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3. Contributors

Author

Adam, M., primary, Alpert, Nathaniel M., additional, Anderson, J.R., additional, Andreasen, Nancy C., additional, Antonini, A., additional, Ardekani, Babak A., additional, Arndt, Stephan, additional, Ashburner, John, additional, Ashworth, Sharon, additional, Bailey, Dale L., additional, Baker, E., additional, Barnes, D.G., additional, Bench, C., additional, Bendriem, B., additional, Berdichevsky, D., additional, Biegon, A., additional, Blair, R.C., additional, Blomqvist, G., additional, Bloomfield, Peter M., additional, Ponto, Laura L. Boles, additional, Brakeman, Paul, additional, Braun, Michael, additional, Brooks, David J., additional, Brown, C.K., additional, Brown, W.D., additional, Bruckbauer, T., additional, Buckley, K.R., additional, Calonder, C., additional, Campbell, Gregory, additional, Carson, Richard E., additional, Chaly, Thomas, additional, Chan, G. L-Y., additional, Chen, Chin-Tu, additional, Cizadlo, Ted, additional, Cliffe, I.A., additional, Collins, D.L., additional, Cooper, Malcolm, additional, Crivello, F., additional, Crossnoe, M., additional, Cumming, Paul, additional, Cunningham, Vincent J., additional, Czernin, J., additional, Dahlbom, M., additional, Damasio, H., additional, DaSilva, J., additional, Witherspoon, Margaret E. Daube-, additional, DeJesus, O.T., additional, Delforge, J., additional, Dhawan, Vijay, additional, Dickhoven, S., additional, Diksic, Mirko, additional, Eberl, Stefan, additional, Egan, G.F., additional, Eidelberg, David, additional, Eriksson, Lars, additional, Evans, Alan C., additional, Fink, G.R., additional, Fischman, Alan J., additional, Fisher, Ronald E., additional, Fletcher, A., additional, Fontaine, A., additional, Ford, I., additional, Forse, G., additional, Frackowiak, R.S.J., additional, Frank, R.J., additional, Friston, K.J., additional, Frost, J. James, additional, Frouin, V., additional, Fujita, Hideaki, additional, Fujiwara, Takehiko, additional, Fukuda, H., additional, Fulham, Michael J., additional, Gee, Anthony D., additional, Gillings, N., additional, Gjedde, Albert, additional, Glaser, Robert, additional, Grabowski, T.J., additional, Graf, R., additional, Grafton, S.T., additional, Graham, Michael M., additional, Grasby, P., additional, Gunn, R.N., additional, Günther, I., additional, Hagisawa, S., additional, Haida, A., additional, Halber, M., additional, Hallett, Mark, additional, Hansen, Lars K., additional, Harris, Greg, additional, Haslam, Jane, additional, Hasselbalch, Steen, additional, Hatazawa, Jun, additional, Heiss, W.-D., additional, Herholz, K., additional, Herscovitch, Peter, additional, Herzog, H., additional, Hichwa, Richard D., additional, Hoh, C., additional, Holden, J.E., additional, Holm, Søren, additional, Holmes, A.P., additional, Holmes, C.J., additional, Hooper, Patrick K., additional, Houle, S., additional, Houser, D., additional, Huang, Sung-Cheng, additional, Hume, S.P., additional, Hurtig, Richard R., additional, Hussey, D., additional, Hutton, Brian F., additional, Iacoboni, M., additional, Ido, T., additional, Iida, Hidehiro, additional, Inoue, O., additional, Ishii, Kazunari, additional, Ishikawa, Tatsuya, additional, Itoh, H., additional, Itoh, Masatoshi, additional, Iwata, R., additional, Jadali, F., additional, Jagust, W., additional, Jivan, S., additional, Joliot, M., additional, Jones, A.K.P., additional, Jones, C., additional, Jones, Terry, additional, Kanno, Iwao, additional, Kao, Chien-Min, additional, Kapur, S., additional, Karbe, H., additional, Kessler, J., additional, Kilbourn, Michael R., additional, Kimura, Yuichi, additional, Kinahan, P.E., additional, Knorr, U., additional, Kobayashi, K., additional, Kops, E. Rota, additional, Kosugi, Yukio, additional, Kruger, Mark, additional, Kuwabara, Hiroto, additional, Lammertsma, Adriaan A., additional, Laurier, L., additional, Law, Ian, additional, Leenders, K.L., additional, Legg, B., additional, Levin, Z., additional, Lin, Kang-Ping, additional, Links, Jonathan