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1. The Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey: Implementation, data products, open cluster survey, science, and legacy

Author

Randich, S., primary, Gilmore, G., additional, Magrini, L., additional, Sacco, G. G., additional, Jackson, R. J., additional, Jeffries, R. D., additional, Worley, C. C., additional, Hourihane, A., additional, Gonneau, A., additional, Viscasillas Vazquez, C., additional, Franciosini, E., additional, Lewis, J. R., additional, Alfaro, E. J., additional, Allende Prieto, C., additional, Bensby, T., additional, Blomme, R., additional, Bragaglia, A., additional, Flaccomio, E., additional, François, P., additional, Irwin, M. J., additional, Koposov, S. E., additional, Korn, A. J., additional, Lanzafame, A. C., additional, Pancino, E., additional, Recio-Blanco, A., additional, Smiljanic, R., additional, Van Eck, S., additional, Zwitter, T., additional, Asplund, M., additional, Bonifacio, P., additional, Feltzing, S., additional, Binney, J., additional, Drew, J., additional, Ferguson, A. M. N., additional, Micela, G., additional, Negueruela, I., additional, Prusti, T., additional, Rix, H.-W., additional, Vallenari, A., additional, Bayo, A., additional, Bergemann, M., additional, Biazzo, K., additional, Carraro, G., additional, Casey, A. R., additional, Damiani, F., additional, Frasca, A., additional, Heiter, U., additional, Hill, V., additional, Jofré, P., additional, de Laverny, P., additional, Lind, K., additional, Marconi, G., additional, Martayan, C., additional, Masseron, T., additional, Monaco, L., additional, Morbidelli, L., additional, Prisinzano, L., additional, Sbordone, L., additional, Sousa, S. G., additional, Zaggia, S., additional, Adibekyan, V., additional, Bonito, R., additional, Caffau, E., additional, Daflon, S., additional, Feuillet, D. K., additional, Gebran, M., additional, Gonzalez Hernandez, J. I., additional, Guiglion, G., additional, Herrero, A., additional, Lobel, A., additional, Maiz Apellaniz, J., additional, Merle, T., additional, Mikolaitis, Š., additional, Montes, D., additional, Morel, T., additional, Soubiran, C., additional, Spina, L., additional, Tabernero, H. M., additional, Tautvaišiene, G., additional, Traven, G., additional, Valentini, M., additional, Van der Swaelmen, M., additional, Villanova, S., additional, Wright, N. J., additional, Abbas, U., additional, Aguirre Børsen-Koch, V., additional, Alves, J., additional, Balaguer-Nunez, L., additional, Barklem, P. S., additional, Barrado, D., additional, Berlanas, S. R., additional, Binks, A. S., additional, Bressan, A., additional, Capuzzo-Dolcetta, R., additional, Casagrande, L., additional, Casamiquela, L., additional, Collins, R. S., additional, D'Orazi, V., additional, Dantas, M. L. L., additional, Debattista, V. P., additional, Delgado-Mena, E., additional, Di Marcantonio, P., additional, Drazdauskas, A., additional, Evans, N. W., additional, Famaey, B., additional, Franchini, M., additional, Frémat, Y., additional, Friel, E. D., additional, Fu, X., additional, Geisler, D., additional, Gerhard, O., additional, Gonzalez Solares, E. A., additional, Grebel, E. K., additional, Gutierrez Albarran, M. L., additional, Hatzidimitriou, D., additional, Held, E. V., additional, Jiménez-Esteban, F., additional, Jönsson, H., additional, Jordi, C., additional, Khachaturyants, T., additional, Kordopatis, G., additional, Kos, J., additional, Lagarde, N., additional, Mahy, L., additional, Mapelli, M., additional, Marfil, E., additional, Martell, S. L., additional, Messina, S., additional, Miglio, A., additional, Minchev, I., additional, Moitinho, A., additional, Montalban, J., additional, Monteiro, M. J. P. F. G., additional, Morossi, C., additional, Mowlavi, N., additional, Mucciarelli, A., additional, Murphy, D. N. A., additional, Nardetto, N., additional, Ortolani, S., additional, Paletou, F., additional, Palouš, J., additional, Paunzen, E., additional, Pickering, J. C., additional, Quirrenbach, A., additional, Re Fiorentin, P., additional, Read, J. I., additional, Romano, D., additional, Ryde, N., additional, Sanna, N., additional, Santos, W., additional, Seabroke, G. M., additional, Spagna, A., additional, Steinmetz, M., additional, Stonkuté, E., additional, Sutorius, E., additional, Thévenin, F., additional, Tosi, M., additional, Tsantaki, M., additional, Vink, J. S., additional, Wright, N., additional, Wyse, R. F. G., additional, Zoccali, M., additional, Zorec, J., additional, Zucker, D. B., additional, and Walton, N. A., additional

Published
2022
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2. The Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey: Motivation, implementation, GIRAFFE data processing, analysis, and final data products

Author

Gilmore, G., primary, Randich, S., additional, Worley, C. C., additional, Hourihane, A., additional, Gonneau, A., additional, Sacco, G. G., additional, Lewis, J. R., additional, Magrini, L., additional, François, P., additional, Jeffries, R. D., additional, Koposov, S. E., additional, Bragaglia, A., additional, Alfaro, E. J., additional, Allende Prieto, C., additional, Blomme, R., additional, Korn, A. J., additional, Lanzafame, A. C., additional, Pancino, E., additional, Recio-Blanco, A., additional, Smiljanic, R., additional, Van Eck, S., additional, Zwitter, T., additional, Bensby, T., additional, Flaccomio, E., additional, Irwin, M. J., additional, Franciosini, E., additional, Morbidelli, L., additional, Damiani, F., additional, Bonito, R., additional, Friel, E. D., additional, Vink, J. S., additional, Prisinzano, L., additional, Abbas, U., additional, Hatzidimitriou, D., additional, Held, E. V., additional, Jordi, C., additional, Paunzen, E., additional, Spagna, A., additional, Jackson, R. J., additional, Maíz Apellániz, J., additional, Asplund, M., additional, Bonifacio, P., additional, Feltzing, S., additional, Binney, J., additional, Drew, J., additional, Ferguson, A. M. N., additional, Micela, G., additional, Negueruela, I., additional, Prusti, T., additional, Rix, H.-W., additional, Vallenari, A., additional, Bergemann, M., additional, Casey, A. R., additional, de Laverny, P., additional, Frasca, A., additional, Hill, V., additional, Lind, K., additional, Sbordone, L., additional, Sousa, S. G., additional, Adibekyan, V., additional, Caffau, E., additional, Daflon, S., additional, Feuillet, D. K., additional, Gebran, M., additional, Gonzalez Hernandez, J. I., additional, Guiglion, G., additional, Herrero, A., additional, Lobel, A., additional, Merle, T., additional, Mikolaitis, Š., additional, Montes, D., additional, Morel, T., additional, Ruchti, G., additional, Soubiran, C., additional, Tabernero, H. M., additional, Tautvaišienė, G., additional, Traven, G., additional, Valentini, M., additional, Van der Swaelmen, M., additional, Villanova, S., additional, Viscasillas Vázquez, C., additional, Bayo, A., additional, Biazzo, K., additional, Carraro, G., additional, Edvardsson, B., additional, Heiter, U., additional, Jofré, P., additional, Marconi, G., additional, Martayan, C., additional, Masseron, T., additional, Monaco, L., additional, Walton, N. A., additional, Zaggia, S., additional, Aguirre Børsen-Koch, V., additional, Alves, J., additional, Balaguer-Nunez, L., additional, Barklem, P. S., additional, Barrado, D., additional, Bellazzini, M., additional, Berlanas, S. R., additional, Binks, A. S., additional, Bressan, A., additional, Capuzzo-Dolcetta, R., additional, Casagrande, L., additional, Casamiquela, L., additional, Collins, R. S., additional, D'Orazi, V., additional, Dantas, M. L. L., additional, Debattista, V. P., additional, Delgado-Mena, E., additional, Di Marcantonio, P., additional, Drazdauskas, A., additional, Evans, N. W., additional, Famaey, B., additional, Franchini, M., additional, Frémat, Y., additional, Fu, X., additional, Geisler, D., additional, Gerhard, O., additional, González Solares, E. A., additional, Grebel, E. K., additional, Gutiérrez Albarrán, M. L., additional, Jiménez-Esteban, F., additional, Jönsson, H., additional, Khachaturyants, T., additional, Kordopatis, G., additional, Kos, J., additional, Lagarde, N., additional, Ludwig, H.-G., additional, Mahy, L., additional, Mapelli, M., additional, Marfil, E., additional, Martell, S. L., additional, Messina, S., additional, Miglio, A., additional, Minchev, I., additional, Moitinho, A., additional, Montalban, J., additional, Monteiro, M. J. P. F. G., additional, Morossi, C., additional, Mowlavi, N., additional, Mucciarelli, A., additional, Murphy, D. N. A., additional, Nardetto, N., additional, Ortolani, S., additional, Paletou, F., additional, Palouš, J., additional, Pickering, J. C., additional, Quirrenbach, A., additional, Re Fiorentin, P., additional, Read, J. I., additional, Romano, D., additional, Ryde, N., additional, Sanna, N., additional, Santos, W., additional, Seabroke, G. M., additional, Spina, L., additional, Steinmetz, M., additional, Stonkuté, E., additional, Sutorius, E., additional, Thévenin, F., additional, Tosi, M., additional, Tsantaki, M., additional, Wright, N., additional, Wyse, R. F. G., additional, Zoccali, M., additional, Zorec, J., additional, and Zucker, D. B., additional

Published
2022
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3. The Gaia-ESO Survey: Target selection of open cluster stars & x22c6;

Author

Bragaglia, A., Alfaro, E. J., Flaccomio, E., Blomme, R., Donati, P., Costado, M., Damiani, F., Franciosini, E., Prisinzano, L., Randich, S., Friel, E. D., Hatztidimitriou, D., Vallenari, A., Spagna, A., Balaguer-Nunez, L., Bonito, R., Gaudin, T. Cantat, Casamiquela, L., Jeffries, R. D., Jordi, C., Magrini, L., Drew, J. E., Jackson, R. J., Abbas, U., Caramazza, M., Hayes, C., Jimenez-Esteban, F. M., Fiorentin, P. Re, Wright, N., Bayo, A., Bensb, T., Bergemann, M., Gilmore, G., Gonneau, A., Heiter, Ulrike, Hourihane, A., Pancino, E., Sacco, G., Smiljanic, R., Zaggia, S., and Vink, J. S.

Subjects
stars, abundances, open clusters and associations, kinematics and dynamics, spectroscopic, surveys, Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi, general, Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology, techniques, radial velocities, QB600, QB, QB799
Abstract

Context. The Gaia-ESO Survey (GES) is a public, high-resolution spectroscopic survey, conducted with the multi-object spectrograph Fibre Large Array Multi Element Spectrograph (FLAMES) on the Very Large Telescope (European Southern Observatory, ESO, Cerro Paranal, Chile) from December 2011 to January 2018. Gaia-ESO has targeted all the main stellar components of the Milky Way, including thin and thick disc, bulge, and halo. In particular, a large sample of open clusters has been observed, from very young ones, just out of the embedded phase, to very old ones.\ud \ud Aims. The different kinds of clusters and stars targeted in them are useful to reach the main science goals of the open cluster part of GES, which are the study of the open cluster structure and dynamics, the use of open clusters to constrain and improve stellar evolution models, and the definition of Galactic disc properties (e.g., metallicity distribution).\ud \ud Methods. The Gaia-ESO Survey is organised in 19 working groups (WGs), each one being responsible for a task. We describe here the work of three of them, one in charge of the selection of the targets within each cluster or association (WG4), one responsible for defining the most probable candidate member stars (WG1), and another one in charge of the preparation of the observations (WG6). As the entire GES has been conducted before the second Gaia data release, we could not make use of the Gaia astrometry to define cluster member candidates. We made use of public and private photometry to select the stars to be observed with FLAMES, once brought on a common astrometric system (the one defined by 2MASS). Candidate target selection was based on ground-based proper motions, radial velocities, and X-ray properties when appropriate, for example, and it was mostly used to define the position of the clusters’ evolutionary sequences in the colour-magnitude diagrams. Targets for GIRAFFE were then selected near the sequences in an unbiased way. We used known information on membership, when available, only for the few stars to be observed with UVES.\ud \ud Results. We collected spectra for 62 confirmed clusters in the main observing campaign (and a few more clusters were taken from the ESO archive). Among them are very young clusters, where the main targets are pre-main sequence stars, clusters with very hot and massive stars currently on the main sequence, intermediate-age and old clusters where evolved stars are the main targets. Our strategy of making the selection of targets as inclusive and unbiased as possible and of observing a significant and representative fraction of all possible targets permitted us to collect the largest, most accurate, and most homogeneous spectroscopic data set on open star clusters ever achieved.

Published
2022

4. The Gaia-ESO survey : Age-chemical-clock relations spatially resolved in the Galactic disc

Author

Viscasillas Vazquez, C., Magrini, L., Casali, G., Tautvaisiene, G., Spina, L., van der Swaelmen, M., Randich, S., Bensby, T., Bragaglia, A., Friel, E., Feltzing, S., Sacco, G. G., Turchi, A., Jimenez-Esteban, F., D'Orazi, V., Delgado-Mena, E., Mikolaitis, S., Drazdauskas, A., Minkeviciute, R., Stonkute, E., Bagdonas, V., Montes, D., Guiglion, G., Baratella, M., Tabernero, H. M., Gilmore, G., Alfaro, E., Francois, P., Korn, Andreas, Smiljanic, R., Bergemann, M., Franciosini, E., Gonneau, A., Hourihane, A., Worley, C. C., Zaggia, S., Viscasillas Vazquez, C., Magrini, L., Casali, G., Tautvaisiene, G., Spina, L., van der Swaelmen, M., Randich, S., Bensby, T., Bragaglia, A., Friel, E., Feltzing, S., Sacco, G. G., Turchi, A., Jimenez-Esteban, F., D'Orazi, V., Delgado-Mena, E., Mikolaitis, S., Drazdauskas, A., Minkeviciute, R., Stonkute, E., Bagdonas, V., Montes, D., Guiglion, G., Baratella, M., Tabernero, H. M., Gilmore, G., Alfaro, E., Francois, P., Korn, Andreas, Smiljanic, R., Bergemann, M., Franciosini, E., Gonneau, A., Hourihane, A., Worley, C. C., and Zaggia, S.

