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Introduction: Line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT) is a recently introduced, non-invasive skin imaging technique combining the technical advantages of reflectance confocal microscopy and conventional OCT in terms of isotropic resolution and in-tissue penetration. Several studies have been published so far about the use of LC-OCT in melanocytic and non-melanocytic skin tumors. The aim of this review was to summarize the currently available data on the use of LC-OCT for benign and malignant melanocytic and non-melanocytic skin tumors., Evidence Acquisition: We searched scientific databases for any literature published up to 30 th April 2023 and concerning the use of LC-OCT for melanocytic and non-melanocytic skin tumors. Identified papers were evaluated, and relevant information was extracted., Evidence Synthesis: A total of 29 studies were found including original articles, short reports, and letters to the Editor: 6 applied to melanocytic skin tumors, 22 to non-melanocytic skin tumors and 1 to both. The use of LC-OCT increased the diagnostic accuracy for melanocytic and non-melanocytic skin lesions. The highest diagnostic performance was found for basal cell carcinoma (BCC), but significant improvements in the diagnostic accuracy were also detected for the differentiation of actinic keratosis (AK) from squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and of melanoma from nevi. The LC-OCT features of other skin tumors were also described and successfully correlated with histopathology., Conclusions: LC-OCT proved to increase the diagnostic accuracy for melanocytic and non-melanocytic skin lesions, thanks to the combination of high resolution/penetration, 3D reconstructions, and integrated dermoscopy. Although BCC seems the most suitable tumors for LC-OCT examination, the device is extremely performant for the differentiation of AK from SCC and the discrimination of melanoma from nevi as well. Additional studies on diagnostic performance and new investigations about the presurgical assessment of tumor margins with LC-OCT and its association with human and artificial intelligence algorithms are in progress.

Line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT) is a new non-invasive dermatological imaging device. We summarized the available data on the use of LC-OCT for inflammatory and infectious diseases. In February 2023, we searched for all articles concerning the use of LC-OCT in inflammatory and infectious diseases. A total number of 14 papers were found and evaluated, and relevant information was extracted. LC-OCT can reveal architectural changes in the skin. Inflammatory cells are barely visible. It can highlight the level of fluid accumulation, the thickness of different epidermal layers, and the presence of ''foreign bodies'' such as parasites.

Born in 1995, teledermatology (TD) turns 25 years old today. Since then, TD evolved according to patients and physicians needs. The present review aimed to summarize all the efforts and experiences carried out in the field of TD and its subspecialties, the evolution and the future perspectives. A literature search was conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar. The state of the art of the "tele-dermo research" included TD and clinical trials, TD/TDS web platforms, TDS and artificial intelligence studies. Finally, the future perspective of TD/TDS in the era of social distancing was discussed. Using TD in specific situations adds several benefits including time-effectiveness of intervention and reduction in the waiting time for the first visit, reduced travel-costs, reduced sanitary costs, equalization of access from patient to specialistic consult. The communication technologies devices currently available can adequately support the growing needs of tele-assistance. A main limit is the current lack of a common clear European regulation for practicing TD, encompassing privacy issues and data management. The pandemic lockdown of 2020 has highlighted the importance of performing TD for all those patient, elderly and/or fragile, where the alternative would be no care at all. Many efforts are needed to develop efficient workflows and TD programs to facilitate the interplay among the different TD actors, along with practice guidelines or position statements.