M., additional, Lipinski, B., additional, Lopresti, B.J., additional, Löttgen, J., additional, Luthra, S.K., additional, Ma, Yilong, additional, Maguire, R.P., additional, Mahmood, K., additional, Malizia, Andrea L., additional, Mankoff, David A., additional, Marenco, Stefano, additional, Marrett, S., additional, Mathis, C.A., additional, Matsumura, Y., additional, Mazoyer, B., additional, Mazziotta, John C., additional, McCarron, J.A., additional, Meguro, K., additional, Meikle, Steven R., additional, Mejia, Marco A., additional, Mellet, E., additional, Meltzer, Carolyn Cidis, additional, Meyer, Ernst, additional, Millet, P., additional, Minoshima, S., additional, Mintun, M.A., additional, Missimer, J., additional, Miura, Shuichi, additional, Miyake, M., additional, Momose, Toshimitsu, additional, Mørch, Niels, additional, Morris, Evan D., additional, Morrish, Paul K., additional, Morrison, S., additional, Müller-Gärtner, H.W., additional, Murase, Kenya, additional, Muzi, Mark, additional, Myers, R., additional, Nakamura, Takashi, additional, Nariai, Tadashi, additional, Neelin, P., additional, Nickles, R.J., additional, Nishikawa, Junichi, additional, Nishizawa, Sadahiko, additional, Nutt, D.J., additional, O'Keefe, G.J., additional, O'Leary, Daniel S., additional, O'Sullivan, B.T., additional, O'Sullivan, Finbarr, additional, Oberschelp, W., additional, Ogawa, Toshihide, additional, Ono, S., additional, Osman, S., additional, Patlak, Clifford, additional, Paulson, Olaf B., additional, Pawlik, Gunter, additional, Petit, L., additional, Pietrzyk, U., additional, Pike, V.W., additional, Poline, J.-B., additional, Poole, K., additional, Price, J.C., additional, Psylla, M., additional, Pyzalski, Robert, additional, Rajeswaran, S., additional, Rakshi, James S., additional, Ranicar, Alex, additional, Rauch, Scott L., additional, Remy, P., additional, Reutens, David C., additional, Roberts, Andy, additional, Rosenqvist, G., additional, Rottenberg, D.A., additional, Rousset, Olivier G., additional, Ruth, T.J., additional, Sadato, Norihiro, additional, Samson, Y., additional, Sasaki, H., additional, Sase, Mikiya, additional, Sashin, D., additional, Schaper, K., additional, Schlaug, G., additional, Schnorr, L., additional, Seitz, R.J., additional, Senda, Michio, additional, Shelton, S.E., additional, Shields, Anthony F., additional, Shimosegawa, Eku, additional, Shiraishi, Masahiro, additional, Shrager, Richard, additional, Sidtis, J.J., additional, Simpson, N.R., additional, Smith, D., additional, Smith, Donald F., additional, Snow, B.J., additional, Snyder, Abraham Z., additional, Sossi, V., additional, Spelle, L., additional, Spence, Alexander, additional, Strother, S.C., additional, Stumpf, Martin J., additional, Suganami, Yusuke, additional, Svarer, Claus, additional, Swerdloff, S.J., additional, Syrota, A., additional, Taguchi, A., additional, Talarico, E., additional, Taylor, Chris, additional, Tellman, L., additional, Thiel, A., additional, Danguy, H. J. Tochon-, additional, Toga, Arthur W., additional, Toussaint, P.-J., additional, Townsend, D.W., additional, Toyama, Hinako, additional, Trébossen, R., additional, Tzourio, N., additional, Uchiyama, A., additional, Uemura, Kazuo, additional, Uno, H., additional, Vafaee, M., additional, Vingerhoets, F.J.G., additional, Vontobel, P., additional, Wagner, R., additional, Watabe, Hiroshi, additional, Watkins, G. Leonard, additional, Watson, J.D.G., additional, Wernick, Miles, additional, Wienhard, K., additional, Wilson, A.A., additional, Wilson, S., additional, Wollenweber, Scott D., additional, Wong, Dean F., additional, Woods, Roger P., additional, Worsley, K.J., additional, Yan, Yuchen, additional, Yanai, K., additional, Yang, J., additional, Yap, Jeffrey T., additional, Yu, D.C., additional, Zeien, Gene, additional, Zhou, Y., additional, and Zubieta, Jon Kar, additional

Published
1996
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5. Development of handedness, anatomical and functional brain lateralization.