Abstract

Context. The last decade has seen a revolution in our knowledge of the Galaxy thanks to the Gaia and asteroseismic space missions and the ground-based spectroscopic surveys. Aims. To complete this picture, it is necessary to map the ages of its stellar populations. During recent years, the dependence on time of abundance ratios involving slow (s) neutron-capture and ff elements (called chemical-clocks) has been used to provide estimates of stellar ages, usually in a limited volume close to the Sun. We aim to analyse the relations of chemical clocks in the Galactic disc extending the range to R-GC similar to 6-20 kpc. Methods. Using the sixth internal data release of the Gaia-ESO survey, we calibrated several relations between stellar ages and abundance ratios [s/alpha] using a sample of open clusters, the largest one so far used with this aim (62 clusters). Thanks to their wide galactocentric coverage, we investigated the radial variations of the shape of these relations, confirming their non-universality. Results. The multi-variate relations allowed us to infer stellar ages for field stars. We estimated our accuracy (ranging from 0.0 to -0.9 Gyr) and precision (from 0.4 to 2.3 Gyr) in recovering the global ages of open clusters, and the ages of their individual members. We applied the relations with the highest correlation coe fficients to the field star population, finding an older population at lower metallicity and higher [alpha/Fe] in the thin disc, and a younger one at higher [Fe/H] and low [alpha/Fe], as expected. Conclusion. We confirm that there is no single age-chemical clock relationship valid for the whole disc, but that there is a dependence on the galactocentric position, which is related to the radial variation of the star formation history combined with the non-monotonic dependence on metallicity of the yields of the s-process elements from low- and intermediate-mass stars. Finally, the abundance ratios [Ba/alpha] are more sensitive to age than those

Published
2022
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5. The Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey: Implementation, data products, open cluster survey, science, and legacy

Author

Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Física Aplicada, Randich, Sofia, Gilmore, Gerard, Magrini, L., Sacco, G.G., Jackson, R.J., Jeffries, R., Worley, C.C., Hourihane, A., Gonneau, A., Viscasillas Vázquez, C., Franciosini, E., Sbordone, L., Sousa, S.G., Zaggia, S., Adibekyan, V.Zh., Bonito, R., Caffau, E., Daflon, Simone, Feuillet, D.K., Drazdauskas, A., Gebran, M., Lagarde, N., González Hernández, J.I., Guiglion, G., Herrero, Artemio, Lobel, Alex, Maíz Apellániz, Jesús, Merle, T., Mikolaitis, Š., Montes, David, Morel, Thierry, Evans, N.W., Mahy, Laurent, Soubiran, C., Spina, L., Tabernero, Hugo M., Tautvaišienė, G., Traven, G., Valentini, M., Van der Swaelmen, M., Villanova, S., Wright, N.J., Abbas, U., Mapelli, M., Famaey, B., Aguirre Børsen-Koch, V., Alves, J., Balaguer-Nunez, L., Barklem, P.S., Barrado, D., Berlanas, Sara R., Binks, A.S., Bressan, A., Capuzzo-Dolcetta, R., Marfil, E., Casagrande, L., Franchini, M., Casamiquela, L., Collins, R.S., D'Orazi, V., Dantas, M.L.L., Debattista, V.P., Frémat, Y., Friel, E., Fu, X., Martell, S.L., Geisler, Douglas, Lewis, J., Gerhard, Ortwin, González Solares, E.A., Grebel, E.K., Gutiérrez Albarran, M.L., Hatzidimitriou, D., Held, E.V., Jiménez Esteban, Francisco M., Jönsson, H., Messina, S., Jordi, C., Khachaturyants, T., Alfaro, Emilio J., Kordopatis, G., Kos, J., Miglio, A., Minchev, I., Allende Prieto, C., Moitinho, A., Negueruela, Ignacio, Montalban, J., Monteiro, M.J.P.F.G., Morossi, C., Mowlavi, N., Mucciarelli, A., Murphy, D.N.A., Nardetto, N., Ortolani, S., Paletou, F., Bensby, T., Prusti, T., Palouš, J., Paunzen, E., Pickering, J.C., Quirrenbach, A., Re Fiorentin, P., Read, J.I., Romano, D., Ryde, N., Sanna, N., Santos, W., Rix, H.-W., Blomme, Ronny, Seabroke, G.M., Spagna, A., Steinmetz, M., Stonkuté, E., Sutorius, E., Thévenin, F., Tosi, M., Tsantaki, M., Vink, Jorick S., Vallenari, A., Wright, N., Bragaglia, A., Wyse, R.F.G., Zoccali, M., Zorec, J., Zucker, D.B., Walton, N., Flaccomio, E., François, P., Irwin, M., Bayo, A., Koposov, S., Korn, A., Lanzafame, A.C., Pancino, E., Recio-Blanco, A., Smiljanic, R., Van Eck, S., Zwitter, T., Asplund, M., Bonifacio, P., Bergemann, M., Feltzing, S., Binney, J., Drew, J., Ferguson, A., Micela, G., Biazzo, K., Carraro, G., Casey, A.R., Damiani, F., Delgado-Mena, E., Frasca, A., Heiter, U., Hill, V., Jofre, P., Laverny, P. de, Lind, K., Marconi, G., Martayan, C., Masseron, T., Monaco, L., Di Marcantonio, P., Morbidelli, L., Prisinzano, L., Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Física Aplicada, Randich, Sofia, Gilmore, Gerard, Magrini, L., Sacco, G.G., Jackson, R.J., Jeffries, R., Worley, C.C., Hourihane, A., Gonneau, A., Viscasillas Vázquez, C., Franciosini, E., Sbordone, L., Sousa, S.G., Zaggia, S., Adibekyan, V.Zh., Bonito, R., Caffau, E., Daflon, Simone, Feuillet, D.K., Drazdauskas, A., Gebran, M., Lagarde, N., González Hernández, J.I., Guiglion, G., Herrero, Artemio, Lobel, Alex, Maíz Apellániz, Jesús, Merle, T., Mikolaitis, Š., Montes, David, Morel, Thierry, Evans, N.W., Mahy, Laurent, Soubiran, C., Spina, L., Tabernero, Hugo M., Tautvaišienė, G., Traven, G., Valentini, M., Van der Swaelmen, M., Villanova, S., Wright, N.J., Abbas, U., Mapelli, M., Famaey, B., Aguirre Børsen-Koch, V., Alves, J., Balaguer-Nunez, L., Barklem, P.S., Barrado, D., Berlanas, Sara R., Binks, A.S., Bressan, A., Capuzzo-Dolcetta, R., Marfil, E., Casagrande, L., Franchini, M., Casamiquela, L., Collins, R.S., D'Orazi, V., Dantas, M.L.L., Debattista, V.P., Frémat, Y., Friel, E., Fu, X., Martell, S.L., Geisler, Douglas, Lewis, J., Gerhard, Ortwin, González Solares, E.A., Grebel, E.K., Gutiérrez Albarran, M.L., Hatzidimitriou, D., Held, E.V., Jiménez Esteban, Francisco M., Jönsson, H., Messina, S., Jordi, C., Khachaturyants, T., Alfaro, Emilio J., Kordopatis, G., Kos, J., Miglio, A., Minchev, I., Allende Prieto, C., Moitinho, A., Negueruela, Ignacio, Montalban, J., Monteiro, M.J.P.F.G., Morossi, C., Mowlavi, N., Mucciarelli, A., Murphy, D.N.A., Nardetto, N., Ortolani, S., Paletou, F., Bensby, T., Prusti, T., Palouš, J., Paunzen, E., Pickering, J.C., Quirrenbach, A., Re Fiorentin, P., Read, J.I., Romano, D., Ryde, N., Sanna, N., Santos, W., Rix, H.-W., Blomme, Ronny, Seabroke, G.M., Spagna, A., Steinmetz, M., Stonkuté, E., Sutorius, E., Thévenin, F., Tosi, M., Tsantaki, M., Vink, Jorick S., Vallenari, A., Wright, N., Bragaglia, A., Wyse, R.F.G., Zoccali, M., Zorec, J., Zucker, D.B., Walton, N., Flaccomio, E., François, P., Irwin, M., Bayo, A., Koposov, S., Korn, A., Lanzafame, A.C., Pancino, E., Recio-Blanco, A., Smiljanic, R., Van Eck, S., Zwitter, T., Asplund, M., Bonifacio, P., Bergemann, M., Feltzing, S., Binney, J., Drew, J., Ferguson, A., Micela, G., Biazzo, K., Carraro, G., Casey, A.R., Damiani, F., Delgado-Mena, E., Frasca, A., Heiter, U., Hill, V., Jofre, P., Laverny, P. de, Lind, K., Marconi, G., Martayan, C., Masseron, T., Monaco, L., Di Marcantonio, P., Morbidelli, L., and Prisinzano, L.

Abstract

Context. In the last 15 years different ground-based spectroscopic surveys have been started (and completed) with the general aim of delivering stellar parameters and elemental abundances for large samples of Galactic stars, complementing Gaia astrometry. Among those surveys, the Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey, the only one performed on a 8m class telescope, was designed to target 100 000 stars using FLAMES on the ESO VLT (both Giraffe and UVES spectrographs), covering all the Milky Way populations, with a special focus on open star clusters. Aims. This article provides an overview of the survey implementation (observations, data quality, analysis and its success, data products, and releases), of the open cluster survey, of the science results and potential, and of the survey legacy. A companion article reviews the overall survey motivation, strategy, Giraffe pipeline data reduction, organisation, and workflow. Methods. We made use of the information recorded and archived in the observing blocks; during the observing runs; in a number of relevant documents; in the spectra and master catalogue of spectra; in the parameters delivered by the analysis nodes and the working groups; in the final catalogue; and in the science papers. Based on these sources, we critically analyse and discuss the output and products of the Survey, including science highlights. We also determined the average metallicities of the open clusters observed as science targets and of a sample of clusters whose spectra were retrieved from the ESO archive. Results. The Gaia-ESO Survey has determined homogeneous good-quality radial velocities and stellar parameters for a large fraction of its more than 110 000 unique target stars. Elemental abundances were derived for up to 31 elements for targets observed with UVES. Lithium abundances are delivered for about 1/3 of the sample. The analysis and homogenisation strategies have proven to be successful; several science topics have been addressed by t

Published
2022

6. The Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey: Motivation, implementation, GIRAFFE data processing, analysis, and final data products

