carolina M., additional, and Xiaobo, Zou, additional

Published
2022
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21. List of contributors

Author

Achinas, Spyridon, primary, Achinas, Vasileios, additional, Ahmad, Mohamad Faizal, additional, Alam, Md. Saiful, additional, Arumugam, Nithiya, additional, Arun, S., additional, Asif, Saira, additional, Bokhari, Awais, additional, Chandra, Rashmi, additional, Chelliapan, Shreeshivadasan, additional, Chuah, Lai Fatt, additional, Din, Mohd. Fadhil Md., additional, Ebrahimi, Shirin Shafiei, additional, Euverink, Gerrit Jan Willem, additional, Faizal, Che Ku Mohammad, additional, Ghosh, Pooja, additional, Hariharan, S., additional, Islam, M. Amirul, additional, Jaibiba, P., additional, Kamyab, Hesam, additional, Karim, Ahasanul, additional, Karim, Shefa Ul, additional, Khan, Md. Maksudur Rahman, additional, Krishnan, Santhana, additional, Kumar, Manoj, additional, Laamanen, Corey A., additional, Mahapatra, D.M., additional, Michelle, Leow Zi Yan, additional, Naga Vignesh, S., additional, Naik, S.N., additional, Nasrullah, Mohd, additional, Pakshirajan, Kannan, additional, Ramasamy, Surjith, additional, Rezania, Shahabaldin, additional, Sahay, Arunaditya, additional, Sahoo, N.K., additional, Sahota, Shivali, additional, Sahu, S.N., additional, Sánchez, Carlos Eduardo Gámez, additional, Scott, John A., additional, Sengupta, Subhanjan, additional, Shah, Goldy, additional, Singh, Lakhveer, additional, Sinharoy, Arindam, additional, Taib, Shazwin Mat, additional, Tanveer, Md. Sifat, additional, Trinh, Huong, additional, Uribe, Janet Alejandra Gutiérrez, additional, Vijay, Virendra Kumar, additional, Vishal, Garima, additional, Wahid, Zularisam Abdul, additional, Yousuf, Abu, additional, Yusup, Suzana, additional, and Zainuddin, Nur Azmira, additional

Published
2020
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22. Green solvents for bioremediation

Author

Asli, Umi Aisah, primary, Azman, Nur Raudhah, additional, Abidin, Muhammad Hissammudin Shah Zainal, additional, Sakaria, Nor Dina, additional, Abd-Talib, Norfahana, additional, Pa’ee, Khairul Faizal, additional, and Len, Kelly Yong Tau, additional

Published
2021
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24. List of Contributors

Author

Ahmed, Iftikhar, primary, Amirul Islam, M., additional, Anand, M., additional, Aslam, Ambreen, additional, Bilad, Muhammad Roil, additional, Chamy, Rolando, additional, Cheirsilp, Benjamas, additional, Choo, Min-Yee, additional, Córdova, Olivia, additional, Fazal, Tahir, additional, Faizal, Che Ku Mohammad, additional, Franco Morgado, M., additional, García, D., additional, González-Sánchez, A., additional, Hakim Wirzal, Mohd Dzul, additional, Han, Pei, additional, Iqbal, Javed, additional, Jiao, Kailin, additional, Jing, Keju, additional, Juan, Joon Ching, additional, Karim, Ahasanul, additional, Kassim, Mohd Asyraf, additional, Khalid, Zaied Bin, additional, Khan, Md Maksudur Rahman, additional, Kornaros, Michael, additional, Koutra, Eleni, additional, Kumar, Shishir, additional, Leam, Jia Jia, additional, Lee, Hwei Voon, additional, Li, Jingjing, additional, Ling, Tau Chuan, additional, Lin, Lu, additional, Lu, Qian, additional, Lu, Yinghua, additional, Mandik, Yohanis Irenius, additional, Manirafasha, Emmanuel, additional, Méndez-Acosta, H.O., additional, Mishra, Sandhya, additional, Mu, Dongyan, additional, Murwanashyaka, Theophile, additional, Nawaz, Tabish, additional, Ndikubwimana, Theoneste, additional, Ng, Eng-Poh, additional, Oi, Lee Eng, additional, Pancha, Imran, additional, Pandey, Ashok, additional, Park, Won-Kun, additional, Pollio, Antonino, additional, Rahman, Ashiqur, additional, Ram, Shristi, additional, Ranjitha, J., additional, Rashid, Naim, additional, Rehman, Fahad, additional, Sahoo, Dianbandhu, additional, Saif Ur Rehman, Muhammad, additional, Sakarika, Myrsini, additional, Selvaratnam, Thinesh, additional, Serejo, M.L., additional, Shan, Ali, additional, Srinuanpan, Sirasit, additional, Steyer, Jean-Philippe, additional, Sun, Yong, additional, Kean Meng, Tan, additional, Tang, Xing, additional, Terpou, Antonia, additional, Toledo-Cervantes, A., additional, Tsafrakidou, Panagiota, additional, Ummalyma, Sabeela Beevi, additional, Vamsi Bharadwaj, S.V., additional, Vijayalakshmi, S., additional, Wibisono, Yusuf, additional, Xin, Chunhua, additional, Xu, Yuanchao, additional, Yousuf, Abu, additional, Zaman, Qamar uz, additional, Zeng, Xianhai, additional, Zhou, Wenguang, additional, and Zuccaro, Gaetano, additional

