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Objectives: To review the cognitive changes associated with infiltrative, malignant brain tumors and treatments for brain tumors., Data Source: Review of journal articles and textbooks., Conclusion: Improvements in surgical, radiation, and medical therapies for central nervous system malignancies have resulted in increased patient survival. However, an increase in cognitive decline also has been associated with the presence of tumor and with tumor treatment modalities. Consequently, a negative impact on quality of life, as well as additional stress on caregivers occurs., Implications for Nursing Practice: The role of the neuro-oncology nurse is to assist in identifying cognitive impairments in patients with central nervous system malignancies, and to aid in promoting strategies for improved quality of life for patients and their caregivers. The long-term goal for the neuro-oncology community is to further improve treatments, to minimize side effects and, ultimately, to reduce the cognitive sequelae of these tumors and their treatments., (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Objectives: To provide an overview of the diagnostic work-up, intraoperative technologies, postoperative treatment options, and investigational new therapies in patients with malignant brain tumors., Data Sources: Published textbooks and articles and other reference materials., Conclusion: Recent improvements in diagnostic and surgical equipment have influenced outcomes and overall quality of life for patients with central nervous system tumors. The ability to more accurately target and more safely remove brain tumors has enhanced the postoperative period and decreased hospital stays. However, malignant neoplasms continue to be refractory to current treatments, necessitating innovative surgical approaches at the time of initial diagnosis and at tumor recurrence., Implications for Nursing Practice: Nurses with an understanding of current diagnostic and surgical treatment modalities for brain tumors are able to provide accurate patient education and comprehensive care, enhancing the overall hospital and outpatient experience.