Author

Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Física Aplicada, Gilmore, Gerard, Randich, Sofia, Worley, C.C., Hourihane, A., Gonneau, A., Sacco, G.G., Lewis, J., Magrini, L., François, P., Jeffries, R., Koposov, S., Binks, A.S., Bressan, A., Capuzzo-Dolcetta, R., Casagrande, L., Casamiquela, L., Collins, R.S., D'Orazi, V., Dantas, M.L.L., Debattista, V.P., Delgado-Mena, E., Bragaglia, A., Di Marcantonio, P., Drazdauskas, A., Evans, N.W., Famaey, B., Franchini, M., Frémat, Y., Fu, X., Geisler, Douglas, Gerhard, Ortwin, González Solares, E.A., Alfaro, Emilio J., Grebel, E.K., Gutiérrez Albarrán, M.L., Jiménez Esteban, Francisco M., Jönsson, H., Khachaturyants, T., Kordopatis, G., Kos, J., Lagarde, N., Ludwig, H.-G., Mahy, Laurent, Allende Prieto, C., Mapelli, M., Marfil, E., Martell, S.L., Messina, S., Miglio, A., Minchev, I., Moitinho, A., Montalban, J., Monteiro, M.J.P.F.G., Morossi, C., Blomme, Ronny, Mowlavi, N., Mucciarelli, A., Murphy, D.N.A., Nardetto, N., Ortolani, S., Paletou, F., Palouš, J., Pickering, J.C., Quirrenbach, A., Re Fiorentin, P., Korn, A., Read, J.I., Romano, D., Ryde, N., Sanna, N., Santos, W., Seabroke, G.M., Spina, L., Steinmetz, M., Stonkuté, E., Sutorius, E., Lanzafame, A.C., Thévenin, F., Tosi, M., Tsantaki, M., Wright, N., Wyse, R.F.G., Zoccali, M., Zorec, J., Zucker, D.B., Pancino, E., Recio-Blanco, A., Smiljanic, R., Van Eck, S., Zwitter, T., Bensby, T., Flaccomio, E., Irwin, M., Franciosini, E., Morbidelli, L., Damiani, F., Bonito, R., Friel, E., Vink, Jorick S., Prisinzano, L., Abbas, U., Hatzidimitriou, D., Held, E.V., Jordi, C., Paunzen, E., Spagna, A., Jackson, R.J., Maíz Apellániz, Jesús, Asplund, M., Bonifacio, P., Feltzing, S., Binney, J., Drew, J., Ferguson, A., Micela, G., Negueruela, Ignacio, Prusti, T., Rix, H.-W., Vallenari, A., Bergemann, M., Casey, A.R., Laverny, P. de, Frasca, A., Hill, V., Lind, K., Sbordone, L., Sousa, S.G., Adibekyan, V.Zh., Caffau, E., Daflon, Simone, Feuillet, D.K., Gebran, M., González Hernández, J.I., Guiglion, G., Herrero, Artemio, Lobel, Alex, Merle, T., Mikolaitis, Š., Montes, David, Morel, Thierry, Ruchti, G., Soubiran, C., Tabernero, Hugo M., Tautvaišienė, G., Traven, G., Valentini, M., Van der Swaelmen, M., Villanova, S., Viscasillas Vázquez, C., Bayo, A., Biazzo, K., Carraro, G., Edvardsson, B., Heiter, U., Jofre, P., Marconi, G., Martayan, C., Masseron, T., Monaco, L., Walton, N., Zaggia, S., Aguirre Børsen-Koch, V., Alves, J., Balaguer-Nunez, L., Barklem, P.S., Barrado, D., Bellazzini, M., Berlanas, Sara R., Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Física Aplicada, Gilmore, Gerard, Randich, Sofia, Worley, C.C., Hourihane, A., Gonneau, A., Sacco, G.G., Lewis, J., Magrini, L., François, P., Jeffries, R., Koposov, S., Binks, A.S., Bressan, A., Capuzzo-Dolcetta, R., Casagrande, L., Casamiquela, L., Collins, R.S., D'Orazi, V., Dantas, M.L.L., Debattista, V.P., Delgado-Mena, E., Bragaglia, A., Di Marcantonio, P., Drazdauskas, A., Evans, N.W., Famaey, B., Franchini, M., Frémat, Y., Fu, X., Geisler, Douglas, Gerhard, Ortwin, González Solares, E.A., Alfaro, Emilio J., Grebel, E.K., Gutiérrez Albarrán, M.L., Jiménez Esteban, Francisco M., Jönsson, H., Khachaturyants, T., Kordopatis, G., Kos, J., Lagarde, N., Ludwig, H.-G., Mahy, Laurent, Allende Prieto, C., Mapelli, M., Marfil, E., Martell, S.L., Messina, S., Miglio, A., Minchev, I., Moitinho, A., Montalban, J., Monteiro, M.J.P.F.G., Morossi, C., Blomme, Ronny, Mowlavi, N., Mucciarelli, A., Murphy, D.N.A., Nardetto, N., Ortolani, S., Paletou, F., Palouš, J., Pickering, J.C., Quirrenbach, A., Re Fiorentin, P., Korn, A., Read, J.I., Romano, D., Ryde, N., Sanna, N., Santos, W., Seabroke, G.M., Spina, L., Steinmetz, M., Stonkuté, E., Sutorius, E., Lanzafame, A.C., Thévenin, F., Tosi, M., Tsantaki, M., Wright, N., Wyse, R.F.G., Zoccali, M., Zorec, J., Zucker, D.B., Pancino, E., Recio-Blanco, A., Smiljanic, R., Van Eck, S., Zwitter, T., Bensby, T., Flaccomio, E., Irwin, M., Franciosini, E., Morbidelli, L., Damiani, F., Bonito, R., Friel, E., Vink, Jorick S., Prisinzano, L., Abbas, U., Hatzidimitriou, D., Held, E.V., Jordi, C., Paunzen, E., Spagna, A., Jackson, R.J., Maíz Apellániz, Jesús, Asplund, M., Bonifacio, P., Feltzing, S., Binney, J., Drew, J., Ferguson, A., Micela, G., Negueruela, Ignacio, Prusti, T., Rix, H.-W., Vallenari, A., Bergemann, M., Casey, A.R., Laverny, P. de, Frasca, A., Hill, V., Lind, K., Sbordone, L., Sousa, S.G., Adibekyan, V.Zh., Caffau, E., Daflon, Simone, Feuillet, D.K., Gebran, M., González Hernández, J.I., Guiglion, G., Herrero, Artemio, Lobel, Alex, Merle, T., Mikolaitis, Š., Montes, David, Morel, Thierry, Ruchti, G., Soubiran, C., Tabernero, Hugo M., Tautvaišienė, G., Traven, G., Valentini, M., Van der Swaelmen, M., Villanova, S., Viscasillas Vázquez, C., Bayo, A., Biazzo, K., Carraro, G., Edvardsson, B., Heiter, U., Jofre, P., Marconi, G., Martayan, C., Masseron, T., Monaco, L., Walton, N., Zaggia, S., Aguirre Børsen-Koch, V., Alves, J., Balaguer-Nunez, L., Barklem, P.S., Barrado, D., Bellazzini, M., and Berlanas, Sara R.

Abstract

Context. The Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey is an ambitious project designed to obtain astrophysical parameters and elemental abundances for 100 000 stars, including large representative samples of the stellar populations in the Galaxy, and a well-defined sample of 60 (plus 20 archive) open clusters. We provide internally consistent results calibrated on benchmark stars and star clusters, extending across a very wide range of abundances and ages. This provides a legacy data set of intrinsic value, and equally a large wide-ranging dataset that is of value for the homogenisation of other and future stellar surveys and Gaia's astrophysical parameters. Aims. This article provides an overview of the survey methodology, the scientific aims, and the implementation, including a description of the data processing for the GIRAFFE spectra. A companion paper introduces the survey results. Methods. Gaia-ESO aspires to quantify both random and systematic contributions to measurement uncertainties. Thus, all available spectroscopic analysis techniques are utilised, each spectrum being analysed by up to several different analysis pipelines, with considerable effort being made to homogenise and calibrate the resulting parameters. We describe here the sequence of activities up to delivery of processed data products to the ESO Science Archive Facility for open use. Results. The Gaia-ESO Survey obtained 202 000 spectra of 115 000 stars using 340 allocated VLT nights between December 2011 and January 2018 from GIRAFFE and UVES. Conclusions. The full consistently reduced final data set of spectra was released through the ESO Science Archive Facility in late 2020, with the full astrophysical parameters sets following in 2022. A companion article reviews the survey implementation, scientific highlights, the open cluster survey, and data products.

Published
2022

7. The Gaia-ESO Survey: Target selection of open cluster stars

Author

Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Junta de Andalucía, European Commission, Bragaglia, A., Alfaro, Emilio J., Flaccomio, E., Blomme, R., Donati, P., Costado, M. T., Damiani, F., Franciosini, E., Prisinzano, L., Randich, S., Friel, E. D., Hatztidimitriou, D., Vallenari, A., Spagna, A., Balaguer-Nuñez, Lola, Bonito, R., Cantat-Gaudin, Tristan, Casamiquela, Laia, Jeffries, R.D., Jordi, Carme, Magrini, Laura, Drew, J. E., Jackson, R. J., Abbas, U., Caramazza, M., Hayes, C., Jiménez-Esteban, Francisco M., Re Fiorentin, P., Wright, N., Bayo, A., Bensby, T., Bergemann, Maria, Gilmore, Gerry, Gonneau, A., Heiter, Ulrike, Hourihane, A., Pancino, E., Sacco, G., Smiljanic, R., Zaggia, S., Vink, J. S., Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Junta de Andalucía, European Commission, Bragaglia, A., Alfaro, Emilio J., Flaccomio, E., Blomme, R., Donati, P., Costado, M. T., Damiani, F., Franciosini, E., Prisinzano, L., Randich, S., Friel, E. D., Hatztidimitriou, D., Vallenari, A., Spagna, A., Balaguer-Nuñez, Lola, Bonito, R., Cantat-Gaudin, Tristan, Casamiquela, Laia, Jeffries, R.D., Jordi, Carme, Magrini, Laura, Drew, J. E., Jackson, R. J., Abbas, U., Caramazza, M., Hayes, C., Jiménez-Esteban, Francisco M., Re Fiorentin, P., Wright, N., Bayo, A., Bensby, T., Bergemann, Maria, Gilmore, Gerry, Gonneau, A., Heiter, Ulrike, Hourihane, A., Pancino, E., Sacco, G., Smiljanic, R., Zaggia, S., and Vink, J. S.

Abstract

Context. The Gaia-ESO Survey (GES) is a public, high-resolution spectroscopic survey, conducted with the multi-object spectrograph Fibre Large Array Multi Element Spectrograph (FLAMES) on the Very Large Telescope (European Southern Observatory, ESO, Cerro Paranal, Chile) from December 2011 to January 2018. Gaia-ESO has targeted all the main stellar components of the Milky Way, including thin and thick disc, bulge, and halo. In particular, a large sample of open clusters has been observed, from very young ones, just out of the embedded phase, to very old ones. Aims. The different kinds of clusters and stars targeted in them are useful to reach the main science goals of the open cluster part of GES, which are the study of the open cluster structure and dynamics, the use of open clusters to constrain and improve stellar evolution models, and the definition of Galactic disc properties (e.g., metallicity distribution). Methods. The Gaia-ESO Survey is organised in 19 working groups (WGs), each one being responsible for a task. We describe here the work of three of them, one in charge of the selection of the targets within each cluster or association (WG4), one responsible for defining the most probable candidate member stars (WG1), and another one in charge of the preparation of the observations (WG6). As the entire GES has been conducted before the second Gaia data release, we could not make use of the Gaia astrometry to define cluster member candidates. We made use of public and private photometry to select the stars to be observed with FLAMES, once brought on a common astrometric system (the one defined by 2MASS). Candidate target selection was based on ground-based proper motions, radial velocities, and X-ray properties when appropriate, for example, and it was mostly used to define the position of the clusters’ evolutionary sequences in the colour-magnitude diagrams. Targets for GIRAFFE were then selected near the sequences in an unbiased way. We used known informati

Published
2022

8. The Gaia-ESO survey: Age-chemical-clock relations spatially resolved in the Galactic disc

Author

Viscasillas Vázquez, C., primary, Magrini, L., additional, Casali, G., additional, Tautvaišienė, G., additional, Spina, L., additional, Van der Swaelmen, M., additional, Randich, S., additional, Bensby, T., additional, Bragaglia, A., additional, Friel, E., additional, Feltzing, S., additional, Sacco, G.G., additional, Turchi, A., additional, Jiménez-Esteban, F., additional, D’Orazi, V., additional, Delgado-Mena, E., additional, Mikolaitis, Š., additional, Drazdauskas, A., additional, Minkevičiūtė, R., additional, Stonkutė, E., additional, Bagdonas, V., additional, Montes, D., additional, Guiglion, G., additional, Baratella, M., additional, Tabernero, H. M., additional, Gilmore, G., additional, Alfaro, E., additional, Francois, P., additional, Korn, A., additional, Smiljanic, R., additional, Bergemann, M., additional, Franciosini, E., additional, Gonneau, A., additional, Hourihane, A., additional, Worley, C. C., additional, and Zaggia, S., additional

Published
2022
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9. The Gaia-ESO Survey: Target selection of open cluster stars

Author

Bragaglia, A., primary, Alfaro, E. J., additional, Flaccomio, E., additional, Blomme, R., additional, Donati, P., additional, Costado, M., additional, Damiani, F., additional, Franciosini, E., additional, Prisinzano, L., additional, Randich, S., additional, Friel, E. D., additional, Hatztidimitriou, D., additional, Vallenari, A., additional, Spagna, A., additional, Balaguer-Nunez, L., additional, Bonito, R., additional, Cantat Gaudin, T., additional, Casamiquela, L., additional, Jeffries, R. D., additional, Jordi, C., additional, Magrini, L., additional, Drew, J. E., additional, Jackson, R. J., additional, Abbas, U., additional, Caramazza, M., additional, Hayes, C., additional, Jiménez-Esteban, F. M., additional, Re Fiorentin, P., additional, Wright, N., additional, Bayo, A., additional, Bensby, T., additional, Bergemann, M., additional, Gilmore, G., additional, Gonneau, A., additional, Heiter, U., additional, Hourihane, A., additional, Pancino, E., additional, Sacco, G., additional, Smiljanic, R., additional, Zaggia, S., additional, and Vink, J. S., additional

Published
2022
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10. The Gaia-ESO survey: Calibrating a relationship between age and the [C/N] abundance ratio with open clusters

Author

Casali, G., primary, Magrini, L., additional, Tognelli, E., additional, Jackson, R., additional, Jeffries, R. D., additional, Lagarde, N., additional, Tautvaišienė, G., additional, Masseron, T., additional, Degl’Innocenti, S., additional, Prada Moroni, P. G., additional, Kordopatis, G., additional, Pancino, E., additional, Randich, S., additional, Feltzing, S., additional, Sahlholdt, C., additional, Spina, L., additional, Friel, E., additional, Roccatagliata, V., additional, Sanna, N., additional, Bragaglia, A., additional, Drazdauskas, A., additional, Mikolaitis, Š., additional, Minkevičiūtė, R., additional, Stonkutė, E., additional, Chorniy, Y., additional, Bagdonas, V., additional, Jimenez-Esteban, F., additional, Martell, S., additional, Van der Swaelmen, M., additional, Gilmore, G., additional, Vallenari, A., additional, Bensby, T., additional, Koposov, S. E., additional, Korn, A., additional, Worley, C., additional, Smiljanic, R., additional, Bergemann, M., additional, Carraro, G., additional, Damiani, F., additional, Prisinzano, L., additional, Bonito, R., additional, Franciosini, E., additional, Gonneau, A., additional, Hourihane, A., additional, Jofre, P., additional, Lewis, J., additional, Morbidelli, L., additional, Sacco, G., additional, Sousa, S. G., additional, Zaggia, S., additional, Lanzafame, A. C., additional, Heiter, U., additional, Frasca, A., additional, and Bayo, A., additional

Published
2019
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11. The Gaia-ESO Survey: The inner disc, intermediate-age open cluster Pismis 18

Author

Hatzidimitriou, D., primary, Held, E. V., additional, Tognelli, E., additional, Bragaglia, A., additional, Magrini, L., additional, Bravi, L., additional, Gazeas, K., additional, Dapergolas, A., additional, Drazdauskas, A., additional, Delgado-Mena, E., additional, Friel, E. D., additional, Minkevičiūtė, R., additional, Sordo, R., additional, Tautvaišienė, G., additional, Gilmore, G., additional, Randich, S., additional, Feltzing, S., additional, Vallenari, A., additional, Alfaro, E. J., additional, Flaccomio, E., additional, Lanzafame, A. C., additional, Pancino, E., additional, Smiljanic, R., additional, Bayo, A., additional, Bergemann, M., additional, Carraro, G., additional, Casey, A. R., additional, Costado, M. T., additional, Damiani, F., additional, Franciosini, E., additional, Gonneau, A., additional, Jofré, P., additional, Lewis, J., additional, Monaco, L., additional, Morbidelli, L., additional, Worley, C. C., additional, and Zaggia, S., additional