Published
2020
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25. List of contributors

Author

Adassooriya, Nadeesh M., primary, Ajayi, Ayodeji Samuel, additional, Akinnola, Olayemi Oluseun, additional, Benson, N.U., additional, Borah, Preetismita, additional, Bux, Faizal, additional, Devi, Pooja, additional, Dhodpakar, Rita, additional, Dubey, Shikha, additional, Dutta, Snigdha, additional, Effiok, W.W., additional, Enueme, Isioma Nneamaka, additional, Egwari, L.O., additional, Gusain, Deepak, additional, Hariganesh, S., additional, Hong, Yu, additional, Islam, Nazim Forid, additional, Kapley, Atya, additional, Kar, Sonika, additional, Kaur, Tarandeep, additional, Kumar, Manish, additional, Kwarciak-Kozłowska, Anna, additional, Liu, Xiaoya, additional, Maruthamani, D., additional, Mishra, Brijesh K., additional, Ogunleye, Bimpe Omowunmi, additional, Poleneni, Sandhya Rao, additional, Prasad, Majeti Narasimha Vara, additional, Priya, Tanwi, additional, Radhapyari, Keisham, additional, Rangabhashiyam, S., additional, Rienzie, Ryan, additional, Sarma, Hemen, additional, Sendanayake, L.R., additional, Senthilkumaran, Balasubramanian, additional, Sharma, Yogesh Chandra, additional, Srivastav, Arun Lal, additional, Thokchom, Binota, additional, Ugboko, H.U., additional, Vadivel, S., additional, and Yadav, Shailendra, additional

Published
2020
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27. Dry fermenters for biogas production

Author

Yousuf, Abu, primary, Karim, Ahasanul, additional, Islam, M. Amirul, additional, Karim, Shefa Ul, additional, Khan, Md. Maksudur Rahman, additional, and Faizal, Che Ku Mohammad, additional

Published
2020
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30. Biographies

