Search

Cara Lynn Kim,1 Ligia Maria Cruz Espinoza,1 Kirsten S Vannice,2 Birkneh Tilahun Tadesse,1,3,4 Ellis Owusu-Dabo,5 Raphaël Rakotozandrindrainy,6 Ilesh V Jani,7 Mekonnen Teferi,8 Abdramane Bassiahi Soura,9 Octavie Lunguya,10,11 A Duncan Steele,2 Florian Marks1,6,12,13 1International Vaccine Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea; 2Enteric and Diarrheal Diseases, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA, USA; 3Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden; 4Center for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Trials for Africa, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; 5School of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; 6University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar; 7Instituto Nacional de Saúde (INS), Maputo Province, Mozambique; 8Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; 9Institut Supérieur des Sciences de la Population, Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo de Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso; 10Department of Microbiology, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo; 11Department of Medical Biology, University Teaching Hospital of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo; 12Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK; 13Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, GermanyCorrespondence: Florian Marks, Tel +82-2-881-1133, Email fmarks@ivi.intAbstract: While typhoid fever has largely been eliminated in high-income regions which have developed modern water, sanitation, and hygiene facilities, it remains a significant public health burden resulting in morbidity and mortality among millions of individuals in resource-constrained settings. Prevention and control