Published
2019
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12. The Gaia-ESO Survey: The origin and evolution of s-process elements

Author

European Research Council, Leverhulme Trust, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, European Science Foundation, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), Ministerio de Economía, Fomento y Turismo (Chile), Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Poland), Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Magrini, L., Spina, Lorenzo, Randich, S., Friel, E., Kordopatis, G., Worley, C., Pancino, E., Bragaglia, A., Donati, P., Tautvaišienė, G., Bagdonas, V., Delgado-Mena, E., Adibekyan, V., Sousa, S. G., Jiménez-Esteban, Francisco M., Sanna, N., Roccatagliata, V., Bonito, R., Sbordone, L., Duffau, S., Gilmore, Gerry, Feltzing, S., Jeffries, R.D., Vallenari, A., Alfaro, Emilio J., Bensby, T., Francois, P., Koposov, S., Korn, A.J., Recio-Blanco, A., Smiljanic, R., Bayo, A., Carraro, G., Casey, A. R., Costado, M. T., Damiani, F., Franciosini, E., Frasca, A., Hourihane, A., Jofré, P., de Laverny, P., Lewis, J., Masseron, T., Monaco, L., Morbidelli, L., Prisinzano, L., Sacco, G., Zaggia, S., European Research Council, Leverhulme Trust, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, European Science Foundation, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), Ministerio de Economía, Fomento y Turismo (Chile), Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Poland), Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Magrini, L., Spina, Lorenzo, Randich, S., Friel, E., Kordopatis, G., Worley, C., Pancino, E., Bragaglia, A., Donati, P., Tautvaišienė, G., Bagdonas, V., Delgado-Mena, E., Adibekyan, V., Sousa, S. G., Jiménez-Esteban, Francisco M., Sanna, N., Roccatagliata, V., Bonito, R., Sbordone, L., Duffau, S., Gilmore, Gerry, Feltzing, S., Jeffries, R.D., Vallenari, A., Alfaro, Emilio J., Bensby, T., Francois, P., Koposov, S., Korn, A.J., Recio-Blanco, A., Smiljanic, R., Bayo, A., Carraro, G., Casey, A. R., Costado, M. T., Damiani, F., Franciosini, E., Frasca, A., Hourihane, A., Jofré, P., de Laverny, P., Lewis, J., Masseron, T., Monaco, L., Morbidelli, L., Prisinzano, L., Sacco, G., and Zaggia, S.

Abstract

Context. Several works have found an increase of the abundances of the s-process neutron-capture elements in the youngest Galactic stellar populations. These trends provide important constraints on stellar and Galactic evolution and they need to be confirmed with large and statistically significant samples of stars spanning wide age and distance intervals. Aims. We aim to trace the abundance patterns and the time evolution of five s-process elements - two belonging to the first peak, Y and Zr, and three belonging to the second peak, Ba, La, and Ce - using the Gaia-ESO IDR5 results for open clusters and disc stars. Methods. From the UVES spectra of cluster member stars, we determined the average composition of clusters with ages >0.1 Gyr. We derived statistical ages and distances of field stars, and we separated them into thin and thick disc populations. We studied the time-evolution and dependence on metallicity of abundance ratios using open clusters and field stars whose parameters and abundances were derived in a homogeneous way. Results. Using our large and homogeneous sample of open clusters, thin and thick disc stars, spanning an age range larger than 10 Gyr, we confirm an increase towards young ages of s-process abundances in the solar neighbourhood. These trends are well defined for open clusters and stars located nearby the solar position and they may be explained by a late enrichment due to significant contribution to the production of these elements from long-living low-mass stars. At the same time, we find a strong dependence of the s-process abundance ratios on the Galactocentric distance and on the metallicity of the clusters and field stars. Conclusions. Our results, derived from the largest and most homogeneous sample of s-process abundances in the literature, confirm the growth with decreasing stellar ages of the s-process abundances in both field and open cluster stars. At the same time, taking advantage of the abundances of open clusters located i

Published
2018

13. The Gaia-ESO Survey: the inner disk intermediate-age open cluster NGC 6802

Author

Tang, B, Geisler, D, Friel, E, Villanova, S, Smiljanic, R, Casey, AR, Randich, S, San Roman, I, Muñoz, C, Cohen, RE, Mauro, F, Magrini, L, Bragaglia, A, Donati, P, Tautvaisien ̇, G, Drazdauskas, A, Jofrè, P, Gilmore, G, Koposov, S, Hourihane, A, Lewis, J, Worley, CC, Casey, Andrew [0000-0003-0174-0564], Gilmore, Gerard [0000-0003-4632-0213], Koposov, Sergey [0000-0003-2644-135X], Worley, Clare [0000-0001-9310-2898], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
star: abundances, open clusters and associations: general, open clusters and associations: individual: NGC 6802
Abstract

Milky Way open clusters are very diverse in terms of age, chemical composition, and kinematic properties. Intermediate-age and old open clusters are less common, and it is even harder to find them inside the solar Galactocentric radius, due to the high mortality rate and strong extinction inside this region. NGC 6802 is one of the inner disk open clusters (IOCs) observed by the Gaia-ESO survey (GES). This cluster is an important target for calibrating the abundances derived in the survey due to the kinematic and chemical homogeneity of the members in open clusters. Using the measurements from Gaia-ESO internal data release 4 (iDR4), we identify 95 main-sequence dwarfs as cluster members from the GIRAFFE target list, and eight giants as cluster members from the UVES target list. The dwarf cluster members have a median radial velocity of 13.6 ± 1.9 km s‾¹ , while the giant cluster members have a median radial velocity of 12.0 ± 0.9 km s‾¹ and a median [Fe/H] of 0.10 ± 0.02 dex. The color-magnitude diagram of these cluster members suggests an age of 0.9 ± 0.1 Gyr, with (m − M)₀ = 11.4 and E(B − V) = 0.86. We perform the first detailed chemical abundance analysis of NGC 6802, including 27 elemental species. To gain a more general picture about IOCs, the measurements of NGC 6802 are compared with those of other IOCs previously studied by GES, that is, NGC 4815, Trumpler 20, NGC 6705, and Berkeley 81. NGC 6802 shows similar C, N, Na, and Al abundances as other IOCs. These elements are compared with nucleosynthetic models as a function of cluster turn-off mass. The α, iron-peak, and neutron-capture elements are also explored in a self-consistent way.

Published
2017

14. The Gaia-ESO Survey: The N/O abundance ratio in the Milky Way

Author

Magrini, L., primary, Vincenzo, F., additional, Randich, S., additional, Pancino, E., additional, Casali, G., additional, Tautvaišienė, G., additional, Drazdauskas, A., additional, Mikolaitis, Š., additional, Minkevičiūtė, R., additional, Stonkutė, E., additional, Chorniy, Y., additional, Bagdonas, V., additional, Kordopatis, G., additional, Friel, E., additional, Roccatagliata, V., additional, Jiménez-Esteban, F. M., additional, Gilmore, G., additional, Vallenari, A., additional, Bensby, T., additional, Bragaglia, A., additional, Korn, A. J., additional, Lanzafame, A. C., additional, Smiljanic, R., additional, Bayo, A., additional, Casey, A. R., additional, Costado, M. T., additional, Franciosini, E., additional, Hourihane, A., additional, Jofré, P., additional, Lewis, J., additional, Monaco, L., additional, Morbidelli, L., additional, Sacco, G., additional, and Worley, C., additional

Published
2018
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15. The Gaia-ESO Survey: the origin and evolution of s-process elements

Author

Magrini, L., primary, Spina, L., additional, Randich, S., additional, Friel, E., additional, Kordopatis, G., additional, Worley, C., additional, Pancino, E., additional, Bragaglia, A., additional, Donati, P., additional, Tautvaišienė, G., additional, Bagdonas, V., additional, Delgado-Mena, E., additional, Adibekyan, V., additional, Sousa, S. G., additional, Jiménez-Esteban, F. M., additional, Sanna, N., additional, Roccatagliata, V., additional, Bonito, R., additional, Sbordone, L., additional, Duffau, S., additional, Gilmore, G., additional, Feltzing, S., additional, Jeffries, R. D., additional, Vallenari, A., additional, Alfaro, E. J., additional, Bensby, T., additional, Francois, P., additional, Koposov, S., additional, Korn, A. J., additional, Recio-Blanco, A., additional, Smiljanic, R., additional, Bayo, A., additional, Carraro, G., additional, Casey, A. R., additional, Costado, M. T., additional, Damiani, F., additional, Franciosini, E., additional, Frasca, A., additional, Hourihane, A., additional, Jofré, P., additional, de Laverny, P., additional, Lewis, J., additional, Masseron, T., additional, Monaco, L., additional, Morbidelli, L., additional, Prisinzano, L., additional, Sacco, G., additional, and Zaggia, S., additional

Published
2018
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16. TheGaia-ESO Survey: Galactic evolution of sulphur and zinc

Author

Duffau, S., primary, Caffau, E., additional, Sbordone, L., additional, Bonifacio, P., additional, Andrievsky, S., additional, Korotin, S., additional, Babusiaux, C., additional, Salvadori, S., additional, Monaco, L., additional, François, P., additional, Skúladóttir, Á., additional, Bragaglia, A., additional, Donati, P., additional, Spina, L., additional, Gallagher, A. J., additional, Ludwig, H.-G., additional, Christlieb, N., additional, Hansen, C. J., additional, Mott, A., additional, Steffen, M., additional, Zaggia, S., additional, Blanco-Cuaresma, S., additional, Calura, F., additional, Friel, E., additional, Jiménez-Esteban, F. M., additional, Koch, A., additional, Magrini, L., additional, Pancino, E., additional, Tang, B., additional, Tautvaišienė, G., additional, Vallenari, A., additional, Hawkins, K., additional, Gilmore, G., additional, Randich, S., additional, Feltzing, S., additional, Bensby, T., additional, Flaccomio, E., additional, Smiljanic, R., additional, Bayo, A., additional, Carraro, G., additional, Casey, A. R., additional, Costado, M. T., additional, Damiani, F., additional, Franciosini, E., additional, Hourihane, A., additional, Jofré, P., additional, Lardo, C., additional, Lewis, J., additional, Morbidelli, L., additional, Sousa, S. G., additional, and Worley, C. C., additional

Published
2017
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17. TheGaia-ESO Survey: radial distribution of abundances in the Galactic disc from open clusters and young-field stars

Author

Magrini, L., primary, Randich, S., additional, Kordopatis, G., additional, Prantzos, N., additional, Romano, D., additional, Chieffi, A., additional, Limongi, M., additional, François, P., additional, Pancino, E., additional, Friel, E., additional, Bragaglia, A., additional, Tautvaišienė, G., additional, Spina, L., additional, Overbeek, J., additional, Cantat-Gaudin, T., additional, Donati, P., additional, Vallenari, A., additional, Sordo, R., additional, Jiménez-Esteban, F. M., additional, Tang, B., additional, Drazdauskas, A., additional, Sousa, S., additional, Duffau, S., additional, Jofré, P., additional, Gilmore, G., additional, Feltzing, S., additional, Alfaro, E., additional, Bensby, T., additional, Flaccomio, E., additional, Koposov, S., additional, Lanzafame, A., additional, Smiljanic, R., additional, Bayo, A., additional, Carraro, G., additional, Casey, A. R., additional, Costado, M. T., additional, Damiani, F., additional, Franciosini, E., additional, Hourihane, A., additional, Lardo, C., additional, Lewis, J., additional, Monaco, L., additional, Morbidelli, L., additional, Sacco, G., additional, Sbordone, L., additional, Worley, C. C., additional, and Zaggia, S., additional

Published
2017
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18. TheGaia-ESO Survey: the present-day radial metallicity distribution of the Galactic disc probed by pre-main-sequence clusters

Author

Spina, L., primary, Randich, S., additional, Magrini, L., additional, Jeffries, R. D., additional, Friel, E. D., additional, Sacco, G. G., additional, Pancino, E., additional, Bonito, R., additional, Bravi, L., additional, Franciosini, E., additional, Klutsch, A., additional, Montes, D., additional, Gilmore, G., additional, Vallenari, A., additional, Bensby, T., additional, Bragaglia, A., additional, Flaccomio, E., additional, Koposov, S. E., additional, Korn, A. J., additional, Lanzafame, A. C., additional, Smiljanic, R., additional, Bayo, A., additional, Carraro, G., additional, Casey, A. R., additional, Costado, M. T., additional, Damiani, F., additional, Donati, P., additional, Frasca, A., additional, Hourihane, A., additional, Jofré, P., additional, Lewis, J., additional, Lind, K., additional, Monaco, L., additional, Morbidelli, L., additional, Prisinzano, L., additional, Sousa, S. G., additional, Worley, C. C., additional, and Zaggia, S., additional

Published
2017
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19. The Gaia-ESO survey: the inner disk intermediate-age open cluster NGC 6802

