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We report the synthesis and photoelectrochemical (PEC) studies of a novel CdSe/BiVO4 planar heterojunction photoelectrodes for photoelectrochemical water splitting fabricated by chemical bath deposition of CdSe on the spin-coated BiVO4 layers. Temperature and time of chemical bath deposition were investigated to obtain the optimal deposition condition. The optimized CdSe/BiVO4 with enhanced photo absorption yielded a maximum photocurrent density of 2.48 mA under the irradiation of AM 1.5 G (100 mW/cm2) simulated solar light illumination, which is enhanced by 3.87 times compared to bare BiVO4.

The output power of the solar photovoltaic panel decreases as the operating temperature increases. The use of photovoltaic/photothermal (PV/T) collectors not only effectively cools the operating temperature of the battery, increases photovoltaic power, but also produces hot water. Therefore, the PV/T collector improves the annual utilization efficiency of solar energy, and can meet the user's demand for different energies. This paper builds an experimental platform to compare the PV/T collector photovoltaic/photothermal performance and experimental comparison with traditional PV. The results show that the PV/T collector has a thermal efficiency of 31.5% and a photovoltaic efficiency of 17.82% at a flow rate of 0.023 Kg/s to achieve high efficiency in solar energy utilization.

The effects of the initial preheating perturbation on the dynamical behaviors of FGC wave propagation instability for low-velocity FGC in packed bed are studied numerically. The behaviors of the flame front inclination, break, and shrinking instabilities are always observed in experiments. Based on the experimental phenomena, an initial thermal perturbation model is numerically proposed as to predict the deformation behaviors of the flame front instabilities. The typical flame shapes are obtained depending on filtration velocity, equivalence ratio, and initial preheating temperature difference. It is demonstrated that the development of flame front inclination instability is proportional to the magnitude of initial preheating perturbation. At a lower equivalence ratio, the initial thermal perturbation of 300 K leads to the evolution of flame front break. Increasing filtration velocity leads to the appearance of flame front break, due to the intensification of the hydrodynamic instability. In addition, a perculiar instability of flame front shifting is also confirmed with the initial thermal perturbation of 400 K, which results in a fuel leakage of incomplete combustion.