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Tatjana S Potpara,1,2 Marija M Polovina,2 Nebojsa M Mujovic,1,2 Aleksandar M Kocijancic,2 Gregory YH Lip3 1Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 2Cardiology Clinic, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia; 3University of Birmingham Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, Birmingham, UK Background: Many atrial fibrillation (AF) patients have a poor understanding of the management of this condition. We investigated patient attitudes towards AF and a potential invasive treatment following an average 10-year period of prospective rhythm control in a cohort of newly diagnosed AF patients. Methods: This was a prospective registry-based study. At the regular annual visit in 2007, patients were asked at random to answer several AF-related questions. Results: Of 390 patients, 277 (71.0%) reported symptom reduction over time, but only 45 (11.5%) reported that they had "got used" to AF; 201 patients (51.5%) stated they would always prefer sinus rhythm, and 280 (71.2%) would accept an invasive AF treatment. Independent predictors for choosing an invasive procedure were younger age, impaired career/working capacity, and male gender (all P < 0.05). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that most AF patients prefer sinus rhythm and would readily accept an invasive procedure if it offered the possibility of a cure for their AF. Keywords: atrial fibrillation, catheter ablation, treatment, symptoms, patient preferences