Author

Tang, B., primary, Geisler, D., additional, Friel, E., additional, Villanova, S., additional, Smiljanic, R., additional, Casey, A. R., additional, Randich, S., additional, Magrini, L., additional, San Roman, I., additional, Muñoz, C., additional, Cohen, R. E., additional, Mauro, F., additional, Bragaglia, A., additional, Donati, P., additional, Tautvaišien*error*ė, G., additional, Drazdauskas, A., additional, Ženovienė, R., additional, Snaith, O., additional, Sousa, S., additional, Adibekyan, V., additional, Costado, M. T., additional, Blanco-Cuaresma, S., additional, Jiménez-Esteban, F., additional, Carraro, G., additional, Zwitter, T., additional, François, P., additional, Jofrè, P., additional, Sordo, R., additional, Gilmore, G., additional, Flaccomio, E., additional, Koposov, S., additional, Korn, A. J., additional, Lanzafame, A. C., additional, Pancino, E., additional, Bayo, A., additional, Damiani, F., additional, Franciosini, E., additional, Hourihane, A., additional, Lardo, C., additional, Lewis, J., additional, Monaco, L., additional, Morbidelli, L., additional, Prisinzano, L., additional, Sacco, G., additional, Worley, C. C., additional, and Zaggia, S., additional

Published
2017
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20. TheGaia-ESO Survey: the inner disk, intermediate-age open cluster Trumpler 23

Author

Overbeek, J. C., primary, Friel, E. D., additional, Donati, P., additional, Smiljanic, R., additional, Jacobson, H. R., additional, Hatzidimitriou, D., additional, Held, E. V., additional, Magrini, L., additional, Bragaglia, A., additional, Randich, S., additional, Vallenari, A., additional, Cantat-Gaudin, T., additional, Tautvaišienė, G., additional, Jiménez-Esteban, F., additional, Frasca, A., additional, Geisler, D., additional, Villanova, S., additional, Tang, B., additional, Muñoz, C., additional, Marconi, G., additional, Carraro, G., additional, San Roman, I., additional, Drazdauskas, A., additional, Ženovienė, R., additional, Gilmore, G., additional, Jeffries, R. D., additional, Flaccomio, E., additional, Pancino, E., additional, Bayo, A., additional, Costado, M. T., additional, Damiani, F., additional, Jofré, P., additional, Monaco, L., additional, Prisinzano, L., additional, Sousa, S. G., additional, and Zaggia, S., additional

Published
2017
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21. TheGaia-ESO Survey: Probes of the inner disk abundance gradient

Author

Jacobson, H. R., primary, Friel, E. D., additional, Jílková, L., additional, Magrini, L., additional, Bragaglia, A., additional, Vallenari, A., additional, Tosi, M., additional, Randich, S., additional, Donati, P., additional, Cantat-Gaudin, T., additional, Sordo, R., additional, Smiljanic, R., additional, Overbeek, J. C., additional, Carraro, G., additional, Tautvaišienė, G., additional, San Roman, I., additional, Villanova, S., additional, Geisler, D., additional, Muñoz, C., additional, Jiménez-Esteban, F., additional, Tang, B., additional, Gilmore, G., additional, Alfaro, E. J., additional, Bensby, T., additional, Flaccomio, E., additional, Koposov, S. E., additional, Korn, A. J., additional, Pancino, E., additional, Recio-Blanco, A., additional, Casey, A. R., additional, Costado, M. T., additional, Franciosini, E., additional, Heiter, U., additional, Hill, V., additional, Hourihane, A., additional, Lardo, C., additional, de Laverny, P., additional, Lewis, J., additional, Monaco, L., additional, Morbidelli, L., additional, Sacco, G. G., additional, Sousa, S. G., additional, Worley, C. C., additional, and Zaggia, S., additional

Published
2016
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22. TheGaia-ESO Survey: Sodium and aluminium abundances in giants and dwarfs

Author

Smiljanic, R., primary, Romano, D., additional, Bragaglia, A., additional, Donati, P., additional, Magrini, L., additional, Friel, E., additional, Jacobson, H., additional, Randich, S., additional, Ventura, P., additional, Lind, K., additional, Bergemann, M., additional, Nordlander, T., additional, Morel, T., additional, Pancino, E., additional, Tautvaišien*error*ė, G., additional, Adibekyan, V., additional, Tosi, M., additional, Vallenari, A., additional, Gilmore, G., additional, Bensby, T., additional, François, P., additional, Koposov, S., additional, Lanzafame, A. C., additional, Recio-Blanco, A., additional, Bayo, A., additional, Carraro, G., additional, Casey, A. R., additional, Costado, M. T., additional, Franciosini, E., additional, Heiter, U., additional, Hill, V., additional, Hourihane, A., additional, Jofré, P., additional, Lardo, C., additional, de Laverny, P., additional, Lewis, J., additional, Monaco, L., additional, Morbidelli, L., additional, Sacco, G. G., additional, Sbordone, L., additional, Sousa, S. G., additional, Worley, C. C., additional, and Zaggia, S., additional

Published
2016
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23. The Gaia-ESO Survey: CNO abundances in the open clusters Trumpler 20, NGC 4815, and NGC 6705

Author

Tautvaisiene, G., Drazdauskas, A., Mikolaitis, S., Barisevicius, G., Puzeras, E., Stonkute, E., Chorniy, Y., Magrini, L., Romano, D., Smiljanic, R., Bragaglia, A., Carraro, G., Friel, E., Morel, T., Pancino, E., Donati, P., Jimenez-Esteban, F., Gilmore, G., Randich, S., Jeffries, R. D., Vallenari, A., Bensby, Thomas, Flaccomio, E., Recio-Blanco, A., Costado, M. T., Hill, V., Jofre, P., Lardo, C., de laverny, P., Masseron, T., Moribelli, L., Sousa, S. G., Zaggia, S., Tautvaisiene, G., Drazdauskas, A., Mikolaitis, S., Barisevicius, G., Puzeras, E., Stonkute, E., Chorniy, Y., Magrini, L., Romano, D., Smiljanic, R., Bragaglia, A., Carraro, G., Friel, E., Morel, T., Pancino, E., Donati, P., Jimenez-Esteban, F., Gilmore, G., Randich, S., Jeffries, R. D., Vallenari, A., Bensby, Thomas, Flaccomio, E., Recio-Blanco, A., Costado, M. T., Hill, V., Jofre, P., Lardo, C., de laverny, P., Masseron, T., Moribelli, L., Sousa, S. G., and Zaggia, S.

Abstract

Context. The Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey will observe a large sample of clusters and cluster stars, covering a wide age-distance-metallicity-position-density parameter space. Aims. We aim to determine C, N, and O abundances in stars of Galactic open clusters of the Gaia-ESO survey and to compare the observed abundances with those predicted by current stellar and Galactic evolution models. In this pilot paper, we investigate the first three intermediate-age open clusters. Methods. High-resolution spectra, observed with the FLAMES-UVES spectrograph on the ESO VLT, were analysed using a differential model atmosphere method. Abundances of carbon were derived using the C-2 band heads at 5135 and 5635.5 angstrom. The wavelength interval 6470-6490 angstrom, with CN features, was analysed to determine nitrogen abundances. Oxygen abundances were determined from the [O I] line at 6300 angstrom. Results. The mean values of the elemental abundances in Trumpler 20 as determined from 42 stars are: [Fe/H] = 0.10 +/- 0.08 (s.d.), [C/H] = -0.10 +/- 0.07, [N/H] = 0.50 +/- 0.07, and consequently C = N = 0.98 +/- 0.12. We measure from five giants in NGC4815: [Fe/H] = 0.01 +/- 0.04, [C/H] = -0.17 +/- 0.08, [N/H] = 0.53 +/- 0.07, [O/H] = 0.12 +/- 0.09, and C/N = 0.79 +/- 0.08. We obtain from 27 giants in NGC6705: [Fe/H] = 0.0 +/- 0.05, [C/H] = 0.08 +/- 0.06, [N/H] = 0.61 +/- 0.07, [O/H] = 0.13 +/- 0.05, and C/N = 0.83 +/- 0.19. The C/N ratios of stars in the investigated open clusters were compared with the ratios predicted by stellar evolutionary models. For the corresponding stellar turn-off masses from 1.9 to 3.3 M-circle dot, the observed C/N ratio values are very close to the predictions of standard first dredge-up models as well as to models of thermohaline extra-mixing. They are not decreased as much as predicted by the recent model in which the thermohaline-and rotation-induced extra-mixing act together. The average [O/H] abundance ratios of NGC4815 and NGC6705 are compa

Published
2015

24. TheGaia-ESO Survey: Insights into the inner-disc evolution from open clusters

Author

Magrini, L., primary, Randich, S., additional, Donati, P., additional, Bragaglia, A., additional, Adibekyan, V., additional, Romano, D., additional, Smiljanic, R., additional, Blanco-Cuaresma, S., additional, Tautvaišienė, G., additional, Friel, E., additional, Overbeek, J., additional, Jacobson, H., additional, Cantat-Gaudin, T., additional, Vallenari, A., additional, Sordo, R., additional, Pancino, E., additional, Geisler, D., additional, San Roman, I., additional, Villanova, S., additional, Casey, A., additional, Hourihane, A., additional, Worley, C. C., additional, Francois, P., additional, Gilmore, G., additional, Bensby, T., additional, Flaccomio, E., additional, Korn, A. J., additional, Recio-Blanco, A., additional, Carraro, G., additional, Costado, M. T., additional, Franciosini, E., additional, Heiter, U., additional, Jofré, P., additional, Lardo, C., additional, de Laverny, P., additional, Monaco, L., additional, Morbidelli, L., additional, Sacco, G., additional, Sousa, S. G., additional, and Zaggia, S., additional

Published
2015
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25. The Gaia-ESO Survey: The analysis of high-resolution UVES spectra of FGK-type stars

Author

Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Física, Ingeniería de Sistemas y Teoría de la Señal, Smiljanic, R., Korn, A., Bergemann, M., Frasca, A., Magrini, L., Masseron, T., Pancino, E., Ruchti, G., San Roman, I., Sbordone, L., Sousa, S.G., Drew, J., Feltzing, S., Ferguson, A., Jeffries, R., Micela, G., Negueruela, Ignacio, Prusti, T., Rix, H.-W., Alfaro, Emilio J., Babusiaux, C., Bensby, T., Blomme, Ronny, Flaccomio, E., Francois, P., Irwin, M., Koposov, S., Walton, N., Bayo, A., Carraro, G., Costado, M.T., Damiani, F., Edvardsson, B., Hourihane, A., Jackson, R.J., Lewis, J., Lind, K., Marconi, G., Martayan, C., Monaco, L., Morbidelli, L., Prisinzano, L., Zaggia, S., Tabernero, Hugo M., Tautvaišienė, G., Valentini, M., Weber, M., Worley, C.C., Adibekyan, V.Zh., Allende Prieto, C., Barisevičius, G., Biazzo, K., Blanco-Cuaresma, S., Bonifacio, P., Bragaglia, A., Caffau, E., Cantat-Gaudin, T., Chorniy, Y., Laverny, P. de, Delgado-Mena, E., Donati, P., Duffau, S., Franciosini, E., Friel, E., Geisler, Douglas, González Hernández, J.I., Gruyters, P., Guiglion, G., Hansen, C.J., Heiter, U., Hill, V., Jacobson, H.R., Jofre, P., Jönsson, H., Lanzafame, A.C., Lardo, C., Ludwig, H.-G., Maiorca, E., Mikolaitis, Š., Montes, David, Morel, Thierry, Mucciarelli, A., Muñoz, C., Nordlander, T., Pasquini, L., Puzeras, E., Recio-Blanco, A., Ryde, N., Sacco, G.G., Santos, N.C., Serenelli, A.M., Sordo, R., Soubiran, C., Spina, L., Steffen, M., Vallenari, A., Van Eck, S., Villanova, S., Gilmore, Gerard, Randich, Sofia, Asplund, M., Binney, J., Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Física, Ingeniería de Sistemas y Teoría de la Señal, Smiljanic, R., Korn, A., Bergemann, M., Frasca, A., Magrini, L., Masseron, T., Pancino, E., Ruchti, G., San Roman, I., Sbordone, L., Sousa, S.G., Drew, J., Feltzing, S., Ferguson, A., Jeffries, R., Micela, G., Negueruela, Ignacio, Prusti, T., Rix, H.-W., Alfaro, Emilio J., Babusiaux, C., Bensby, T., Blomme, Ronny, Flaccomio, E., Francois, P., Irwin, M., Koposov, S., Walton, N., Bayo, A., Carraro, G., Costado, M.T., Damiani, F., Edvardsson, B., Hourihane, A., Jackson, R.J., Lewis, J., Lind, K., Marconi, G., Martayan, C., Monaco, L., Morbidelli, L., Prisinzano, L., Zaggia, S., Tabernero, Hugo M., Tautvaišienė, G., Valentini, M., Weber, M., Worley, C.C., Adibekyan, V.Zh., Allende Prieto, C., Barisevičius, G., Biazzo, K., Blanco-Cuaresma, S., Bonifacio, P., Bragaglia, A., Caffau, E., Cantat-Gaudin, T., Chorniy, Y., Laverny, P. de, Delgado-Mena, E., Donati, P., Duffau, S., Franciosini, E., Friel, E., Geisler, Douglas, González Hernández, J.I., Gruyters, P., Guiglion, G., Hansen, C.J., Heiter, U., Hill, V., Jacobson, H.R., Jofre, P., Jönsson, H., Lanzafame, A.C., Lardo, C., Ludwig, H.-G., Maiorca, E., Mikolaitis, Š., Montes, David, Morel, Thierry, Mucciarelli, A., Muñoz, C., Nordlander, T., Pasquini, L., Puzeras, E., Recio-Blanco, A., Ryde, N., Sacco, G.G., Santos, N.C., Serenelli, A.M., Sordo, R., Soubiran, C., Spina, L., Steffen, M., Vallenari, A., Van Eck, S., Villanova, S., Gilmore, Gerard, Randich, Sofia, Asplund, M., and Binney, J.

