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2. Contributors

Author

Adler, Paul R., primary, Alfieri, Joseph G., additional, Alig, Ralph, additional, Allen, Leon Hartwell, additional, Alvaro-Fuentes, Jorge, additional, Archer, David W., additional, Baker, John M., additional, Beeson, Peter C., additional, Bronson, Kevin F., additional, Brown, Tabitha T., additional, Calderon, Francisco, additional, Cambardella, Cynthia A., additional, Cavigelli, Michel A., additional, Chambers, Adam, additional, Chan, Al S.K., additional, Chen, Mingshi, additional, Collins, Harold P., additional, Daughtry, Craig S.T., additional, Davis, Sarah C., additional, Del Grosso, Stephen J., additional, Dell, Curtis J., additional, Derner, Justin D., additional, Dijkstra, Feike A., additional, Dong, Xuejun, additional, Easter, Mark, additional, Enerson, Dale, additional, Faulkner, Stephen, additional, Follett, Ronald F., additional, Franzluebbers, Alan J., additional, Goddard, Tom W., additional, Gollany, Hero T., additional, Gurung, Ram, additional, Halvorson, Ardell D., additional, Haney, Richard L., additional, Hatfield, Jerry L., additional, Hively, W. Dean, additional, Huang, Shengli, additional, Huggins, David, additional, Hunt, E. Raymond, additional, Inman, Daniel, additional, Izaurralde, R. César, additional, Jawson, Michael D., additional, Jenkins, Robin E., additional, Jin, Virginia L., additional, Johansson, Robert, additional, Johnson, Greg, additional, Johnson, Jane M.F., additional, Keough, Cindy, additional, Killian, Kendrick, additional, Kurkalova, Lyubov A., additional, Lang, Megan W., additional, Latta, Greg, additional, Lewandrowski, Jan, additional, Li, Zhengpeng, additional, Liang, Yi, additional, Liebig, Mark A., additional, Liu, Jinxun, additional, Liu, Shuguang, additional, McCarty, Gregory W., additional, McGill, William B., additional, McLain, Jean E.T., additional, Marx, Ernest, additional, Merwin, Miles, additional, Mikha, Maysoon M., additional, Milak, Sushil, additional, Morgan, Jack A., additional, Novak, Jeffrey M., additional, Oeding, Jennifer, additional, Ogle, Stephen, additional, Olson, Carolyn, additional, Owens, Lloyd B., additional, Parkin, Timothy B., additional, Parton, William J., additional, Paustian, Keith, additional, Prueger, John H., additional, Reeves, James B., additional, Reicosky, Don C., additional, Sadeghi, Ali M., additional, Sainju, Upendra M., additional, Sauer, Thomas J., additional, Schuler, Jill, additional, Serbin, Guy, additional, Shafer, Steven R., additional, Sigua, Gilbert C., additional, Skinner, R. Howard, additional, Smith, Jeffrey L., additional, Spatari, Sabrina, additional, Steenwerth, Kerri L., additional, Suddick, Emma C., additional, Suyker, Andrew E., additional, Swan, Amy, additional, Tan, Zhengxi, additional, Varvel, Gary E., additional, Venterea, Rodney T., additional, Verma, Shashi B., additional, Vining, Roel, additional, Wagner-Riddle, Claudia, additional, Walthall, Charles L., additional, Wein, Anne, additional, White, Eric, additional, Williams, Jimmy R., additional, Williams, Steve, additional, Young, Claudia, additional, and Zhang, Yimin, additional

Published
2012
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3. Contributors

Author

Paul R. Adler, Joseph G. Alfieri, Ralph Alig, Leon Hartwell Allen, Jorge Alvaro-Fuentes, David W. Archer, John M. Baker, Peter C. Beeson, Kevin F. Bronson, Tabitha T. Brown, Francisco Calderon, Cynthia A. Cambardella, Michel A. Cavigelli, Adam Chambers, Al S.K. Chan, Mingshi Chen, Harold P. Collins, Craig S.T. Daughtry, Sarah C. Davis, Stephen J. Del Grosso, Curtis J. Dell, Justin D. Derner, Feike A. Dijkstra, Xuejun Dong, Mark Easter, Dale Enerson, Stephen Faulkner, Ronald F. Follett, Alan J. Franzluebbers, Tom W. Goddard, Hero T. Gollany, Ram Gurung, Ardell D. Halvorson, Richard L. Haney, Jerry L. Hatfield, W. Dean Hively, Shengli Huang, David Huggins, E. Raymond Hunt, Daniel Inman, R. César Izaurralde, Michael D. Jawson, Robin E. Jenkins, Virginia L. Jin, Robert Johansson, Greg Johnson, Jane M.F. Johnson, Cindy Keough, Kendrick Killian, Lyubov A. Kurkalova, Megan W. Lang, Greg Latta, Jan Lewandrowski, Zhengpeng Li, Yi Liang, Mark A. Liebig, Jinxun Liu, Shuguang Liu, Gregory W. McCarty, William B. McGill, Jean E.T. McLain, Ernest Marx, Miles Merwin, Maysoon M. Mikha, Sushil Milak, Jack A. Morgan, Jeffrey M. Novak, Jennifer Oeding, Stephen Ogle, Carolyn Olson, Lloyd B. Owens, Timothy B. Parkin, William J. Parton, Keith Paustian, John H. Prueger, James B. Reeves, Don C. Reicosky, Ali M. Sadeghi, Upendra M. Sainju, Thomas J. Sauer, Jill Schuler, Guy Serbin, Steven R. Shafer, Gilbert C. Sigua, R. Howard Skinner, Jeffrey L. Smith, Sabrina Spatari, Kerri L. Steenwerth, Emma C. Suddick, Andrew E. Suyker, Amy Swan, Zhengxi Tan, Gary E. Varvel, Rodney T. Venterea, Shashi B. Verma, Roel Vining, Claudia Wagner-Riddle, Charles L. Walthall, Anne Wein, Eric White, Jimmy R. Williams, Steve Williams, Claudia Young, and Yimin Zhang