Author

Chiniara, Gilles, primary, Alinier, Guillaume, additional, Ammirati, Christine, additional, Amsallem, Carole, additional, Assard, Michael, additional, Asselin, Mathieu, additional, Babin, Marie-Julie, additional, Belda, Thomas E., additional, Bissett, Wendy, additional, Boivin, Marie-Claude, additional, Brindley, Peter G., additional, Bragard, Isabelle, additional, Brost, Brian C., additional, Buléon, Clément, additional, Burgess, Gavin, additional, Cabon, Julien, additional, Callahan, Margaret Faut, additional, Campbell, Krystle, additional, Cardinal, Pierre, additional, Catena, Helen, additional, Cavalcanti, Rodrigo B., additional, Chatfield, Jenny, additional, Cheng, Adam, additional, Cheung, Jeffrey J.H., additional, Chow, Roger E., additional, Clark, Marcia Lynn, additional, Codsi, Elisabeth, additional, Côté, Geneviève, additional, Crelinsten, Linda, additional, Cripps, Amy, additional, Der Sahakian, Guillaume, additional, de Varennes, Maxime, additional, Dieckmann, Peter, additional, Discuteanu, Claude, additional, Dogan, Burcu, additional, Ersdal, Hege Langli, additional, Fournier, Jean-Paul, additional, Fraser, Kristin L., additional, Ghuysen, Alexandre, additional, Gignon, Maxime, additional, Grant, Vincent, additional, Grierson, Lawrence, additional, Guimont, Sylvie, additional, Haji, Faizal A., additional, Heinrichs, Wolfgang, additional, Henze, Wesley J., additional, Horsley, Tanya, additional, Hssain, Ismaël, additional, Hunt, Barry, additional, Jamault, Béatrice, additional, Kaba, Alyshah, additional, Kaye, Alan D., additional, Korndorffer, James R., additional, Krause, Mary Katherine, additional, Jacobsen, Rikke Vita Borre, additional, Jaffrelot, Morgan, additional, Jouquan, Jean, additional, Kozmenko, Lyubov, additional, Kozmenko, Valeriy, additional, Lafleur, Alexandre, additional, Landry, Kerri, additional, Lau, James, additional, Lecomte, François, additional, Levin, Helen, additional, Lewandowski, William E., additional, Lineberry, Matthew, additional, Lois, Fernande, additional, Monteiro, Sandra, additional, Morissette, Geneviève, additional, Naik, Viren N., additional, Naismith, Laura M., additional, Ng, Elaine, additional, Nitsche, Joshua F., additional, Nonglaton, Severine, additional, Norman, Geoff, additional, Pelaccia, Thierry, additional, Pelletier, Mélanie, additional, Pilote, Bruno, additional, Posner, Glenn D., additional, Pugh, Carla, additional, Rall, Marcus, additional, Raymond-Dufresne, Éliane, additional, Ridgway, Tim, additional, Rivière, Etienne, additional, Salame, Wael, additional, Savoldelli, Georges L., additional, Schellpfeffer, Shane, additional, Secheresse, Thierry, additional, Servotte, Jean-Christophe, additional, Sibbald, Matthew, additional, Staccini, Pascal M., additional, St-Onge, Christina, additional, St-Pierre, Liette, additional, Stern, David H., additional, Szarek, John L., additional, Szauter, Karen, additional, Tavares, Walter, additional, Tremblay, Marie-Laurence, additional, Tuffnell, Chris, additional, Van Melle, Elaine, additional, Verjee, Mohamud A., additional, Yall, Djeinaba, additional, and Abi Raad, Vanda Yazbeck-Karam, additional

Published
2019
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31. List of contributors

Author

Siti Suraya Abd Razak, Siti Aimi Sarah Zainal Abidin, Nurul Hawa Ahmad, Amelia Najwa Ahmad Hairi, Adeola Akeem Akinpelu, Siti Hajar Aziz, Suzaira Bakar, Aishah Bujang, Abdul Manan Dos Mohamed, Azhar Mat Easa, Amal A.M. Elgharbawy, Mustafa M. Farouk, Muhammad Hail Haris Muhammad Hakim, Hanini Ilyana Hashim, Noor Haslina Hashim, Jerry Y.Y. Heng, Nurul Aqilah Iberahim, Asmah Norliza Abd Jalil, Vikram Karde, Kelly Yong Tau Len, Suzihaque Maqsood-ul-Haque, Nazrim Marikkar, Nurul Solehah Mohd Zaini, Karim Murni, Najiah Musa, Siti Roha Ab Mutalib, Shahrin Nasir, Nina Naquiah Ahmad Nizar, Noor Faizul Hadry Nordin, Khairul Faizal Pa’ee, Mark J. Post, Muhamad Hafiz Abd Rahim, Md Mahfujur Rahman, Siti Suhara Ramli, Wan Nurul Nadiah Wan Rasdi, Nadia Razali, Mohd Shahril Ahmad Razimi, Nur Azira Razman, Mohamad Zulkeflee Sabri, Muhamad Shirwan Abdullah Sani, Norliza Saparin, Eng-Keng Seow, Lay-Jing Seow, Hezlin Shadan, Shahrulzaman Shaharuddin, S. Sarifah Radiah Shariff, Nursyamimi Zawani Mohd Shoid, Hidayu Suhaimi, Arina Shairah Abdul Sukor, Suganisha Suresh, Mohd Nasir Taib, Norfahana Abd Talib, Thuan-Chew Tan, Areej Mohd Taufik, Teh Zaharah Yaacob, Harumi Veny, Suraya Abd Wahab, Fadzlie Wong Faizal Wong, Noorfatimah Yahaya, Emmy Liza Anak Yaji, Amirah Yuslan, Nur Nadhirah Mohamad Zain, Zalina Zakaria, Nor Syafarah Zakariya, and Maslia Manja Badrul Zaman

