1. Suicidal attempts, insomnia, and major depressive disorder among family members of suicide victims in South Korea.
- Author
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Jang J, Lee G, Seo J, Na EJ, Park JY, and Jeon HJ
- Subjects
- Family, Humans, Quality of Life, Republic of Korea, Risk Factors, Depressive Disorder, Major epidemiology, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: Suicide survivors are defined as victims who experienced suicide of siblings or parents, spouses, or lineal relatives within the fourth degree who had lived with them. We compared the effects of major depressive disorder (MDD), symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and impulsivity on lifetime suicide attempts among suicide survivors., Methods: Participants included 272 suicide survivors. We compared them to 5,200 members from the general population who were matched by age, sex, and years of education. We evaluated participants using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), the EuroQuality of Life (EuroQol) scale, the Impact of Events Scale-Revised (IES-R), the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS-11), and the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (K-CIDI)., Results: Among the 272 suicide survivors, MDD was nine times higher (47.1% vs. 5.3%), and suicidal attempts were six times higher (20.5% vs. 3.3%) than reported among the general population. The suicide survivors showed more severe depression, greater impulsivity, and poorer quality of life than did the general population. In multivariate logistic regression analyses performed to evaluate each IES-R item, "trouble staying asleep" was the only PTSD symptom item that was significantly associated with suicide attempts among suicide survivors. Suicide survivors who had both MDD with insomnia and high impulsivity were at four times higher risk for suicide attempts than the general population with no MDD (AOR = 4.04, 95% CI: 1.25-13.09)., Conclusions: Surviving suicide by family members is an important risk factor for suicide attempts. In particular, MDD with insomnia and impulsivity are associated with suicide attempts among suicide survivors., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest Dr. JH Jang, Mr. GS Lee, Ms. JH Seo, Dr. EJ Na, Ms JY Park and Dr. HJ Jeon reported no financial interests or potential conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
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