Author

Tzourio-Mazoyer N, Zago L, Cochet H, and Crivello F

Subjects
Brain diagnostic imaging, Child, Child, Preschool, Humans, Language, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Brain Mapping, Functional Laterality
Abstract

The present chapter offers a report on the recent literature on the neural bases of hemispheric specialization (HS), anatomical and functional developmental timecourse of HS, and on the available knowledge of their relationships with the development of handedness. Strong anatomical asymmetries can be seen located along the end of the sylvian fissure and the superior temporal sulcus (STS) as soon as the 23rd gestational week. They correspond to a leftward sulcal depth asymmetry of the Sylvian fissure coupled with a rightward asymmetry of STS. These neonatal asymmetries targeting speech processing areas do not further change with development. Different from these anatomical asymmetries, the functional asymmetries of language areas develop during childhood. Such a development is characterized at birth by a predominant interhemispheric intrinsic connectivity between homotopic areas that will evolve toward left hemisphere intrahemispheric intrinsic connectivity between anterior and posterior language poles. The development of such a typical architecture of language networks in the left hemisphere dominant for language in more than 90% of humans translates into a continuous increase in the leftward asymmetries of activation during language production throughout childhood. With regard to the rightward cerebral lateralization for visuospatial functions, neuroimaging studies tend to indicate an increase in rightward lateralization of frontal-parietal network with age during visuospatial memory and visuospatial search tasks. In addition, the spatial-attentional behavioral asymmetries emerge early (in preschool children) and, then, can be modulated by factors linked to motor asymmetry and handedness. Finally, the study of manual lateralization in relation to language development has shown the importance of considering several characteristics of manual activities. In particular, the dissociation between manipulative activities and communicative gestures in young children may open further perspectives for future research on HS., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Published
2020
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6. Analytical investigations on the Coronation Gospels manuscript.

Author

Aceto M, Agostino A, Fenoglio G, Idone A, Crivello F, Griesser M, Kirchweger F, Uhlir K, and Puyo PR

Abstract

The Coronation Gospels or Krönungsevangeliar is a manuscript kept in Vienna at the Kunsthistorisches Museum Wien, datable to the end of VIII century A.D. and produced at Charlemagne court. It is an example of a purple codex, i.e. its parchment is coloured in purple. It has to be considered as one of the most important medieval codices, according to its use to take oath in the coronation ceremony of kings and emperors of the Holy Roman Empire up to 1792. In order to gather information of the manufacture of the manuscript and its present conservation state, a diagnostic investigation campaign has been carried out in situ with totally non-invasive techniques. X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (XRF), UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectrophotometry with optical fibres (FORS), spectrofluorimetry, optical microscopy and multispectral analysis have been applied in order to identify the colourants used in the decoration of the manuscript, with the main concern to the dye used to impart the purple hue to the parchment. The information collected was useful in order to address some of the questions raised by art historians concerning its history., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Published
2017
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7. Abdominal obesity and lower gray matter volume: a Mendelian randomization study.

Author

Debette S, Wolf C, Lambert JC, Crivello F, Soumaré A, Zhu YC, Schilling S, Dufouil C, Mazoyer B, Amouyel P, Tzourio C, and Elbaz A

Subjects
Aged, Aging pathology, Anthropometry, Body Mass Index, Brain pathology, Cerebral Infarction pathology, Cohort Studies, Female, Hippocampus pathology, Humans, Male, Nimodipine, Obesity diagnosis, Organ Size, Risk Factors, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Mendelian Randomization Analysis, Obesity pathology, Periaqueductal Gray pathology
Abstract