Published
2023
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33. Evaluation of antioxidant and antibacterial activities of fish protein hydrolysate produced from Malaysian fish sausage (Keropok Lekor) by-products by indigenous Lactobacillus casei fermentation

Author

Abd Rashid, Nur Yuhasliza, Abdul Manan, Musaalbakri, Pa'ee, Khairul Faizal, Saari, Nazamid, Faizal Wong, Fadzlie Wong, Abd Rashid, Nur Yuhasliza, Abdul Manan, Musaalbakri, Pa'ee, Khairul Faizal, Saari, Nazamid, and Faizal Wong, Fadzlie Wong

Abstract

Malaysian fish sausage, Keropok Lekor (KL), is a popular fish snack in Malaysia. The fish by-products (FBPs) from KL processing comprise a significant quantity of proteins with high nutritional value. However, in Malaysia, such FBPs are either disposed of into waterways, which may cause environmental pollution, or are processed into products of low economic value, such as fertiliser and animal feed. To maximise the potential of FBPs, a microbial fermentation approach can be used to convert FBPs into bioactive fish protein hydrolysate (FPH). Bioactive FPH has higher economic value due to its potential as a bio-ingredient in the nutraceutical and functional food industries. This study aimed to evaluate antioxidant and antibacterial activities of FPHs from FBPs of KL processing produced by four indigenous Lactobacillus casei strains (LC216, LC217, LC219, and LC220). The relationship between the level and composition of free amino acids during fermentation and the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the produced FPH was evaluated. The results showed that the FPHs produced using the four L. casei strains had higher 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activities (82.8–88.4%) than that of the unfermented FBPs (78.9%). The obtained half-maximal effective concentrations (EC50) of the FPHs were also significantly lower (p < 0.05) than those of the unfermented FBPs. The ferrous chelating ability of the FPHs produced using strain LC217 improved by 68.43% compared to that of the unfermented FBPs. Furthermore, compared to the unfermented FBPs, the FPHs produced using strains LC216 and LC217 had a significantly higher (p < 0.05) maximum growth inhibition against Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli and Listeria innocua. Moreover, there was a positive relationship between the degree of hydrolysis and the bioactivities. A strong positive correlation also existed between the level of antioxidant amino acids content and antioxida

Published
2022

34. Optimization of fermentation medium components by response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network hybrid with genetic algorithm (ANN-GA) for lipase production by Burkholderia cenocepacia ST8 using used automotive engine oil as substrate

Author

Lau, Hui-Lane, Faizal Wong, Fadzlie Wong, Raja Abd Rahman, Raja Noor Zaliha, Mohamed, Mohd Shamzi, Ariff, Arbakariya, Hii, Siew-Ling, Lau, Hui-Lane, Faizal Wong, Fadzlie Wong, Raja Abd Rahman, Raja Noor Zaliha, Mohamed, Mohd Shamzi, Ariff, Arbakariya, and Hii, Siew-Ling

Abstract

Bioconversion of used automotive engine oil (UEO) into lipase was conducted via submerged fermentation by Burkholderia cenocepacia ST8, as a strategy for value-added product generation and waste management. Response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network hybrid with genetic algorithm (ANN-GA) were employed to optimize the fermentation medium for enhancing extracellular lipase production by B. cenocepacia ST8. Employing a four-factor-five-level central composite rotatable experimental design (CCRD), a reduced quartic polynomial RSM model and ANN model (4-4-1) trained using Bayesian Regularization were developed to attain the optimized fermentation medium for maximum level of lipase production. The RSM model predicted the following as the optimum media constituents: 2.28 v/v of Tween 80, 2.26 v/v of UEO, 0.79 w/v of nutrient broth, and 1.33 w/v of gum arabic, with an actual lipase yield of 216 U/mL. While, ANN-GA predicted the optimum media constituents to be 3 v/v of Tween 80, 3 v/v of UEO, 0.72 w/v of nutrient broth, and 3.38 w/v of gum arabic, with actual lipase yield of 225 U/mL. In comparison to the unoptimized medium, optimized RSM and ANN-GA systems both demonstrated a 1.6-fold increment in lipase production. Tween 80 and nutrient broth concentrations were the most important variables influencing the lipase production. The findings of this study indicated that the ANN-GA and RSM could be useful for effective optimization of the fermentation medium for enzyme production.