Abstract

Context. The ongoing Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey is using FLAMES at the VLT to obtain high-quality medium-resolution Giraffe spectra for about 105 stars and high-resolution UVES spectra for about 5000 stars. With UVES, the Survey has already observed 1447 FGK-type stars. Aims. These UVES spectra are analyzed in parallel by several state-of-the-art methodologies. Our aim is to present how these analyses were implemented, to discuss their results, and to describe how a final recommended parameter scale is defined. We also discuss the precision (method-to-method dispersion) and accuracy (biases with respect to the reference values) of the final parameters. These results are part of the Gaia-ESO second internal release and will be part of its first public release of advanced data products. Methods. The final parameter scale is tied to the scale defined by the Gaia benchmark stars, a set of stars with fundamental atmospheric parameters. In addition, a set of open and globular clusters is used to evaluate the physical soundness of the results. Each of the implemented methodologies is judged against the benchmark stars to define weights in three different regions of the parameter space. The final recommended results are the weighted medians of those from the individual methods. Results. The recommended results successfully reproduce the atmospheric parameters of the benchmark stars and the expected Teff-log g relation of the calibrating clusters. Atmospheric parameters and abundances have been determined for 1301 FGK-type stars observed with UVES. The median of the method-to-method dispersion of the atmospheric parameters is 55 K for Teff, 0.13 dex for log g and 0.07 dex for [Fe/H]. Systematic biases are estimated to be between 50−100 K for Teff, 0.10−0.25 dex for log g and 0.05−0.10 dex for [Fe/H]. Abundances for 24 elements were derived: C, N, O, Na, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Y, Zr, Mo, Ba, Nd, and Eu. The typical method-to-method

Published
2014

26. The Gaia-ESO Survey: The analysis of high-resolution UVES spectra of FGK-type stars

Author

Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.), Center for Interdisciplinary Remotely-Piloted Aircraft Studies (CIRPAS), Bragaglia, A., Lanzafame, A.C., Ferguson, A., Frasca, A., Hourihane, A., Serenelli, A.M., Mucciarelli, A., Recio-Blanco, A., Vallenari, A., Bayo, A., Korn, A.J., Edvardsson, B., Allende Prieto, C., Babusiaux, C., Worley, C.C., Hansen, C.J., Lardo, C., Martayan, C., Muñoz, C., Soubiran, C., Geisler, D., Montes, D., Caffau, E., Delgado-Mena, E., Flaccomio. E., Pancino, E., Puzeras, E., Alfaro, E., Franciosini, E., Friel, E., Maiorca, E., Damiani, F., Barisevicius, G., Carraro, G., Gilmore, G., Guiglion, G., Micela, G., Ruchti, G., Sacco, G., Tautvaišien, G., Marconi, G., Rix, H.-W., Jönsson, H., Tabernero, H., Ludwig, H.-G., Jacobson, H.R., Negueruela, I., San Roman, I., Binney, J., González Hernández, J. I., Drew, J., Lewis, J., Biazzo, K., Lind, K, Magrini, L., Monaco, L., Morbidelli, L., Pasquini, L., Prisinzano, L., Sbordone, L., Spina. L., Asplund, M., Bergemann, M., Irwin, M., Valentini, M., Steffen, M., Costado, M.T., Weber, M., Ryde, N., Walton, N., Santos, N.C., Bonifacio, P., Donati, P., Gruyters, P., deLaverny, P., François, P., Jofre, P., Blomme, R., Jackson, R., Smiljanic, R., Jeffries, R., Sordo, R., Blanco-Cuaresma, S., Feltzing, S., Koposov, S., Mikolaitis, Š., Randich, S., Villanova, S., Zaggia, S., Duffau, S., Sousa, S.G., VanEck, S., Bensby, T., Cantat-Gaudin, T., Masseron, T., Nordlander, T., Morel, T., Prusti, T., Heiter, U., Adibekyan, V. Zh., Hill, V., Chorniy, Y., Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.), Center for Interdisciplinary Remotely-Piloted Aircraft Studies (CIRPAS), Bragaglia, A., Lanzafame, A.C., Ferguson, A., Frasca, A., Hourihane, A., Serenelli, A.M., Mucciarelli, A., Recio-Blanco, A., Vallenari, A., Bayo, A., Korn, A.J., Edvardsson, B., Allende Prieto, C., Babusiaux, C., Worley, C.C., Hansen, C.J., Lardo, C., Martayan, C., Muñoz, C., Soubiran, C., Geisler, D., Montes, D., Caffau, E., Delgado-Mena, E., Flaccomio. E., Pancino, E., Puzeras, E., Alfaro, E., Franciosini, E., Friel, E., Maiorca, E., Damiani, F., Barisevicius, G., Carraro, G., Gilmore, G., Guiglion, G., Micela, G., Ruchti, G., Sacco, G., Tautvaišien, G., Marconi, G., Rix, H.-W., Jönsson, H., Tabernero, H., Ludwig, H.-G., Jacobson, H.R., Negueruela, I., San Roman, I., Binney, J., González Hernández, J. I., Drew, J., Lewis, J., Biazzo, K., Lind, K, Magrini, L., Monaco, L., Morbidelli, L., Pasquini, L., Prisinzano, L., Sbordone, L., Spina. L., Asplund, M., Bergemann, M., Irwin, M., Valentini, M., Steffen, M., Costado, M.T., Weber, M., Ryde, N., Walton, N., Santos, N.C., Bonifacio, P., Donati, P., Gruyters, P., deLaverny, P., François, P., Jofre, P., Blomme, R., Jackson, R., Smiljanic, R., Jeffries, R., Sordo, R., Blanco-Cuaresma, S., Feltzing, S., Koposov, S., Mikolaitis, Š., Randich, S., Villanova, S., Zaggia, S., Duffau, S., Sousa, S.G., VanEck, S., Bensby, T., Cantat-Gaudin, T., Masseron, T., Nordlander, T., Morel, T., Prusti, T., Heiter, U., Adibekyan, V. Zh., Hill, V., and Chorniy, Y.

Abstract

Context. The ongoing Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey is using FLAMES at the VLT to obtain high-quality medium-resolution Giraffe spectra for about 10(5) stars and high-resolution UVES spectra for about 5000 stars. With UVES, the Survey has already observed 1447 FGK-type stars. Aims. These UVES spectra are analyzed in parallel by several state-of-the-art methodologies. Our aim is to present how these analyses were implemented, to discuss their results, and to describe how a final recommended parameter scale is defined. We also discuss the precision (method-to-method dispersion) and accuracy (biases with respect to the reference values) of the final parameters. These results are part of the Gaia-ESO second internal release and will be part of its first public release of advanced data products. Methods. The final parameter scale is tied to the scale defined by the Gaia benchmark stars, a set of stars with fundamental atmospheric parameters. In addition, a set of open and globular clusters is used to evaluate the physical soundness of the results. Each of the implemented methodologies is judged against the benchmark stars to define weights in three different regions of the parameter space. The final recommended results are the weighted medians of those from the individual methods. Results. The recommended results successfully reproduce the atmospheric parameters of the benchmark stars and the expected T(eff)-log g relation of the calibrating clusters. Atmospheric parameters and abundances have been determined for 1301 FGK-type stars observed with UVES. The median of the method-to-method dispersion of the atmospheric parameters is 55K for T(eff), 0.13 dex for log g and 0.07 dex for [Fe/H]. Systematic biases are estimated to be between 50−100 K for T(eff), 0.10−0.25 dex for log g and 0.05−0.10 dex for [Fe/H]. Abundances for 24 elements were derived: C, N, O, Na, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Y, Zr, Mo, Ba, Nd, and Eu. The typical method-to-me

Published
2014

27. TheGaia-ESO Survey: CNO abundances in the open clusters Trumpler 20, NGC 4815, and NGC 6705

Author

Tautvaišienė, G., primary, Drazdauskas, A., additional, Mikolaitis, Š., additional, Barisevičius, G., additional, Puzeras, E., additional, Stonkut*error*ė, E., additional, Chorniy, Y., additional, Magrini, L., additional, Romano, D., additional, Smiljanic, R., additional, Bragaglia, A., additional, Carraro, G., additional, Friel, E., additional, Morel, T., additional, Pancino, E., additional, Donati, P., additional, Jiménez-Esteban, F., additional, Gilmore, G., additional, Randich, S., additional, Jeffries, R. D., additional, Vallenari, A., additional, Bensby, T., additional, Flaccomio, E., additional, Recio-Blanco, A., additional, Costado, M. T., additional, Hill, V., additional, Jofré, P., additional, Lardo, C., additional, de Laverny, P., additional, Masseron, T., additional, Moribelli, L., additional, Sousa, S. G., additional, and Zaggia, S., additional

Published
2014
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28. The Gaia-ESO Survey: the present-day radial metallicity distribution of the Galactic disc probed by pre-main-sequence clusters.

Author

Spina, L., Randich, S., Magrini, L., Jeffries, R. D., Friel, E. D., Sacco, G. G., Pancino, E., Bonito, R., Bravi, L., Franciosini, E., Klutsch, A., Montes, D., Gilmore, G., Vallenari, A., Bensby, T., Bragaglia, A., Flaccomio, E., Koposov, S. E., Korn, A. J., and Lanzafame, A. C.

Subjects
GALAXY clusters, DISKS (Astrophysics), CONSTRAINTS (Physics), INTERSTELLAR medium, STELLAR evolution
Abstract

Context: The radial metallicity distribution in the Galactic thin disc represents a crucial constraint for modelling disc formation and evolution. Open star clusters allow us to derive both the radial metallicity distribution and its evolution over time. Aims: In this paper we perform the first investigation of the present-day radial metallicity distribution based on [Fe/H] determinations in late type members of pre-main-sequence clusters. Because of their youth, these clusters are therefore essential for tracing the current interstellar medium metallicity. Methods: We used the products of the Gaia-ESO Survey analysis of 12 young regions (age < 100 Myr), covering Galactocentric distances from 6.67 to 8.70 kpc. For the first time, we derived the metal content of star forming regions farther than 500 pc from the Sun. Median metallicities were determined through samples of reliable cluster members. For ten clusters the membership analysis is discussed in the present paper, while for other two clusters (i.e. Chamaeleon I and Gamma Velorum) we adopted the members identified in our previous works. Results: All the pre-main-sequence clusters considered in this paper have close-to-solar or slightly sub-solar metallicities. The radial metallicity distribution traced by these clusters is almost flat, with the innermost star forming regions having [Fe/H] values that are 0.10-0.15 dex lower than the majority of the older clusters located at similar Galactocentric radii. Conclusions: This homogeneous study of the present-day radial metallicity distribution in the Galactic thin disc favours models that predict a flattening of the radial gradient over time. On the other hand, the decrease of the average [Fe/H] at young ages is not easily explained by the models. Our results reveal a complex interplay of several processes (e.g. star formation activity, initial mass function, supernova yields, gas flows) that controlled the recent evolution of the Milky Way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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29. TheGaia-ESO Survey: The analysis of high-resolution UVES spectra of FGK-type stars

Author

Smiljanic, R., primary, Korn, A. J., additional, Bergemann, M., additional, Frasca, A., additional, Magrini, L., additional, Masseron, T., additional, Pancino, E., additional, Ruchti, G., additional, San Roman, I., additional, Sbordone, L., additional, Sousa, S. G., additional, Tabernero, H., additional, Tautvaišienė, G., additional, Valentini, M., additional, Weber, M., additional, Worley, C. C., additional, Adibekyan, V. Zh., additional, Allende Prieto, C., additional, Barisevičius, G., additional, Biazzo, K., additional, Blanco-Cuaresma, S., additional, Bonifacio, P., additional, Bragaglia, A., additional, Caffau, E., additional, Cantat-Gaudin, T., additional, Chorniy, Y., additional, de Laverny, P., additional, Delgado-Mena, E., additional, Donati, P., additional, Duffau, S., additional, Franciosini, E., additional, Friel, E., additional, Geisler, D., additional, González Hernández, J. I., additional, Gruyters, P., additional, Guiglion, G., additional, Hansen, C. J., additional, Heiter, U., additional, Hill, V., additional, Jacobson, H. R., additional, Jofre, P., additional, Jönsson, H., additional, Lanzafame, A. C., additional, Lardo, C., additional, Ludwig, H.-G., additional, Maiorca, E., additional, Mikolaitis, Š., additional, Montes, D., additional, Morel, T., additional, Mucciarelli, A., additional, Muñoz, C., additional, Nordlander, T., additional, Pasquini, L., additional, Puzeras, E., additional, Recio-Blanco, A., additional, Ryde, N., additional, Sacco, G., additional, Santos, N. C., additional, Serenelli, A. M., additional, Sordo, R., additional, Soubiran, C., additional, Spina, L., additional, Steffen, M., additional, Vallenari, A., additional, Van Eck, S., additional, Villanova, S., additional, Gilmore, G., additional, Randich, S., additional, Asplund, M., additional, Binney, J., additional, Drew, J., additional, Feltzing, S., additional, Ferguson, A., additional, Jeffries, R., additional, Micela, G., additional, Negueruela, I., additional, Prusti, T., additional, Rix, H-W., additional, Alfaro, E., additional, Babusiaux, C., additional, Bensby, T., additional, Blomme, R., additional, Flaccomio, E., additional, François, P., additional, Irwin, M., additional, Koposov, S., additional, Walton, N., additional, Bayo, A., additional, Carraro, G., additional, Costado, M. T., additional, Damiani, F., additional, Edvardsson, B., additional, Hourihane, A., additional, Jackson, R., additional, Lewis, J., additional, Lind, K., additional, Marconi, G., additional, Martayan, C., additional, Monaco, L., additional, Morbidelli, L., additional, Prisinzano, L., additional, and Zaggia, S., additional

Published
2014
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30. TheGaia-ESO Survey: Stellar content and elemental abundances in the massive cluster NGC 6705

