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In this paper, we give a detailed proof to a result of Gabber (unpublished) on the lifting problem of quasi-excellent rings, extending the previous work on Nishimura-Nishimura. As a corollary, we establish that an ideal-adic completion of an excellent (resp. quasi-excellent) ring is excellent (resp. quasi-excellent)., The final version, accepted by Kyoto J. Math

We provide combinatorial formulas for the multidegree and K-polynomial of an arbitrarily oriented type A quiver locus. These formulas are generalizations of three of Knutson-Miller-Shimozono's formulas from the equioriented setting; in particular, we prove the K-theoretic component formula conjectured by Buch and Rim\'anyi., Comment: v3: significant improvements throughout the article, final version accepted for publication

We establish a general "affine representability" result in ${\mathbb A}^1$-homotopy theory over a general base. We apply this result to obtain representability results for vector bundles in ${\mathbb A}^1$-homotopy theory. Our results simplify and significantly generalize F. Morel's ${\mathbb A}^1$-representability theorem for vector bundles., Comment: 23 pages; Further minor changes; Accepted for publication in Duke Math. J

A $\Bbbk$-configuration is a set of points $\mathbb{X}$ in $\mathbb{P}^2$ that satisfies a number of geometric conditions. Associated to a $\Bbbk$-configuration is a sequence $(d_1,\ldots,d_s)$ of positive integers, called its type, which encodes many of its homological invariants. We distinguish $\Bbbk$-configurations by counting the number of lines that contain $d_s$ points of $\mathbb{X}$. In particular, we show that for all integers $m \gg 0$, the number of such lines is precisely the value of $\Delta \mathbf{H}_{m\mathbb{X}}(m d_s -1)$. Here, $\Delta \mathbf{H}_{m\mathbb{X}}(-)$ is the first difference of the Hilbert function of the fat points of multiplicity $m$ supported on $\mathbb{X}$., Comment: Revised version of paper; most changes minor except the proof of Lemma 4.1 which has been rewritten; to appear in Illinois Journal of Mathematics

Let k be a field. A "field generator" is a polynomial F in k[X,Y] satisfying k(F,G) = k(X,Y) for some G in k(X,Y). If G can be chosen in k[X,Y], we call F a "good field generator"; otherwise, F is a "bad field generator". These notions were first studied by Abhyankar, Jan and Russell in the 1970s. The present paper introduces and studies the notions of "very good" and "very bad" field generators. We give theoretical results as well as new examples of bad and very bad field generators., Comment: 27 pages

Given a local ring containing a field, we define and investigate a family of invariants that includes the Lyubeznik numbers, but that captures finer information. These "generalized Lyubeznik numbers" are defined as lengths of certain iterated local cohomology modules in a category of D-modules, and in order to define them, we develop the theory of a functor Lyubeznik utilized in proving that his original invariants are well defined. In particular, this functor gives an equivalence of categories with a category of D-modules. These new invariants are indicators of F-regularity and F-rationality in characteristic p>0, and have close connections with characteristic cycle multiplicities in characteristic zero. We compute the generalized Lyubeznik numbers associated to monomial ideals using interpretations as lengths in a category of straight modules, as well as provide examples of these invariants associated to certain determinantal ideals., 25 pages; comments welcome

We describe the pushforward of a matrix factorisation along a ring morphism in terms of an idempotent defined using relative Atiyah classes, and use this construction to study the convolution of kernels defining integral functors between categories of matrix factorisations. We give an elementary proof of a formula for the Chern character of the convolution generalising the Hirzebruch-Riemann-Roch formula of Polishchuk and Vaintrob., 43 pages, comments welcome

We study the category of matrix factorizations for an isolated hypersurface singularity. We compute the canonical bilinear form on the Hochschild homology of this category. We find explicit expressions for the Chern character and the boundary-bulk maps and derive an analog of the Hirzebruch-Riemann-Roch formula for the Euler characteristic of the Hom-space between a pair of matrix factorizations. We also establish G-equivariant versions of these results., v1: 45 pages, v2: added the generalized HRR theorem (Cardy condition) and new examples with the boundary-bulk maps, v3: 54 pages, to appear in Duke Math. J