Published
2012
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4. Management to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Western U.S. Croplands

Author

Kerri L. Steenwerth, J. L. Smith, Ardell D. Halvorson, Mark A. Liebig, Harold P. Collins, Kevin F. Bronson, and Emma C. Suddick

Subjects
Irrigation, Conventional tillage, Agronomy, Agroforestry, Greenhouse gas, Environmental science, Soil carbon, Drip irrigation, Cropping system, Manure, Cropping
Abstract

Agriculture is a major activity in the western U.S. with approximately 57 million ha of harvested cropland of which 27% is irrigated; however, irrigated crops account for a high proportion of the economic returns because of their high economic value. We sought to summarize greenhouse gas (GHG) flux research from crop production systems in the western U.S. published from 2005 to 2011. Limited GHG emissions data were found from irrigated cropping systems in California (grain, rice, vegetable, orchards), Texas (cotton), Colorado (corn), and Washington (corn and potato), and from dryland wheat systems in Montana and North Dakota. Converting from conventional tillage (CT) to minimum-till (MT) or no-till (NT) production generally sequestered soil organic carbon (SOC) and reduced carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions in many cropping systems, but not all. Methane (CH 4 ) flux was not greatly influenced by crop management practices, except in rice and manure production systems. Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions were affected by N availability, climatic factors, irrigation, and crop management practices, and tended to be lower under dryland than irrigated cropping conditions. Reducing N fertilization rate and selecting the right N source can reduce N 2 O emissions as much as 50%. Use of microjet sprinkler or subsurface drip irrigation reduced N 2 O emissions in vineyards and orchards as much as 50% compared to surface drip systems. Available GHG data could be used to verify models and develop local mitigation practices, but due to the large diversity of cropping systems and ecoregions, and a lack of representative cropping system GHG databases, generalized mitigation recommendations for the western U.S. are not possible at this time.

Published
2012
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5. Simulating variably-saturated reactive transport of selenium and nitrogen in agricultural groundwater systems.

Author

Bailey RT, Gates TK, and Halvorson AD

Subjects
Agriculture, Environmental Monitoring methods, Groundwater analysis, Nitrogen analysis, Selenium analysis
Abstract

Selenium (Se) contamination in environmental systems has become a major issue in many regions world-wide during the previous decades, with both elevated and deficient Se concentrations in groundwater, surface water, soils and associated cultivated crops reported. To provide a tool that can assess baseline conditions and explore remediation strategies, this paper presents a numerical model capable of simulating the reactive transport of Se species in large-scale variably-saturated groundwater systems influenced by agricultural practices. Developed by incorporating a Se reaction module into the multi-species, variably-saturated reactive transport model UZF-RT3D, model features include near-surface Se cycling due to agricultural practices, oxidation-reduction reactions, and the inclusion of a nitrogen (N) cycle and reaction module due to the dependence of Se transformation and speciation on the presence of nitrate (NO₃). Although the primary motivation is applying the model to large-scale systems, this paper presents applications to agricultural soil profile systems to corroborate the near-surface module processes that are vital in estimating mass loadings to the saturated zone in large-scale fate and transport studies. The first application jointly tests the Se and N modules for corn test plots receiving varying loadings of fertilizer, whereas the second application tests the N module for fertilized and unfertilized test plots. Results indicate that the model is successful in reproducing observed measurements of Se and NO₃ concentrations, particularly in lower soil layers and hence in regards to leaching. For the first application, the Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF) is used to condition model parameters, demonstrating the usefulness of the EnKF in real-world reactive transport systems., (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Published
2013
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