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Thermal enhancement of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (DDP) induced renal and intestinal toxicities by whole body hyperthermia (WBH) were compared using a F344 rat model. Thermal enhancement ratios (TER) for DDP-induced nephrotoxicity were calculated using renal functional assays and morphological techniques. TER values for gastrointestinal (G.I.) toxicity were calculated using "severity of diarrhea" and jejunal crypt cell survival as assays. TER's for renal damage varied between 3 and 3.4, whereas the TER measured for G.I.-toxicity was 1.8. Physiological changes caused by WBH or intrinsic differences in the sensitivities of normal tissues to DDP +/- WBH may be responsible for the differences in thermal enhancement of DDP-induced renal and intestinal toxicities.