Author

Cantat-Gaudin, T., primary, Vallenari, A., additional, Zaggia, S., additional, Bragaglia, A., additional, Sordo, R., additional, Drew, J. E., additional, Eisloeffel, J., additional, Farnhill, H. J., additional, Gonzalez-Solares, E., additional, Greimel, R., additional, Irwin, M. J., additional, Kupcu-Yoldas, A., additional, Jordi, C., additional, Blomme, R., additional, Sampedro, L., additional, Costado, M. T., additional, Alfaro, E., additional, Smiljanic, R., additional, Magrini, L., additional, Donati, P., additional, Friel, E. D., additional, Jacobson, H., additional, Abbas, U., additional, Hatzidimitriou, D., additional, Spagna, A., additional, Vecchiato, A., additional, Balaguer-Nunez, L., additional, Lardo, C., additional, Tosi, M., additional, Pancino, E., additional, Klutsch, A., additional, Tautvaisiene, G., additional, Drazdauskas, A., additional, Puzeras, E., additional, Jiménez-Esteban, F., additional, Maiorca, E., additional, Geisler, D., additional, San Roman, I., additional, Villanova, S., additional, Gilmore, G., additional, Randich, S., additional, Bensby, T., additional, Flaccomio, E., additional, Lanzafame, A., additional, Recio-Blanco, A., additional, Damiani, F., additional, Hourihane, A., additional, Jofré, P., additional, de Laverny, P., additional, Masseron, T., additional, Morbidelli, L., additional, Prisinzano, L., additional, Sacco, G. G., additional, Sbordone, L., additional, and Worley, C. C., additional

Published
2014
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31. Gaia-ESO Survey: Properties of the intermediate age open cluster NGC 4815

Author

Friel, E. D., primary, Donati, P., additional, Bragaglia, A., additional, Jacobson, H. R., additional, Magrini, L., additional, Prisinzano, L., additional, Randich, S., additional, Tosi, M., additional, Cantat-Gaudin, T., additional, Vallenari, A., additional, Smiljanic, R., additional, Carraro, G., additional, Sordo, R., additional, Maiorca, E., additional, Tautvaišien*error*ė, G., additional, Sestito, P., additional, Zaggia, S., additional, Jiménez-Esteban, F. M., additional, Gilmore, G., additional, Jeffries, R. D., additional, Alfaro, E., additional, Bensby, T., additional, Koposov, S. E., additional, Korn, A. J., additional, Pancino, E., additional, Recio-Blanco, A., additional, Franciosini, E., additional, Hill, V., additional, Jackson, R. J., additional, de Laverny, P., additional, Morbidelli, L., additional, Sacco, G. G., additional, Worley, C. C., additional, Hourihane, A., additional, Costado, M. T., additional, Jofré, P., additional, and Lind, K., additional

Published
2014
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32. TheGaia-ESO Survey: Abundance ratios in the inner-disk open clusters Trumpler 20, NGC 4815, NGC 6705

Author

Magrini, L., primary, Randich, S., additional, Romano, D., additional, Friel, E., additional, Bragaglia, A., additional, Smiljanic, R., additional, Jacobson, H., additional, Vallenari, A., additional, Tosi, M., additional, Spina, L., additional, Donati, P., additional, Maiorca, E., additional, Cantat-Gaudin, T., additional, Sordo, R., additional, Bergemann, M., additional, Damiani, F., additional, Tautvaišien*error*ė, G., additional, Blanco-Cuaresma, S., additional, Jiménez-Esteban, F., additional, Geisler, D., additional, Mowlavi, N., additional, Munoz, C., additional, San Roman, I., additional, Soubiran, C., additional, Villanova, S., additional, Zaggia, S., additional, Gilmore, G., additional, Asplund, M., additional, Feltzing, S., additional, Jeffries, R., additional, Bensby, T., additional, Koposov, S., additional, Korn, A. J., additional, Flaccomio, E., additional, Pancino, E., additional, Recio-Blanco, A., additional, Sacco, G., additional, Costado, M. T., additional, Franciosini, E., additional, Jofre, P., additional, de Laverny, P., additional, Hill, V., additional, Heiter, U., additional, Hourihane, A., additional, Jackson, R., additional, Lardo, C., additional, Morbidelli, L., additional, Lewis, J., additional, Lind, K., additional, Masseron, T., additional, Prisinzano, L., additional, and Worley, C., additional

Published
2014
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33. TheGaia-ESO Survey: Reevaluation of the parameters of the open cluster Trumpler 20 using photometry and spectroscopy

Author

Donati, P., primary, Cantat Gaudin, T., additional, Bragaglia, A., additional, Friel, E., additional, Magrini, L., additional, Smiljanic, R., additional, Vallenari, A., additional, Tosi, M., additional, Sordo, R., additional, Tautvaišienė, G., additional, Blanco-Cuaresma, S., additional, Costado, M. T., additional, Geisler, D., additional, Klutsch, A., additional, Mowlavi, N., additional, Muñoz, C., additional, San Roman, I., additional, Zaggia, S., additional, Gilmore, G., additional, Randich, S., additional, Bensby, T., additional, Flaccomio, E., additional, Koposov, S. E., additional, Korn, A. J., additional, Pancino, E., additional, Recio-Blanco, A., additional, Franciosini, E., additional, de Laverny, P., additional, Lewis, J., additional, Morbidelli, L., additional, Prisinzano, L., additional, Sacco, G., additional, Worley, C. C., additional, Hourihane, A., additional, Jofré, P., additional, Lardo, C., additional, and Maiorca, E., additional

Published
2014
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35. The Gaia-ESO Survey: Insights into the inner-disc evolution from open clusters.

Author

Magrini, L., Randich, S., Donati, P., Bragaglia, A., Adibekyan, V., Romano, D., Smiljanic, R., Blanco-Cuaresma, S., Tautvaišiene, G., Friel, E., Overbeek, J., Jacobson, H., Cantat-Gaudin, T., Vallenari, A., Sordo, R., Pancino, E., Geisler, D., Roman, I. San, Villanova, S., and Casey, A.

Subjects
OPEN clusters of stars, VERY Large Telescope (Chile), DISKS (Astrophysics), COSMIC abundances, LOCAL thermodynamic equilibrium
Abstract

Context. The inner disc, which links the thin disc with the bulge, has been somewhat neglected in the past because of the intrinsic difficulties in its study, among which crowding and high extinction. Open clusters located in the inner disc are among the best tracers of its chemistry at different ages and distances. Aims. We analyse the chemical patterns of four open clusters located within 7 kpc of the Galactic centre and of field stars to infer the properties of the inner disc with the Gaia-ESO survey idr2/3 data release. Methods. We derive the parameters of the newly observed cluster, Berkeley 81, finding an age of about 1 Gyr and a Galactocentric distance of ~5.4 kpc. We construct the chemical patterns of clusters and we compare them with those of field stars in the solar neighbourhood and in the inner-disc samples. Results. Comparing the three populations we observe that inner-disc clusters and field stars are both, on average, enhanced in [O/Fe], [Mg/Fe], and [Si/Fe]. Using the idr2/3 results of M67, we estimate the non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) effect on the abundances of Mg and Si in giant stars. After empirically correcting for NLTE effects, we note that NGC 6705 and Be 81 still have a high [α/Fe]. Conclusions. The location of the four open clusters and of the field population reveals that the evolution of the metallicity [Fe/H] and of [α/Fe] can be explained within the framework of a simple chemical evolution model: both [Fe/H] and [α/Fe] of Trumpler 20 and of NGC 4815 are in agreement with expectations from a simple chemical evolution model. On the other hand, NGC 6705, and to a lesser degree Berkeley 81, have higher [α/Fe] than expected for their ages, location in the disc, and metallicity. These differences might originate from local enrichment processes as explained in the inhomogeneous evolution framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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36. The Gaia-ESO Survey: CNO abundances in the open clusters Trumpler 20, NGC4815, and NGC6705.

Author

Tautvaišienė, G., Drazdauskas, A., Mikolaitis, Š., Bariseviçius, G., Puzeras, E., Stonkutė, E., Chorniy, Y., Magrini, L., Romano, D., Smiljanic, R., Bragaglia, A., Carraro, G., Friel, E., Morel, T., Pancino, E., Donati, P., Jiménez-Esteban, F., Gilmore, G., Randich, S., and Jeffries, R. D.

Subjects
ASTRONOMICAL surveys, OPEN clusters of stars, DENSITY of stars, GALACTIC evolution, SPECTROGRAPHS, HIGH resolution spectroscopy
Abstract

Context. The Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey will observe a large sample of clusters and cluster stars, covering a wide age-distancemetallicity-position-density parameter space. Aims. We aim to determine C, N, and O abundances in stars of Galactic open clusters of the Gaia-ESO survey and to compare the observed abundances with those predicted by current stellar and Galactic evolution models. In this pilot paper, we investigate the first three intermediate-age open clusters. Methods. High-resolution spectra, observed with the FLAMES-UVES spectrograph on the ESO VLT, were analysed using a differential model atmosphere method. Abundances of carbon were derived using the C2 band heads at 5135 and 5635.5 Å. The wavelength interval 6470-6490 Å, with CN features, was analysed to determine nitrogen abundances. Oxygen abundances were determined from the [O i] line at 6300 Å. Results. The mean values of the elemental abundances in Trumpler 20 as determined from 42 stars are: [Fe=H] = 0.10 ± 0.08 (s.d.), [C=H] = -0.10 ± 0.07, [N=H] = 0.50 ± 0.07, and consequently C=N = 0.98 ± 0.12. We measure from five giants in NGC4815. [Fe=H] = -0.01 ± 0.04, [C=H] = -0.17 ± 0.08, [N=H] = 0.53 ± 0.07, [O=H] = 0.12 ± 0.09, and C=N = 0.79 ± 0.08. We obtain from 27 giants in NGC6705. [Fe=H] = 0.0 ± 0.05, [C=H] = -0.08 ± 0.06, [N=H] = 0.61 ± 0.07, [O=H] = 0.13 ± 0.05, and C=N = 0.83 ± 0.19. The C/N ratios of stars in the investigated open clusters were compared with the ratios predicted by stellar evolutionary models. For the corresponding stellar turn-off masses from 1.9 to 3.3 M⊙, the observed C/N ratio values are very close to the predictions of standard first dredge-up models as well as to models of thermohaline extra-mixing. They are not decreased as much as predicted by the recent model in which the thermohaline- and rotation-induced extra-mixing act together. The average [O/H] abundance ratios of NGC4815 and NGC6705 are compared with the predictions of two Galactic chemical evolution models. The data are consistent with the evolution at the solar radius within the errors. Conclusions. The first results of CNO determinations in open clusters show the potential of the Gaia-ESO Survey to judge stellar and Galactic chemical evolution models and the validity of their physical assumptions through a homogeneous and detailed spectral analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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37. The Gaia-ESO Survey: Abundance ratios in the inner-disk open clusters Trumpler 20, NGC 4815, NGC 6705⋆.

Author

Magrini, L., Randich, S., Romano, D., Friel, E., Bragaglia, A., Smiljanic, R., Jacobson, H., Vallenari, A., Tosi, M., Spina, L., Donati, P., Maiorca, E., Cantat-Gaudin, T., Sordo, R., Bergemann, M., Damiani, F., Tautvaišienė, G., Blanco-Cuaresma, S., Jiménez-Esteban, F., and Geisler, D.

Subjects
OPEN clusters of stars, COSMIC abundances, CHEMICAL structure, INTERSTELLAR medium, GALACTIC evolution, MOLECULAR evolution, GALACTIC bulges
Abstract

Context. Open clusters are key tools to study the spatial distribution of abundances in the disk and their evolution with time. Aims. Using the first release of stellar parameters and abundances of the Gaia-ESO Survey, we analyse the chemical properties of stars in three old/intermediate-age open clusters, namely NGC 6705, NGC 4815, and Trumpler 20, which are all located in the inner part of the Galactic disk at Galactocentric radius RGC ~ 7 kpc. We aim to prove their homogeneity and to compare them with the field population. Methods. We study the abundance ratios of elements belonging to two different nucleosynthetic channels: α-elements and iron-peak elements. For each element, we analyse the internal chemical homogeneity of cluster members, and we compare the cumulative distributions of cluster abundance ratios with those of solar neighbourhood turn-off stars and of inner-disk/bulge giants. We compare the abundance ratios of field and cluster stars with two chemical evolution models that predict different α-enhancement dependences on the Galactocentric distance due to different assumptions on the infall and star-formation rates. Results. The main results can be summarised as follows: i) cluster members are chemically homogeneous within 3σ in all analysed elements; ii) the three clusters have comparable [El/Fe] patterns within ~1σ, but they differ in their global metal content [El/H] with NGC 4815 having the lowest metallicity; their [El/Fe] ratios show differences and analogies with those of the field population, in both the solar neighbourhood and the bulge/inner disk; iii) comparing the abundance ratios with the results of two chemical evolution models and with field star abundance distributions, we find that the abundance ratios of Mg, Ni, and Ca in NGC 6705 might require an inner birthplace, implying a subsequent variation in its RGC during its lifetime, which is consistent with previous orbit determination. Conclusions. Using the results of the first internal data release, we show the potential of the Gaia-ESO Survey through a homogeneous and detailed analysis of the cluster versus field populations to reveal the chemical structure of our Galaxy using a completely uniform analysis of different populations. We verify that the Gaia-ESO Survey data are able to identify the unique chemical properties of each cluster by pinpointing the composition of the interstellar medium at the epoch and place of formation. The full dataset of the Gaia-ESO Survey is a superlative tool to constrain the chemical evolution of our Galaxy by disentangling different formation and evolution scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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38. The Gaia-ESO Survey: Reevaluation of the parameters of the open cluster Trumpler 20 using photometry and spectroscopy.

Author

Donati, P., Gaudin, T. Cantat, Bragaglia, A., Friel, E., Magrini, L., Smiljanic, R., Vallenari, A., Tosi, M., Sordo, R., Tautvaišiene, G., Blanco-Cuaresma, S., Costado, M. T., Geisler, D., Klutsch, A., Mowlavi, N., Muñoz, C., Roman, I. San, Zaggia, S., Gilmore, G., and Randich, S.

