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This is a content analysis of 31 randomly-selected children's television cartoons in Hong Kong, where all such programs are imported from foreign countries. No such programs are produced in Hong Kong. The study analyzes personality and appearance attributes of 277 cartoon characters. As expected, male characters outnumbered female characters by a ratio of 2:1; however, contrary to expectations, female characters enjoyed far greater representation in cartoons produced in Japan than they did in cartoons produced in the U.S. and Great Britain. On other measures, characters tended to conform to hypothesized gender-related stereotypes, with males being more aggressive, rough, sloppy, and strong, and females being more beautiful and feminine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Because of the possible impact of stamps on children as well as adults, we investigated the gender relevant content of U.S. postage stamps of the twentieth century. Males clearly outnumbered females in stamp representations, and the roles portrayed for both men and women were significantly more often traditional than nontraditional. The majority of people-oriented stamps fell into the politics/military category. White males still outnumbered females even in 1990–91 stamps, the number of females portrayed has increased during recent years. Nontraditional, compared to traditional, representations on stamps has also slightly increased over the years for men; no comparable increase was found for women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]