Published
2023

35. Optimizing extraction of antioxidative biostimulant from waste onion peels for microalgae cultivation via response surface model

Author

Suparmaniam, Uganeeswary, Lam, Man Kee, Rawindran, Hemamalini, Lim, Jun Wei, Pa'ee, Khairul Faizal, Yong, Kelly Tau Len, Tan, Inn Shi, Chin, Bridgid, Pau, Show Loke, Lee, Keat Teong, Suparmaniam, Uganeeswary, Lam, Man Kee, Rawindran, Hemamalini, Lim, Jun Wei, Pa'ee, Khairul Faizal, Yong, Kelly Tau Len, Tan, Inn Shi, Chin, Bridgid, Pau, Show Loke, and Lee, Keat Teong

Published
2023

37. List of Contributors

Author

Amiri, Ali, primary, Arockiam, Naveen Jesu, additional, Asim, Mohammad, additional, Balasubramanian, K., additional, Basavegowda, Yogesha, additional, Boccardi, Simone, additional, Burkart, Victoria, additional, Carlomagno, Giovanni M., additional, Chandrasekar, Muthukumar, additional, Ghori, Syed Waheedullah, additional, Gobalakrishnan, Mohana K., additional, Ishak, M.R., additional, Jamir, Mohammad R.M., additional, Jawaid, Mohammad, additional, Jayakrishna, Kandasamy, additional, Kar, Vishesh R., additional, Khasri, Azduwin, additional, Kreculj, Dragan, additional, Leman, Z., additional, Loganathan, Tamil M., additional, Majid, Mohammad S.A., additional, Meola, Carosena, additional, Muda, Mohd Khirul Hafiz, additional, Mustapha, Faizal, additional, Nasir, Mohammad, additional, Puttegowda, Madhu, additional, Rahim, Erween A., additional, Rajesh, Murugan, additional, Rajeswari, N., additional, Rajini, N., additional, Rangappa, Sanjay Mavinakere, additional, Rasheed, Masrat, additional, Rasuo, Bosko, additional, Saba, Naheed, additional, Sapuan, S.M., additional, Sasahara, Hiroyuki, additional, Senthilkumar, K., additional, Shivanna, Pradeep, additional, Siakeng, Ramengmawii, additional, Siengchin, Suchart, additional, Siva, I., additional, Sultan, Mohamed T.H., additional, Ulven, Chad, additional, Webster, Dean, additional, Winowlin Jappes, J.T., additional, and Yu, Arvin, additional

Published
2018
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38. Ethanol ablation for management of large cyst hygroma colli in adult: A case report

Author

Kristanto Yuli Yarso, null Suyatmi, Monica Bellynda, Kamila Muyasarah, and Faizal Muhammad

Subjects
Surgery, Case Report
Abstract

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Cystic hygroma in adult is a rare condition that is typically treated with surgery, but in some cases, the cyst may be difficult to completely remove, leading to the potential of recurrence. CASE PRESENTATION: In this case report, we describe the use of ethanol ablation as an alternative treatment for a rapidly growing cystic hygroma in an adult patient. The patient had a lump on her neck for 2 years that had been slowly growing. The cyst was drained and filled with ethanol, and a drain was left in place for 24 h. Follow-up evaluations showed no evidence of the lump, no pain, and no discharge after 6 months. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: Cystic hygroma typically affects young children, but it can also occur in adults. It presents as a painless, progressive mass that is soft, fluctuant, and not tender. It is often located in the neck, axilla, or mediastinum, and can also rarely occur in the groin or retroperitoneal spaces. Surgical excision is the primary treatment, but alternatives such as laser surgery, cryotherapy, electrocautery, steroid administration, sclerotherapy, embolization, and radiation therapy have also been used. In this case report, ethanol ablation was used as a sclerosing agent and was successful in treating the patient's cystic hygroma. CONCLUSION: Ethanol ablation with instillation may be an effective and efficient treatment option for adult single lobe cysts of hygroma colli, but further research is needed to confirm this.

