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Parent education can help parents gain experiences of being competent parents and help people who want to be parents get ready to be good parents. The idea of parent education has been advocated in countries (areas) all over the world, especially in western society since 1930s. Parent education has obtained general concern and prosperous development in different levels of planning, research, legislation, practice and implementation. In last hundred years, surrounding “how to be good parents”, the study of parent education develops correspondingly accompanying with and leading practice to obtain rich achievements. In China mainland, “parent education” marked with the establishment of parent school was originated at the beginning of 1980s. At present, the coverage of family education services and guidance institutes in all levels expands gradually. Similar with foreign research, domestic research on parent education also develops successively with practice. All of these studies promote parent education develop from sensitization and socialization to professionalization, institutionalization and systematization, and from simple “skill training” to “all-round development”, and from “remedial and corrective” training to “preventive and developing” training. In the future, theoretical research and corresponding practice exploration of parent education should be launched as early as possible for future parents, “potential parents”. By understanding and grasping basic knowledge and skills of “pregnancy, birth, feeding, education and teaching”, these youth can give better education for their children and establish better family with good physical properties, ideas (especially values) and connotations in the future.

Institution is an important factor restricting university development. Since the previous and current theoretical and practical circles mainly discuss university institutions in the perspective of university institutions and do not have an in-depth understanding on or pay enough attention to the relationship between institutions and university development, this article advocates carrying out “university institution research linked to and oriented to development” to deeply investigate the relationship between university institutions and university development, the mechanism of influences of university institutions on university development, the mechanism of transition of university institutions along with university development and the mechanism of innovation for university development and build ideal institutions appropriate for the development of Chinese universities of different types and design institution innovation plans tending to ideal institutions. Institution is the source of economic growth, and it is important for economic development and enterprise development. Likewise, institution is important for education development and school development. Institution is a method, means or tool for guaranteeing and promoting social development. Since the previous and current theoretical and practical circles mainly discuss university institutions in the perspective of university institutions and do not have an in-depth understanding on or pay enough attention to the relationship between institutions and university development, this article advocates regarding the institution theory as “a perspective, a method and a research paradigm”[1], interpreting university development from the perspective of institutions, deeply exploring the relationship between university institutions and university development, the mechanism of influences of university institutions on university development, the mechanism of transition of university institutions along with university development and the mechanism of innovation for university development so as to expand the modern university institution researches and enrich university development theories and higher education management theories and build ideal institutions appropriate for the development of Chinese universities of different types, and with that as reference, explore the current “institution gap” of development of various universities in China and raise institution innovation plans with strong operability to consequently ensure and promote the scientific development of various universities in China, as well as the construction of a strong higher education country.

Facing the target of comprehensive higher education quality guarantee system, it is essential to establish a new mode that the macro-quality control by government, quality regulation by society and quality management by universities organically coordinate with each other and run smoothly. Because the quality of higher education is finally formed in the process of education activities, it is the premise of and key to the assurance of higher education quality that universities establish their own quality assurance system. Therefore, they shall actively assume the significant responsibility in higher education quality assurance, and shall, as the entity of running school, give full play to their initiative, specify the mission and target, strengthen specialty construction, carry out teaching research and development and establish, perfecting the internal education quality assurance system that universities, society and market form a virtuous circle. As to teacher dimension, it is essential to try every means to arouse the education and teaching enthusiasm of teachers. As to student dimension, it is essential to stress student-orientated, introduce the students’ perspective and highlight students’ experience and feeling. As to management dimension, it is essential to mainly play the role of system guarantee and condition guarantee.

Under the two-level administration system, the appraisal and comparison of colleges’ performance is supposed to be an important way for universities to strengthen macro-control and colleges to consolidate self–management. The subjects, perspectives, scope, ways, means and techniques are the key considerations when appraising the college’s performance, and each of them also has many dimensions which decide the multi–paths of colleges’ performance appraisal and comparison.

It is essential to establish a multi-element quality assurance entity consisting of government, society and school. As the entity of running school, universities shall arouse the education and teaching enthusiasm of teachers, stress student-orientated and highlight students’ experience and feeling, plays the management staff’s role of system guarantee and condition guarantee. Government shall change the management function, reduce the authorization and approval matters for universities’ running of school, mainly play the roles of “navigator”, “controller” and “patron”, start the building of national higher education quality assurance data information platform, legally ensure the financial investment in higher education. Society shall fully play roles of “supplier”, “direction instrument” and “supervisor”, build accountability system and relatively independent intermediary organizations of education assessment, utilize public opinions to urge and promote universities to put the problems reflected by public opinions on the agenda and solve them. This paper can not only provides basic information for other theoretical research, and provides theoretical guidance for practical exploration, but also provides basic information for the international comparative study of the quality assurance of higher education. With the establishment and improvement of socialist market economy system and the deepening of higher education management system reform, the mode that the higher education quality was fully guaranteed by government in the past has not met the need of new situation. Accordingly, “it is essential to establish a multi-element quality assurance entity consisting of government, society and school”[1] and “establish a new mode that the macro-quality control by government, quality regulation by society and quality management by universities organically coordinate with each other and run smoothly.”[2]

College culture is university subculture, and a unique organization culture form is created, discovered and developed from long-term teaching management practice, generally accepted, recognized and followed by teachers and students of college/school/department. To better build up college culture not only can enrich the cultural connotation of the university, carry forward the university spirit, and maintain university tradition, but also plays an important role in constructing college core values, enhancing college’s soft power, optimizing college educational environment, highlighting college characteristics, cultivating college teamwork spirit, shaping college external image, building a harmonious collective life. From three aspects of content, principle, approaches, college cultural construction in universities and in vocational colleges is respectively analyzed.