We investigated the relationship of anthropometric markers of obesity with quantitative magnetic resonance imaging markers of brain aging, including measures of total brain volume (TBV), gray matter volume (GMV), hippocampal volume, white matter hyperintensity volume (WMHV), and brain infarcts, and examined causality using Mendelian randomization (MR). Analyses were performed in 1779 individuals (60.4% women, 72.8 ± 4.1 years of age) from the 3C-Dijon population-based cohort study (N = 1555 for the MR). Larger waist-to-hip-ratio (WHR) and waist circumference (WC) were associated with lower TBV (p = 0.0001 and p = 0.005), and lower GMV (p = 0.0008 and p = 0.003), independently of age, gender, body mass index (BMI), and vascular risk factors. Higher BMI, WC, and WHR were associated with larger WMHV and WC with brain infarcts, before adjusting for vascular risk factors only. We used MR to investigate the inverse relationship between WHR and GMV. One valid instrumental variable was available in women only (rs6905288), which was associated with GMV (p = 0.015). Age and BMI-adjusted effect estimates from the MR analysis confirmed the inverse association between GMV and WHR and are in favor of a causal association., (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2014
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8. Non-invasive investigation on a VI century purple codex from Brescia, Italy.

Author

Aceto M, Idone A, Agostino A, Fenoglio G, Gulmini M, Baraldi P, and Crivello F

Subjects
History, Medieval, Italy, Optical Fibers, Spectrometry, Fluorescence, Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission, Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet, Color, Coloring Agents analysis, Coloring Agents history, Manuscripts as Topic, Paint analysis, Paint history
Abstract

Purple codices are among the most relevant and prestigious book productions of Late Antique and Medieval age. They usually contained texts from Holy Writings written with golden or silver inks on parchment dyed in a purple hue. According to the tradition, the colour of parchment was obtained by the well renowned Tyrian purple dye. From the material point of view, however, very little is known about the compounds actually used in the manufacture of these manuscripts. Presently, the information available is limited to the ancient art treatises, with very few diagnostic evidences supporting them and, moreover, none confirming the presence of Tyrian purple. It is more than apparent, then, the need to have at disposal larger and more complete information at the concern, in order to verify what came to us from the literary tradition only. In this study, preliminary results are presented from non-invasive investigation on a VI century purple codex, the so-called CodexBrixianus, held in the Biblioteca Civica Queriniana at Brescia (Italy). Analyses were carried out with XRF spectrometry, UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectrophotometry, molecular spectrofluorimetry and optical microscopy. The results suggest the hypothesis that Tyrian purple had been used as a minor component mixed with other less precious dyes such as folium or orchil., (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Published
2014
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9. White matter lesions as a predictor of depression in the elderly: the 3C-Dijon study.

Author

Godin O, Dufouil C, Maillard P, Delcroix N, Mazoyer B, Crivello F, Alpérovitch A, and Tzourio C

Subjects
Aged, Alcoholism epidemiology, Algorithms, Cardiovascular Diseases epidemiology, Female, Humans, Interview, Psychological, Male, Smoking epidemiology, Surveys and Questionnaires, Brain pathology, Depressive Disorder, Major diagnosis, Depressive Disorder, Major epidemiology
Abstract

Background: There is increasing evidence for a link between cerebrovascular disease and depression in the elderly but the mechanisms are still unknown. This study examines the longitudinal relationship between depression and white matter lesions (WML) in a sample of elderly aged 65 years and older., Methods: Three City (3C)-Dijon is a 4-year follow-up population-based prospective study of 1658 subjects. At baseline, lifetime major depressive episode diagnosis was established using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. At each study wave, severity of depressive symptoms was assessed using Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CES-D), and antidepressants intake was recorded. At baseline, lifetime major depression (LMD) was defined as lifetime major depressive episode or antidepressant medication intake. At follow-up, subjects were classified "incident depression" if scoring high at CES-D or antidepressant users. At baseline, cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed to quantify WML volumes using an automated method of detection. At 4-year follow-up, 1214 subjects had a second MRI., Results: Cross-sectional analysis showed a significantly higher WML volume in subjects with LMD compared with other subjects. Adjusted longitudinal analysis showed that increase in WML load was significantly higher in subjects with baseline LMD (2.1 cm(3) vs. 1.5 cm(3), p = .004). Among subjects free of depression up to baseline (n = 956), the higher the baseline WML volume, the higher the risk of developing depression during follow-up (odds ratio one quartile increase: 1.3; 95% confidence interval: = 1.1-1.7)., Conclusions: Our data show that depression and WML volumes are strongly related. These results are consistent with the hypothesis of a vascular depression in the elderly.

Published
2008
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