We study the category of matrix factorizations associated to the germ of an isolated hypersurface singularity. This category is shown to admit a compact generator which is given by the stabilization of the residue field. We deduce a quasi-equivalence between the category of matrix factorizations and the dg derived category of an explicitly computable dg algebra. Building on this result, we employ a variant of Toen's derived Morita theory to identify continuous functors between matrix factorization categories as integral transforms. This enables us to calculate the Hochschild chain and cochain complexes of these categories. Finally, we give interpretations of the results of this work in terms of noncommutative geometry based on dg categories., Comment: 43 pages, revised version after referee report: corrected a mistake in the proof of Theorem 4.7, slightly stronger assumptions are needed to make the Morita theory work (see new Section 3), added discussion of Knoerrer periodicity (5.3), general reorganization; to appear in Duke Mathematical Journal

The $F$-threshold $c^J(\a)$ of an ideal $\a$ with respect to an ideal $J$ is a positive characteristic invariant obtained by comparing the powers of $\a$ with the Frobenius powers of $J$. We study a conjecture formulated in an earlier paper \cite{HMTW} by the same authors together with M. Musta\c{t}\u{a}, which bounds $c^J(\a)$ in terms of the multiplicities $e(\a)$ and $e(J)$, when $\a$ and $J$ are zero-dimensional ideals and $J$ is generated by a system of parameters. We prove the conjecture when $\a$ and $J$ are generated by homogeneous systems of parameters in a Noetherian graded $k$-algebra. We also prove a similar inequality involving, instead of the $F$-threshold, the jumping number for the generalized parameter test submodules introduced in \cite{ST}., Comment: 19 pages; v.2: a new section added, treating a comparison of F-thresholds and F-jumping numbers

In this paper we study the asymptotic behavior of the regularity of symbolic powers of ideals of points in a weighted projective plane. By a result of Cutkosky, Ein and Lazarsfeld, regularity of such powers behaves asymptotically like a linear function. We study the difference between regularity of such powers and this linear function. Under some conditions, we prove that this difference is bounded, or eventually periodic. As a corollary we show that, if there exists a negative curve, then the regularity of symbolic powers of a monomial space curve is eventually a periodic linear function. We give a criterion for the validity of Nagata's conjecture in terms of the lack of existence of negative curves., 16 pages

We study quotients of the Weyl algebra by left ideals whose generators consist of an arbitrary Z^d-graded binomial ideal I along with Euler operators defined by the grading and a parameter in C^d. We determine the parameters for which these D-modules (i) are holonomic (equivalently, regular holonomic, when I is standard-graded); (ii) decompose as direct sums indexed by the primary components of I; and (iii) have holonomic rank greater than the generic rank. In each of these three cases, the parameters in question are precisely those outside of a certain explicitly described affine subspace arrangement in C^d. In the special case of Horn hypergeometric D-modules, when I is a lattice basis ideal, we furthermore compute the generic holonomic rank combinatorially and write down a basis of solutions in terms of associated A-hypergeometric functions. This study relies fundamentally on the explicit lattice point description of the primary components of an arbitrary binomial ideal in characteristic zero, which we derive in our companion article arxiv:0803.3846., Comment: This version is shorter than v2. The material on binomial primary decomposition has been split off and now appears in its own paper arxiv:0803.3846

For each variety in positive characteristic, there is a series of canonically defined blowups, called F-blowups. We are interested in the question of whether the $e+1$-th blowup dominates the $e$-th, locally or globally. It is shown that the answer is affirmative (globally for any $e$) when the given variety is F-pure. As a corollary, we obtain some result on the stability of the sequence of F-blowups. We also give a sufficient condition for local domination., 10 pages, v.2: major revision. the title modified. the proof of the main result simplified. a key argument in v.1 is now stated as Theorem 1.3. the toric case is now explained with more details (Section 5), v.3: to appear in Illinois J. Math., arguments in the toric case improved, It is proved that the F-blowup does not preserve the F-purity

We define the notion of universal lift of a projective complex based on non-commutative parameter algebras, and prove its existence and uniqueness. We investigate the properties of parameter algebras for universal lifts., Comment: 56 pages

A reduced divisor on a nonsingular variety defines the sheaf of logarithmic 1-forms. We introduce a certain coherent sheaf whose double dual coincides with this sheaf. It has some nice properties, for example, the residue exact sequence still holds even when the divisor is singular, and also it has a simple locally free resolution. We specialize to the case when the divisor is an arrangement of hyperplanes in projective space, and relate the properties of stability of the sheaf with the combinatorics of the arrangement. We also extend a Torelli type theorem to non generic arrangements which allows one to reconstruct an arrangement from the sheaf attached to it., Comment: 28 pages

