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Calodium hepaticum (Bancroft, 1893) Moravec, 1982 (Syn. Capillaria hepatica) is a zoonotic nematode that causes hepatic capillariosis, an uncommon zoonotic infection. The nematode is globally distributed and parasitizes the liver of mammals, mainly Muroidea. Cricetulus migratorius Pallas, 1773 (Cricetinae) was rarely reported as a host for C. hepaticum. In Turkey, C. hepaticum was recorded in three rodent species; Rattus rattus, R. norvegicus, and Apodemus flavicollis. In this study, C. migratorius (grey dwarf hamster) has been identified as a new host species for C. hepaticum in Turkey. The parasite was identified by morphological, histological, and molecular methods and the phylogenetic relationships of C. hepaticum collected from different hosts were revealed. This is the first molecular characterization of C. hepaticum from a grey dwarf hamster., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Animal fasciolosis occurs every year as an occasional problem in Samsun Province, especially of grazing animals in the Kizilirmak and Yesilirmak Deltas and surrounding areas. On occasions, dead animals or internal organs, including livers, lungs and hearts, are submitted to the Parasitology Department of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine at Ondokuz Mayis University for diagnostic purposes. Upon diagnosis of fasciolosis, the owners and veterinarians are informed about prevention measures and treatment of the disease. In that context, the livers and gallbladders of one sheep, one cow and two water buffalo, suspected of having died as a result of fasciolosis, were submitted to the parasitology laboratory of the faculty in 2015 and 2016. All organs were examined thoroughly and 38, 1076, 456 and 714. F. gigantica were collected from the sheep, cow and buffaloes' livers and gallbladders, respectively. In addition to these cases, according to information received from animal breeders and some veterinarians, at least 5 sheep and 3 cattle had also died due to fasciolosis in the previous two years. Because of the re-occurrence of F. gigantica cases in recent years, it is pertinent to discuss the past and current situation surrounding this parasite in Turkey., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Anisakid nematodes are important etiological agents for zoonotic human anisakiasis (or anisakidosis). These parasites in the Turkish waters still remain unexplored. This study aims the molecular identification of Anisakis species in Turkey's coast from Black, Aegean and Mediterranean Sea and specifically to screen for zoonotic species in commonly commercialized a total of 1145 fish belonging to 31 different species using both polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (PCR-RFLP) and sequencing of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions and the mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit II (cox2) gene. A total of 776 Anisakis type I larvae were isolated in 56/1145 (4.8%) fish of 7 species from Turkish waters. The combining all of our results, e.g., morphology, PCR-RFLP, ITS region, and the cox2 gene, conclusively supported the identification of 3 Anisakis spp. taken from marine fish hosts, namely Anisakis pegreffii, Anisakis typica and Anisakis simplex sensu stricto (s.str.)/A. pegreffii hybrid genotype. No Anisakis larvae were isolated from the Black Sea whereas A. pegreffii, A. typica and A. simplex s.str./A. pegreffii hybrid genotype was found in the Aegean Sea and A. pegreffii was only isolated from the Mediterranean Sea. This study represents the first identification of A. typica and A. simplex s.str./A. pegreffii hybrid genotypes from Turkish waters. Moreover, in the present study first record of the presence of A. pegreffii is also reported from Turkish coasts of Aegean and Mediterranean Sea. No zoonotic Anisakis species were found in commonly commercialized 1025 fish belonging to 16 different species from the Black Sea, thus Turkish populations who consume captured fish from the Black Sea may have a less risk of human anisakiasis or allergies. However, the prevalence of larvae were 47.1% and 46% and recognized zoonotic A. pegreffii were identified from the Aegean and Mediterranean Sea coast, suggesting a high threat of anisakiasis or allergies for Turkish populations who consume fish originating in these regions., (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Fifteen roe deer were examined at necropsy from Northern Turkey in the period 2006-2010 for the helminth infections. Totally 6470 helminth specimens were collected and identified by morphological criteria. Twenty-five helminth species were identified (1 of the Class Trematoda, 1 of Cestoda and 23 of Nematoda). Dicrocoelium dendriticum (Prevalence 20%) was found in liver. Cysticercus tenuicollis (6.6%) was found in mesentery. Haemonchus contortus (53.3%), Ostertagia leptospicularis (73.3%), O. leptospicularis (minor morph: kolchida) (53.3%), Ostertagia ostertagi (26.6%), Spiculopteragia spiculoptera (66.6%), S. spiculoptera (minor morph: mathevossiani) (6.6%), Teladorsagia circumcincta (40.0%), T. circumcincta (minor morph: davtiani) (6.6%), T. circumcincta (minor morph: trifurcata) (6.6%), Trichostrongylus axei (66.6%) were found in abomasum. Trichostrongylus andreevi (6.6%), T. colubriformis (6.6%), T. longispicularis (26.6%), T. vitrinus (40.0%), T. capricola (6.6%), Cooperia oncophora (26.6%), C. punctata (6.6%), Nematodirus filicollis (66.6%), and Capillaria bovis (26.6%) were found in small intestine. Oesophagostomum venulosum (46.6%), Chabertia ovina (26.6%), and Trichuris ovis (13.3%) were found in large intestine. Dictyocaulus capreolus (6.6%) was found in lungs., (Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.)

The prevalence of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi was determined in equid blood samples in five provinces of the Black Sea region of Turkey by using the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). Of 153 samples, 53 (34.6%) and 33 (21.5%) were seropositive to B. caballi and T. equi, respectively. In addition, 8 (5.2%) of samples were seropositive to both T. equi and B. caballi. Anti T. equi and B. caballi antibodies were detected in all five regions. The prevalence of B. caballi was higher than T. equi in all counties. Antibodies to T. equi and B. caballi were detected in horses of all ages, and there were no significant differences among age groups. Out of 84 horses, 32 (38.0%) were positive for B. caballi infection and 20 (23.8%) were positive for T. equi infection. Five horses (5.6%) were found to be seropositive to both B. caballi and T. equi. Of 38 donkeys, 14 (36.8%) were found to be positive for B. caballi infection and 5 (13.1%) positive for T. equi infection. In addition, 2 (5.2%) samples were seropositive for both T. equi and B. caballi infections. Out of 31 mules, 8 (25.8%) were positive for B. caballi infection and 8 (25 8%) positive for T. equi infection. One (3.2%) sample was seropositive for both T. equi and B. caballi infections. Of all the animals in this study, only 3 horses were infected by Rhipicephalus turanicus and Hyalomma detritum, and no haemoparasites were detected by microscopic examination.