Subjects
OPEN clusters of stars, PHOTOMETRY, ELECTROMAGNETIC measurements, SPECTRUM analysis, ASTROPHYSICS
Abstract

Trumpler 20 is an old open cluster (OC) located toward the Galactic centre, at about 3 kpc from the Sun and ~7 kpc from the Galactic centre. Its position makes this cluster particularly interesting in the framework of the chemical properties of the Galactic disc because very few old OCs reside in the inner part of the disc. For this reason it has been selected as a cluster target of the Gaia-ESO Survey, and spectra of many stars in the main-sequence and red-clump phases are now available. Moreover, although it has been studied by several authors in the past, no consensus on the evolutionary status of Tr 20 has been reached. The heavy contamination of field stars (the line of sight of Tr 20 crosses the Carina spiral arm) complicates a correct interpretation. Another interesting aspect of the cluster is that it shows a broadened main-sequence turn-off and a prominent and extended red-clump, characteristics that are not easily explained by classical evolutionary models. Exploiting both spectroscopic information from the Gaia-ESO Survey (and the ESO archive) and literature photometry, we obtain a detailed and accurate analysis of the properties of the cluster. We make use of the first accurate metallicity measurement ever obtained from several spectra of red clump stars, and of cluster membership determination using radial velocities. According to the evolutionary models adopted, we find that Tr 20 has an age in the range 1.35-1.66 Gyr, an average reddening E(B - V) in the range 0.31-0.35 mag, and a distance modulus (m - M)0between 12.64 and 12.72 mag. The spectroscopic metallicity is [Fe/H] = +0.17 dex. We discuss the structural properties of the object and constrain possible hypotheses for its broadened upper main sequence by estimating the effect of differential reddening and its extended red clump. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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39. The Gaia-ESO survey: the inner disk intermediate-age open cluster NGC 6802

Author

Gražina Tautvaišienė, P. Donati, Sergey E. Koposov, Sérgio F. Sousa, Gerard Gilmore, F. M. Jiménez-Esteban, C. Munoz, E. Franciosini, O. Snaith, Baitian Tang, Vardan Adibekyan, E. Pancino, R. Ženovienė, Laura Magrini, Lorenzo Monaco, Ettore Flaccomio, G. Carraro, Loredana Prisinzano, Andrew R. Casey, Sofia Randich, John D. Lewis, Carmela Lardo, Roger E. Cohen, Angela Bragaglia, Eileen D. Friel, Tomaz Zwitter, F. Mauro, Rodolfo Smiljanic, M. T. Costado, Arnas Drazdauskas, A. C. Lanzafame, Amelia Bayo, Simone Zaggia, A. Hourihane, C. C. Worley, L. Morbidelli, Sandro Villanova, P. Francois, Douglas Geisler, Rosanna Sordo, Paula Jofre, S. Blanco-Cuaresma, Francesco Damiani, I. San Roman, G. G. Sacco, Andreas Korn, Régulations métaboliques, nutrition et diabètes - UM55 (RMND UM55), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Departamento de Fisica Teorica C-XI (FTUAM), Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna (OABO), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Institut national de recherche et de sécurité (Vandoeuvre lès Nancy) (INRS ( Vandoeuvre lès Nancy)), Korea Institute for Advanced Study (KIAS), Centro de Astrofísica da Universidade do Porto (CAUP), Universidade do Porto, University of Ljubljana, Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique, Instrumentation (GEPI), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (OAPD), Department of Astronomy and Space Physics [Uppsala], Uppsala University, INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania (OACT), University of Turin, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Milano (INFN), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidade do Porto [Porto], M2A 2017, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] (LAB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna (OABO), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare [Milano] (INFN), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Commission, European Research Council, Leverhulme Trust, Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (Chile), Tang B., Geisler D., Friel E., Villanova S., Smiljanic R., Casey A.R., Randich S., Magrini L., San Roman I., Munoz C., Cohen R.E., Mauro F., Bragaglia A., Donati P., Tautvaisiene G., Drazdauskas A., Zenoviene R., Snaith O., Sousa S., Adibekyan V., Costado M.T., Blanco-Cuaresma S., Jimenez-Esteban F., Carraro G., Zwitter T., Francois P., Jofre P., Sordo R., Gilmore G., Flaccomio E., Koposov S., Korn A.J., Lanzafame A.C., Pancino E., Bayo A., Damiani F., Franciosini E., Hourihane A., Lardo C., Lewis J., Monaco L., Morbidelli L., Prisinzano L., Sacco G., Worley C.C., and Zaggia S.

Subjects
astro-ph.SR, astro-ph.GA, Milky Way, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 0103 physical sciences, individual: NGC 6802 [Open clusters and associations], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), QC, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, QB, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Physics, general [Open clusters and associations], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, open clusters and associations: individual: NGC 6802, open clusters andassociations: general, stars: abundances, Stars: abundances, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Open clusters and associations: general, Open clusters and associations: individual: NGC 6802, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Radial velocity, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), abundances [Stars], [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Data release, Open cluster
Abstract

Full list of authors: Tang, B.; Geisler, D.; Friel, E.; Villanova, S.; Smiljanic, R.; Casey, A. R.; Randich, S.; Magrini, L.; San Roman, I.; Muñoz, C.; Cohen, R. E.; Mauro, F.; Bragaglia, A.; Donati, P.; Tautvaišien*error*ė, G.; Drazdauskas, A.; Ženovienė, R.; Snaith, O.; Sousa, S.; Adibekyan, V. Costado, M. T.; Blanco-Cuaresma, S.; Jiménez-Esteban, F.; Carraro, G.; Zwitter, T.; François, P.; Jofrè, P.; Sordo, R.; Gilmore, G.; Flaccomio, E.; Koposov, S.; Korn, A. J.; Lanzafame, A. C.; Pancino, E.; Bayo, A.; Damiani, F.; Franciosini, E.; Hourihane, A.; Lardo, C.; Lewis, J.; Monaco, L.; Morbidelli, L.; Prisinzano, L.; Sacco, G.; Worley, C. C.; Zaggia, S., Milky Way open clusters are very diverse in terms of age, chemical composition, and kinematic properties. Intermediate-age and old open clusters are less common, and it is even harder to find them inside the solar Galactocentric radius, due to the high mortality rate and strong extinction inside this region. NGC 6802 is one of the inner disk open clusters (IOCs) observed by the Gaia-ESO survey (GES). This cluster is an important target for calibrating the abundances derived in the survey due to the kinematic and chemical homogeneity of the members in open clusters. Using the measurements from Gaia-ESO internal data release 4 (iDR4), we identify 95 main-sequence dwarfs as cluster members from the GIRAFFE target list, and eight giants as cluster members from the UVES target list. The dwarf cluster members have a median radial velocity of 13.6 ± 1.9 km s, while the giant cluster members have a median radial velocity of 12.0 ± 0.9 km s and a median [Fe/H] of 0.10 ± 0.02 dex. The color-magnitude diagram of these cluster members suggests an age of 0.9 ± 0.1 Gyr, with (m-M) = 11.4 and E(B-V) = 0.86. We perform the first detailed chemical abundance analysis of NGC 6802, including 27 elemental species. To gain a more general picture about IOCs, the measurements of NGC 6802 are compared with those of other IOCs previously studied by GES, that is, NGC 4815, Trumpler 20, NGC 6705, and Berkeley 81. NGC 6802 shows similar C, N, Na, and Al abundances as other IOCs. These elements are compared with nucleosynthetic models as a function of cluster turn-off mass. The α, iron-peak, and neutron-capture elements are also explored in a self-consistent way. © ESO, 2017., Based on data products from observations made with ESO Telescopes at the La Silla Paranal Observatory under programme ID 188.B-3002. These data products have been processed by the Cambridge Astronomy Survey Unit (CASU) at the Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, and by the FLAMES/UVES reduction team at INAF/Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri. These data have been obtained from the Gaia-ESO Survey Data Archive, prepared and hosted by the Wide Field Astronomy Unit, Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, which is funded by the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council. This work was partly supported by the European Union FP7 programme through ERC grant number 320360 and by the Leverhulme Trust through grant RPG-2012-541. We acknowledge the support from INAF and Ministero dell' Istruzione, dell' Universita e della Ricerca (MIUR) in the form of the grant "Premiale VLT 2012". The results presented here benefit from discussions held during the Gaia-ESO workshops and conferences supported by the ESF (European Science Foundation) through the GREAT Research Network Programme. We thank the anonymous referee for insightful comments. D.G., S.V., and B.T. gratefully acknowledges support from the Chilean BASAL Centro de Excelencia en Astrofisica y Tecnologias Afines (CATA) grant PFB-06/2007. C.M. acknowledges support from CONICYT-PCHA/Doctorado Nacional/2014-21141057. R.E.C. acknowledges funding from Gemini-CONICYT for Project 32140007. F.M. gratefully acknowledges the support provided by Fondecyt for project 314017. This work was partly supported (A.R.C.) by the European Union FP7 programme through grant number 320360. This work was partly supported (A.D., G.T., R.Z.) by the grant from the Research Council of Lithuania (MIP082/2015). S.G.S. acknowledges the support from FCT through Investigador FCT contract of reference IF/00028/2014 and the support from FCT through the project PTDC/FIS-AST/7073/2014. C.L. gratefully acknowledges financial support from the European Research Council (ERC-CoG-646928, Multi-Pop, PI: N. Bastian). V.A. acknowledges the support from the FCT (Portugal) in the form of the grant SFRH/BPD/70574/2010, the support by FCT through national funds (Refs. PTDC/FIS-AST/7073/2014 and PTDC/FIS-AST/1526/2014) and by FEDER through COMPETE2020 (Refs. POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016880 and POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016886).

Published
2017

40. The Gaia-ESO Survey: Abundance ratios in the inner-disk open clusters Trumpler 20, NGC 4815, NGC 6705

Author

Gerard Gilmore, F. M. Jiménez-Esteban, Ulrike Heiter, Vanessa Hill, Jack Lewis, Lorenzo Spina, P. Donati, A. Hourihane, E. Friel, Grazina Tautvaisiene, E. Franciosini, Sergey E. Koposov, Enrico Maiorca, Carmela Lardo, Andreas Korn, Rodolfo Smiljanic, Sofia Feltzing, Antonella Vallenari, Monica Tosi, R. J. Jackson, Martin Asplund, Angela Bragaglia, Thomas Masseron, Heather R. Jacobson, P. Francois, C. Muñoz, P. de Laverny, Clare Worley, Nami Mowlavi, R. D. Jeffries, Maria Bergemann, I. San Roman, S. Villanova, S. Blanco-Cuaresma, Francesco Damiani, Tristan Cantat-Gaudin, Alejandra Recio-Blanco, Sofia Randich, Karin Lind, Donatella Romano, Ettore Flaccomio, Caroline Soubiran, Laura Magrini, Douglas Geisler, Paula Jofre, Simone Zaggia, Loredana Prisinzano, R. Sordo, G. G. Sacco, L. Morbidelli, Thomas Bensby, Elena Pancino, M. T. Costado, Laboratoire des Agrégats Moléculaires et Matériaux Inorganiques (LAMMI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), M2A 2014, Laboratoire d'astrodynamique, d'astrophysique et d'aéronomie de bordeaux (L3AB), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] (LAB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Department of Astronomy and Space Physics [Uppsala], Uppsala University, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] (LAB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1, Magrini L., Randich S., Romano D., Friel E., Bragaglia A., Smiljanic R., Jacobson H., Vallenari A., Tosi M., Spina L., Donati P., Maiorca E., Cantat-Gaudin T., Sordo R., Bergemann M., Damiani F., Tautvaisiene G., Blanco-Cuaresma S., Jimenez-Esteban F., Geisler D., Mowlavi N., Munoz C., San Roman I., Soubiran C., Villanova S., Zaggia S., Gilmore G., Asplund M., Feltzing S., Jeffries R., Bensby T., Koposov S., Korn A.J., Flaccomio E., Pancino E., Recio-Blanco A., Sacco G., Costado M.T., Franciosini E., Jofre P., De Laverny P., Hill V., Heiter U., Hourihane A., Jackson R., Lardo C., Morbidelli L., Lewis J., Lind K., Masseron T., Prisinzano L., and Worley C.

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Globular clusters: individual: NGC 6705, Metallicity, astro-ph.GA, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Galaxy: disk, Open clusters and associations: individual: NGC 4815, Bulge, Abundance (ecology), Disc, Galaxy: abundances, Open clusters and associations: general, Open clusters and associations: individual: Trumpler 20, Physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Galaxy: abundance, Stars, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Content (measure theory), Open cluster
Abstract

Open clusters are key tools to study the spatial distribution of abundances in the disk and their evolution with time. Using the first release of stellar parameters and abundances of the Gaia-ESO Survey, we analyse the chemical properties of stars in three old/intermediate-age open clusters, namely NGC 6705, NGC 4815, and Trumpler 20, all located in the inner part of the Galactic disk at Galactocentric radius R$_{GC}\sim$7 kpc, aiming at proving their homogeneity and at comparing them with the field population. We study the abundance ratios of elements belonging to two different nucleosynthetic channels: $\alpha$-elements and iron-peak elements. The main results can be summarised as follows: i) cluster members are chemically homogeneous within 3-$\sigma$ in all analysed elements; ii) the three clusters have comparable [El/Fe] patters within $\sim$1-$\sigma$, but they differ in their global metal content [El/H], with NGC 4815 having the lowest metallicity. Their [El/Fe] ratios show differences and analogies with those of the field population, both in the solar neighbourhood and in the bulge/inner disk; iii) comparing the abundance ratios with the results of two chemical evolution models and with field star abundance distributions, we find that the abundance ratios of Mg, Ni, Ca in NGC 6705 might require an inner birthplace, implying a subsequent variation of its R$_{GC}$ during its lifetime, consistent with previous orbit determination. The full dataset of the Gaia-ESO Survey will be a superlative tool to constrain the chemical evolution of our Galaxy by disentangling different formation and evolution scenarios., Comment: 17 pages, 11 figures, A&A accepted

Published
2014

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