Published
2023

41. List of contributors

Author

Shuji Adachi, Turkan Aktas, Ilknur Alibas, Shahrin Hisham Amirnordin, C. Anandharamakrishnan, Serenay Asik Aygun, Lyes Bennamoun, Michele Nehemy Berteli, Ahmmad Shukrie Md Yudin, Bruna Sousa Bitencourt, Enise Betül Bolat, Gisandro Reis Carvalho, Cuneyt Dincer, M. Dorfeshan, Pedro Esteves Duarte Augusto, Zafer Erbay, Can Ertekin, Hajar Essalhi, Jaqueline Souza Guedes, Martin Hinderlich, Mina Homayoonfal, Seid Mahdi Jafari, Tugce Atbakan Kalkan, Reinhard Kohlus, Narjes Malekjani, S. Mehrzad, Mohd Faizal Mohideen Batcha, J.A. Moses, A.S. Mujumdar, Eoin Murphy, Macmanus Chinenye Ndukwu, Eibhlís M. O'Connor, Emmet O'Reilly, Takenobu Ogawa, Carlos Eduardo Orrego, Zhongli Pan, Gopesh Patel, Sumit Sudhir Pathak, Abhipriya Patra, Nádia Rosa Pereira, P.V.V.P. Prudhvi, G.S.V. Raghavan, Navin K. Rastogi, Meliza Lindsay Rojas, Thomas Rupp, Natalia Salgado, Pelin Salum, Karoline Costa Santos, Luisa Fernanda Sarmiento, Shivanand S. Shirkole, Akshay D. Sonawane, Fatemeh Poureshmanan Talemy, Ayhan Topuz, Mathias Trojosky, Chandrasekar Venkitasamy, Marcel Wettring, K.S. Yoha, Ahmad Ziaee, and Roshanak Zolqadri

Published
2023
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43. List of contributors

Author

Ane Aldalur, Mihaela Andrei, Nandika Bandara, Vasudha Bansal, Bhesh R. Bhandari, Muhammad Faiz Bin Muhd Faizal Abdullah Tan, Roman Buckow, Lankatillake C., Dias D., Sujit Das, Nirali Dedhia, Bhanu Devnani, Pedro Elez-Martínez, Gbemisola J. Fadimu, Zhongxiang Fang, Claire Gaiani, Kunal Gawai, Fernanda C. Godoi, Sally L. Gras, Subrota Hati, Mital R. Kathiriya, Lita Katopo, Woojeong Kim, William Leonard, Gloria López-Gámez, Claire D. Munialo, Rishi Ravindra Naik, Malik Adil Nawaz, Dian Widya Ningtyas, Oladipupo Odunayo Olatunde, Lydia Ong, Sangeeta Prakash, Jatindra K. Sahu, Cordelia Selomulya, Narendra Shah, Nitya Sharma, Robert Soliva-Fortuny, Christos Soukoulis, Ignatius Srianta, Regine Stockmann, Huynh T., Jun Kiat Kovis Tay, Ihab Tewfik, Tuyen Truong, Yong Wang, Oni Yuliarti, and Elok Zubaidah

Published
2023
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44. Combustion characteristics of hydrogen in a noble gas compression ignition engine

Author

Wan Mohd Faizal Wan Mahmood, Mohd Radzi Abu Mansor, and Norhidayah Mat Taib

Subjects
Ignitability, Materials science, Hydrogen, Nuclear engineering, Krypton, Ignition delay, chemistry.chemical_element, Noble gas, Combustion, law.invention, TK1-9971, Ignition system, Diesel fuel, General Energy, chemistry, law, Compression ratio, Hydrogen fuel enhancement, Physics::Atomic Physics, Intake temperature, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, Physics::Chemical Physics
Abstract

Hydrogen eliminates carbon emissions from compression ignition (CI) engines, while noble gases eliminate nitrogen oxide (NO x ) emissions by replacing nitrogen. Noble gases can increase the in-cylinder temperature during the compression stroke due to their high specific heat ratio. This paper aims to find the optimum parameters for hydrogen combustion in an argon–oxygen atmosphere and to study hydrogen combustion in all noble gases, providing hydrogen combustion data with suitable engine parameters to predict hydrogen ignitability under different conditions. Simulations are performed with Converge CFD software based on the Yanmar NF19SK direct injection CI (DICI) engine parameters. The results are validated with the experimental results of hydrogen combustion in an argon–oxygen atmosphere with a rapid compression expansion machine (RCEM), and modifications of the hydrogen injection timing and initial temperature are proposed. Hydrogen ignition in an argon atmosphere is dependent on a minimum initial temperature of 340 K, but the combustion is slightly unstable. Helium and neon are found to be suitable for hydrogen combustion in low compression ratio (CR) engines. However, krypton and xenon require temperature modification and a high CR for stable ignition. Detailed parameter recommendations are needed to improve hydrogen ignitability in conventional diesel engines with the least engine modification.

