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In order to generate information that lead to an efficient and diversifícate use of the natural resources that the Sonoran Desert offers, as it is the great variety of Leguminosae or Fabaceae plants, oils from seeds or Prosopis chilensis, Prosopis velutina (mezquite), Cercidium floridium (palo azul), Cercidium praecox (palo de brea), Acacia constricta (vinorama), Acacia cymbyspina (chirahui), Acacia occidentalis (tesota), Acacia mcmurphy (tepehuaje), Desmanthus palmeri (mezquitillo), Caesalpinia caladenia (palo dorado), and Caesalpinia pumila (palo piojo) were analyzed. The oils were extracted from each seed with hexane, and their physicochemical characteristics were evaluated. The oil content varied from 9 to 16% in the different seeds. Their indexes of acidity, peroxides and free fatty acid content were low and within the accepted values. Fatty acids separated by gas chromatography predominating indicate the oleic and linoleic. All analyzed crude oils were of good quality, comparable to commercial and oils of wild legume seeds from the same region.A fin de generar información que conduzca a un uso eficiente y diversificado de los recursos naturales que ofrece el Desierto Sonorense, como es la gran variedad de plantas de la familia Leguminosae ó Fabaceae, se analizaron los aceites de las semillas: Prosopis chilensis, Prosopis velutina (mezquite), (palo azul), Cercidium praecox (palo de brea), Acacia constricta (vinorama), Acacia cymbyspina (chirahui), Acacia occidentalis (tésota), Acacia mcmurphy (tepeguaje), Desmanthus palmeri (mezquitillo), Caesalpinia caladenia (palo dorado), y Caesalpinia pumila (palo piojo). Los aceites de cada semilla fueron extraídos con hexano, se evaluaron las características fisico-químicas de calidad y la cuantificación de ácidos grasos por cromatografía de gases. El contenido de los aceites en las diferentes semillas varió del 9 al 16%. Todos los aceites mostraron un alto grado de insaturación con índices de iodo de 94 a 122 Kl/g. Los índices de acidez, peróxidos y ácidos grasos libres fueron bajos. Los ácidos grasos predominantes fueron el oleico y linoleico. Todos los aceites crudos resultaron de buena calidad y comparables a los aceites convencionales como el de soya, maíz, girasol, colza y uña de gato. Así mismo, su calidad fue comparable a la de otros aceites de leguminosas de la misma región.

The Sonoran desert has a great variety of nutritional native plants, mainly from the leguminous family. Although in ancient times their products were used as food by native Americans, there is little information about their potential as a food source. For this reason, oils from the following seeds were studied: Acacia famesiana (huizache), Mimosa grahamii (gatuña), Cercidium microphyilium (palo verde 1), Cercidium sonorae (brea), Parkinsonia aculeata (palo verde 2), Olneya Tesota (palo fierro) and Prosopis juliflora (mezquite). Oils were extracted from the seeds with hexane, and contents ranged from 8.5 to 23.5 %. The physicochemical studies showed mostly unsaturated oils, as demonstrated by the iodine index, (101-147 units). Indexes of acidity, peroxides and free fatty acids were low and within the accepted values. Fatty acids were separated and quantified by gas chromatography. Linoleic and oleic acids were found to predominate. All extracted crude oils were of good quality, comparable to those from soybean, com, sunflower and carthamus.El desierto de Sonora cuenta con una gran variedad de plantas silvestres principalmente de la familia leguminosae de las cuales se tiene poca información acerca de su potencial como fuente nutricional. Por lo que se estudiaron los aceites de las semillas: Acacia famesiana (huizache), Mimosa grahamii (gatuña), Cercidium microphyilium (palo verde 1), Cercidium sonorae (brea), Parkinsonia aculeata (palo verde 2), Olneya Tesota (palo fierro) y Prosopis juliflora (mezquite). Los aceites de cada semilla se extrajeron con hexano, obteniéndose de 8.5 a 23.5 %. Estos mostraron un alto grado de insaturación reflejado en los índices de lodo, de 101 a 147. Los índices de acidez, peróxidos y ácidos grasos libres fueron bajos y dentro de los valores aceptables. Al cuantificar los ácidos grasos por cromatografía de gases, predominaron los ácidos linoleico y oleico. De acuerdo a los parámetros analizados todos los aceites crudos resultaron de buena calidad, comparable a la de los aceites de soja, maíz, girasol y cártamo.

The seed of Proboscidea parviflora (cat´s claw) has shown a great nutritional potential due to the good nutritional quality presented by its flour. In order to integrate the study of the seeds and to know a use for the oil, it was considered of interest to valuate biologically the crude oil and to sensory evaluate the patatoes fried in oil P. parviflora refined. Seeds of Proboscidea parviflora have shown a great potential due to the good nutritional quality of its flour. As part of the integral study, here is presented a crude oil biological evaluation and a sensorial evaluation of potatoes fried in refined P. parviflora oil. Diets were prepared adding 8, 11 and 16 % of crude oil and PER, NPR and the apparent digestibilty were determinated. PER values for each percentage were 2.7, 3.1 and 3 % respectively. While digestibilities were of 97, 98 and 97 % for each level of oil addition (there was not significative difference of P Proboscidea parviflora presented good digestibility and high PER values comparable to the corn oil.

This article, explains the necessary steps to obtained a quartz-low quantitative analysis in an anhydrous Portland cement matrix, by means of a simple addition of a little quantity of Corydon to the sample and applying a simple mathematical formula which gives directly the crystalline compound percentage which determination is required. With this method the labour of preparation samples with internal standard, necessary to obtain a straight line, is eliminated. The need of having a pure sample of the compound which is to be analyzed is also excluded. The method is simple and rapid, offering an acceptable precision in the quantitative crystalline compounds determination., En el presente artículo se explican los pasos necesarios para realizar un análisis cuantitativo de cuarzo-alfa en una matriz de cemento portland anhidro, mediante la simple adición de una pequeña cantidad de CORINDÓN a la muestra y la aplicación de una sencilla fórmula matemática (1) que directamente proporciona el porcentaje del compuesto cristalino que se quiere determinar. Con este método se elimina la laboriosa preparación de muestras con patrón interno, necesarias para obtener una curva de calibrado. Además se elimina la necesidad de poseer muestra pura del componente que se quiere analizar. El método es sencillo y rápido, dando una precisión aceptable en las determinaciones cuantitativas de compuestos cristalinos.

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