Let $m_{12}$, $m_{13}$, ..., $m_{n-1,n}$ be the slopes of the $\binom{n}{2}$ lines connecting $n$ points in general position in the plane. The ideal $I_n$ of all algebraic relations among the $m_{ij}$ defines a configuration space called the {\em slope variety of the complete graph}. We prove that $I_n$ is reduced and Cohen-Macaulay, give an explicit Gr\"obner basis for it, and compute its Hilbert series combinatorially. We proceed chiefly by studying the associated Stanley-Reisner simplicial complex, which has an intricate recursive structure. In addition, we are able to answer many questions about the geometry of the slope variety by translating them into purely combinatorial problems concerning enumeration of trees., Comment: 36 pages; final published version

We study in this paper some local invariants attached via multiplier ideals to an effective divisor or ideal sheaf on a smooth complex variety. First considered (at least implicitly) by Libgober and by Loeser and Vaquie, these jumping coefficients consist of an increasing sequence of rational numbers beginning with the log canonical threshold of the divisor or ideal in question. They encode interesting geometric and algebraic information, and we show that they arise naturally in several different contexts. Given a polynomial f having only isolated singularities, results of Varchenko, Loeser and Vaquie imply that if \xi is a jumping number of f = 0 lying in the interval (0, 1], then -\xi is a root of the Bernstein-Sato polynomial of f. We adapt an argument of Kollar to show prove that this holds also when the singular locus of f has positive dimension. In a more algebraic direction, we show that the number of such jumping coefficients bounds the uniform Artin-Rees number of the principal ideal (f) in the sense of Huneke: in the case of isolated singularities, this in turn leads to bounds involving the Milnor and Tyurina numbers of f . Along the way, we establish a general result relating multiplier to Jacobian ideals. We also explore the extension of these ideas to the setting of graded families of ideals. The paper contains many concrete examples., Comment: Dedicated to Y.-T. Siu on the occasion of his sixtieth birthday

We develop a theory of G-dimension for modules over local homomorphisms which encompasses the classical theory of G-dimension for finite modules over local rings. As an application, we prove that a local ring R of characteristic p is Gorenstein if and only if it possesses a nonzero finite module of finite projective dimension that has finite G-dimension when considered as an R-module via some power of the Frobenius endomorphism of R. We also prove results that track the behavior of Gorenstein properties of local homomorphisms under (de)composition., 31 pages, uses Xy-pic

This paper contains a new proof of the classification of elements of prime order in the Cremona group Bir(P^2), up to conjugation. In addition, we give explicit geometric constructions of these Cremona transformations, and provide a parameterization of their conjugacy classes. Analogous constructions in higher dimensions are also discussed., Comment: 21 pages; AMS-LaTeX; v2: proofs of Proposition 4.3.2 (now 4.3.1) and Lemma 4.4.1 semplified, and few other minor changes, following referee's comments; one reference added

If r\geq 6, r\neq 9, we show that the Minimal Resolution Conjecture fails for a general set of m points in P^r for almost 1/2\sqrt r values of m. This strengthens the result of Eisenbud and Popescu [1999], who found a unique such m for each r in the given range. Our proof begins like a variation of that of Eisenbud and Popescu, but uses exterior algebra methods as explained by Eisenbud and Schreyer [2000] to avoid the degeneration arguments that were the most difficult part of the Eisenbud-Popescu proof. Analogous techniques show that the Minimal Resolution Conjecture fails for linearly normal curves of degree d and genus g when d\geq 3g-2, g\geq 4, reproving results of Schreyer, Green, and Lazarsfeld., Comment: 15 pages, Plain TeX, uses diagrams.tex

We introduce a precise notion, in terms of few Schlessinger's type conditions, of extended deformation functors which is compatible with most of recent ideas in the Derived Deformation Theory (DDT) program and with geometric examples. With this notion we develop the (extended) analogue of Schlessinger and obstruction theories. The inverse mapping theorem holds for natural transformations of extended deformation functors and all such functors with finite dimensional tangent space are prorepresentable in the homotopy category., Comment: Contains the previously announced part II

We present sharp estimates for the degree and the height of the polynomials in the Nullstellensatz over $\Z$. The result improves previous work of Philippon, Berenstein-Yger and Krick-Pardo. We also present degree and height estimates of intrinsic type, which depend mainly on the degree and the height of the input polynomial system. As an application, we derive an effective arithmetic Nullstellensatz for sparse polynomial systems. The proof of these results relies heavily on the notion of local height of an affine variety defined over a number field. We introduce this notion and study its basic properties., Comment: 55 pages, LaTeX2e