Published
2021

45. Review of current research progress related to magnetorheological elastomer material

Author

Mazli Mustapha, Faizal Mustapha, and Mohamad Fakri Zaky Jaafar

Subjects
Ferromagnetic particle, Materials science, Mining engineering. Metallurgy, Electromagnet, CIP, Metals and Alloys, TN1-997, Mechanical engineering, Magnetorheological elastomer, Elastomer, Smart material, Carbonyl iron particle, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, law.invention, Biomaterials, MRE, law, Ferromagnetic, Magnetorheological fluid, Ceramics and Composites, Anisotropic particles, Current (fluid), Field-dependent composite
Abstract

Magnetorheological (MR) material started to gain exposure when researchers explore the potential of magnetic field-responsive material based on fluid (MRF), foam (MR foam), elastomer (MRE), and gel (MRG). Magnetorheological elastomer (MRE) is a smart material in which its physical properties can be changed rapidly and reversibly under varying magnetic field strength. Due to the potential commercialization of MRE-based devices, the fundamental factors that affect the rheological and mechanical properties of MRE need to be identified and documented properly. Various factors such as ferromagnetic particles' condition, elastomer matrix's condition, strain amplitude, exciting frequency, temperature, and many more have been reviewed and presented with supporting figures highlighting the MRE's current findings. A collection of MRE-based devices is also presented to summarize the applications explored by current researchers. A few challenges in the MRE research require immediate attention. It includes designing an innovative MRE fabrication equipment incorporating an electromagnet to permit anisotropic particle configuration during crosslinking. Moreover, an optimum thickness of MRE needs to be studied in every MRE-based device design to ensure that the magnetic field is optimized thoroughly. Therefore, more studies ought to be done to improve the MRE that can enable the commercialization of MRE in various applications.

Published
2021

46. Disseminated Tuberculosis With Myocarditis and Intracardiac Thrombus in a Previously Young Healthy Woman

Author

Mohd Asyiq Al-Fard bin Mohd Raffali, Hamat Hamdi Che Hassan, Syawal Faizal Muhammad, Patrick Tiau Wei Jyung, Awatif Zohdi, and Diyana Farouk

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Myocarditis, Tuberculosis, ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme, TB, tuberculosis, Cardiomyopathy, heart failure, Case Report, Newly diagnosed, EHRZ, ethambutol-isoniazid-rifampicin-pyrazinamide, PCR, polymerase chain reaction, Clinical Case, Internal medicine, Medicine, cardiovascular diseases, Thrombus, LV, left ventricular, Intracardiac thrombus, business.industry, medicine.disease, CT, computed tomography, tuberculosis, thrombus, Heart failure, Cardiology, cardiovascular system, ECG, electrocardiogram, myocarditis, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, TB - Tuberculosis, cardiomyopathy
Abstract

A 33-year-old woman with newly diagnosed disseminated tuberculosis presented with acute heart failure and incidental findings of intracardiac thrombus, demonstrating possible tuberculous myocarditis. (Level of Difficulty: Intermediate.), Central Illustration

Published
2021

47. Kinetic modelling of low temperature direct coal liquefaction: Consideration of dynamic catalyst activity

Author

Shaheen Amed Faizal Moonsamy, David Lokhat, Milan Carsky, and Ethan Gabriel Hammond

Subjects
Materials science, 020209 energy, Batch reactor, Filtration and Separation, 02 engineering and technology, Coal liquefaction, complex mixtures, Catalysis, Education, chemistry.chemical_compound, Chemical engineering, 020401 chemical engineering, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Coal, 0204 chemical engineering, Dissolution, Magnetite, Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes, business.industry, Process Chemistry and Technology, Thermal decomposition, technology, industry, and agriculture, Atmospheric temperature range, chemistry, TP155-156, business, Energy (miscellaneous)
Abstract

A kinetic model for direct coal liquefaction at low temperature in the presence of a magnetite nano-catalyst was developed. The model took into account the iron oxide catalyst transformation into its active state as well as the process of reactive dissolution of coal at the reduced temperatures. The validity of the model was tested by performing a regression on experimentally obtained data for the direct coal liquefaction process. The experiments were performed in a high-pressure batch reactor, with medium to low ranking coal, using synthesised magnetite nano-catalysts and within the temperature range of 240 °C to 320 °C. This temperature range is known to be below that required for thermolysis of the coal. The model was able to qualitatively capture the general trends of the experimental data. The regression indicated that the depolymerisation reactions of the dissolved moieties directly into key products occur more rapidly than the reactions of key product groups, which is a typical occurrence in lower rank coals.

