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Il testo analizza la tematica del ruolo, del profilo professionale dell'insegnante, della relazione con gli allievi, delle finalità e dei metodi del processo di insegnamento in una prospettiva storica, in particolare attraverso una riflessione sistematica delle figure di Socrate e dei Sofisti: in particolare, mette in luce come alcuni stereotipi, alcune rappresentazioni, alcuni interrogativi e aporie, connessi con la funzione magistrale siano sorti proprio nella Grecia classica e si siano sedimentati nella storia della cultura occidentale. Il testo si avvale dell'analisi approfondita di testimonianze filosofiche, letterarie, storiche, teatrali, artistiche. This volume offers an analysis, in a historical perspective, of the role and professional profile of teachers, the teacher-student relationship and the aims and methods associated with the teaching process based on a systematic examination of the figures of Socrates and the Sophists: specifically, it is shown how certain stereotypes, representations, interrogatives and aporias related to the teaching function originated in Classical Greece and became well-established throughout the history of Western culture. The text contains in-depth analysis of philosophical, literary, historical, theatrical and artistic sources. This volume offers an analysis, in a historical perspective, of the role and professional profile of teachers, the teacher-student relationship and the aims and methods associated with the teaching process based on a systematic examination of the figures of Socrates and the Sophists: specifically, it is shown how certain stereotypes, representations, interrogatives and aporias related to the teaching function originated in Classical Greece and became well-established throughout the history of Western culture. The text contains in-depth analysis of philosophical, literary, historical, theatrical and artistic sources.