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Application of capillary electrophoresis to monitoring the concentration of material penicillin and the intermediates in the manufacturing process of semisynthetic penicillins was investigated. Factors affecting the precision of analysis were screened and optimised by orthogonal array designs. Compared to conventional HPLC methods, the capillary electrophoresis method gives better resolution and faster sample throughput. Other advantages of the capillary electrophoresis method over HPLC methods include much less consumption of buffer solution and the absence of organic solvents in the analysis.

Fifty patients with isolated open tibial shaft fractures were reviewed to determine the incidence and type of knee ligament injuries sustained. Eighteen patients (36 per cent) had at least one ligament injury in the ipsilateral knee; eight had multiple ligament injuries. Only four patients (22 per cent) were diagnosed as having a ligament injury at the time of initial management and the remaining 14 patients were diagnosed at the time of review for this study. There is a high incidence of ipsilateral knee ligament injuries in open tibial shaft fractures; the knee should be thoroughly examined at the time of initial fracture management.