Search

Objective. To evaluate the influence of the central corneal thickness on the characteristics of the ophthalmic tone in the children presenting with congenital microphthalmia of different severity and to describe its clinical significance for diagnostics of glaucoma and prescription of hypotensive therapy. Materials and methods. A total of 40 children (80 eyes) at the age from 5 to 17 years presenting with congenital microphthalmia of different severity were available for the examination. The children remained under the examination during 10 and more years. They were divided into three groups in terms of severity of microphthalmia. Thirteen children were admitted with the diagnosis of “glaucoma”. The comprehensive ophthalmological examination was supplemented by the measurement of the central corneal thickness. Results. The analysis of the results of the examination gave evidence of the increased central corneal thickness in all the patients with grade 1 - III microphthalmia included in the study. The measurement of the central corneal thickness is important for the establishment of the diagnosis of “glaucoma” because it exerts the direct influence on the characteristics of the ophthalmic tone in the children presenting with congenital microphthalmia. Conclusion. The present study has demonstrated the fairly well apparent relationship between the central corneal thickness, the severity of microphthalmia and intraocular pressure (IOP) in the children presenting with congenital microphthalmia. The higher the severity of microphthalmia the greater the central corneal thickness and the intraocular pressure.

This article was designed to report a clinical case of a rare syndromic disease - Pallister-Killians’s syndrome characterized by the signs of mental deficiency, abnormal features of cranial bones , congenitally reduced arterial pressure, multiple abnormalities of the facial features (including the eyes and the mouth cavity), ears, skeleton, the cardiovascular system, nervous system, and other systems of the body. The syndrome was described for the first time in 1977 by Philip Pallister and thereafter investigated in more detail by Maria Teschler-Nicola and Wolfgang Killian in 1981. In our case, the somatic status of a 3 month-old child presenting with this pathological condition was characterized by a large variety of congenital defects of the nervous system, including corpus collosum hypoxia, ischemic lesions of the brain tissue, bilateral subependymal pseudocysts, lenticulostriate agniopathies, and congenital heart failure. The pathological changes of the visual analyzer manifested themselves as unilateral grade 3 microphthalmos, sclerocornea, optic nerve disk coloboma, narrowing of the palpebral fissure, considerable decrease of the size of the conjunctival cavity in the absence of the appreciable alterations in the eye ball. Rehabilitation of the affected child with congenital microphthalmos included gradual ocular prosthetics and the treatment by the specialists of other medical professions.