Published
2021

48. Quantum thermodynamics of a quantum sized AdS black hole

Author

Behnam Pourhassan, Mahdi Atashi, Houcine Aounallah, Salman Sajad Wani, Mir Faizal, and Barun Majumder

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
Abstract

In this paper, we investigate the effects of non-perturbative quantum gravitational corrections on a quantum sized AdS black hole. It will be observed that these non-perturbative quantum gravitational corrections modify the stability of this black hole. We will use the non-equilibrium quantum thermodynamics to investigate the evaporation of this black hole between two states. We will analyze the effects of non-perturbative quantum gravitational corrections on this non-equilibrium quantum thermodynamics. We will explicitly obtain the quantum work distribution for this black hole, as it evaporates between two states. It will be observed that this quantum work distribution is modified due to non-perturbative quantum gravitational corrections., Comment: 15pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in NPB

Published
2022

49. A pilot study of toxicological safety evaluation in acute and subacute (28-day) oral assessments of kenaf seed beverage in rats

Author

Zaini, Nur Syamimi, Karim, Roselina, Abdull Razis, Ahmad Faizal, Hamid, Nur Fazila Saulol, Zawawi, Norhasnida, Zaini, Nur Syamimi, Karim, Roselina, Abdull Razis, Ahmad Faizal, Hamid, Nur Fazila Saulol, and Zawawi, Norhasnida

Abstract

Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) seed is a non-conventional edible oilseed that can be valorized into various food products. There is a recent discovery of kenaf seed beverage (KSB) potential as a novel plant-based beverage. KSB had less crude protein than soybean (SB) but more carbohydrate, magnesium, and phosphorus contents. Levels of crude fat, phytates, oxalates, total saponins, and lipid peroxidability in KSB were lower than SB. Sugar content between KSB and SB were comparable, while antioxidant properties of KSB were superior. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) analysis detected gluconic acid, citric acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, and 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid in both KSB and SB. Considering its novelty, acute and subacute oral toxicity assessments in male Sprague Dawley rats were conducted. The acute toxicity assessment was performed at a single dose of 9.2 ml/kg body weight of KSB. In the following subacute toxicity assessment, different groups of rats consumed different doses of KSB (3.1, 6.1, and 9.2 ml/kg body weight) daily for 28 days. Rats presented normal behavioral and physiological states in both toxicity studies. Growth, food and water intakes, organ weight, and hematological parameters were unaffected. No mortality was reported. Several alterations in serum biochemical parameters were within the normal range, and unassociated with histopathological changes. The oral lethal dose (LD50) and the no-observed-adverse-effect-level (NOAEL) of KSB in rats was greater than 9.2 ml/kg (=1533 mg/kg) body weight. Interestingly, KSB exhibited comparable effects with soybean beverage (SB) on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides which worth further research Follow-up toxicity assessments in animals and human trials are also recommended to ascertain its long term safety.

Published
2022

50. The impacts of graphene dosage on the friction and wear performance of a graphene-reinforced silicone rubber nano composite

Author

Shinde, Avinash, Siva, I., Munde, Yashwant, Sankar, I., Sultan, Mohamed Thariq Hameed, Mustapha, Faizal, Shahar, Farah Syazwani, Najeeb, Muhammad Imran, Shinde, Avinash, Siva, I., Munde, Yashwant, Sankar, I., Sultan, Mohamed Thariq Hameed, Mustapha, Faizal, Shahar, Farah Syazwani, and Najeeb, Muhammad Imran

Abstract

Lightweight elastomer nanocomposites have several uses in the automotive and aerospace industries. There ought to be no compromises in terms of efficiency, durability, or performance when it comes to new technological products. This results in the ongoing quest for innovative materials. This study contributes to the development of graphene-reinforced silicone rubber by evaluating its mechanical and tribological properties. The two-roll mill mixing process, followed by the moulding step, is utilised in commercial nanocomposites preparation. As a result, the man-made composite can be justified financially. The moulding process was carried out at 170 °C, and the final curing took place at 200 °C for 4 h. Testing is done using filler weight percentages of 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7% graphene to determine the optimal filler weight %. The mechanical performance of silicon rubber was enhanced by over 213% when the graphene weight percentage was increased. With increasing load, the coefficient of friction decreases, with the lowest value found at 3% graphene by weight. The coefficient of friction and the specific wear rate were discovered to vary with sliding speed.

Published
2022

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