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Copyright of Bibliotheksdienst is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

As a provoking passage in Dostoyevsky's The Brothers Karamazov shows, the (perfidious) killing of children represents a distressing topic in the context of the aesthetics of evil. Its abhorrent character cannot be dissolved through literary stylization. In Gustave Flaubertʼs novel Salammbô (1862) the Carthaginian infant sacrifice to Moloch, together with Hamilcar's deception concerning his own son, marks an aesthetically suggestive extreme point in a nihilistic sequence of images of cruelty. In comparison to that, the motif of ritual perversion seems even to be intensified in the representation of the late medieval Satanist and child killer Gilles de Rais in J.-K. Huysmansʼ Là-Bas (1891), a novel which impressed, for example, Luis Buñuel who planned a film version. But Gilles de Rais, whom Durtal, Huysman's hero and alter ego, describes as a 'virtuose en douleurs et en meurtres', turns into a penitent imploring salvation. Thus Huysmans tries to overcome a closed aestheticism by his recourse to (medieval) Christian spirituality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bibliothek Forschung und Praxis is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Bloody sacrifice is perhaps the most disconcerting expression of that sacred violence that attracted twentieth-century ethnographers, historians of religion, and writers. Fictional and non-fictional descriptions of contact with the blood of sacrificial animals range from the aestheticism of Henry de Montherlant's Bestiaires to Michel Leiris' and Hubert Fichte's ethnological encounters with African and Afro-American religion. The reactions of these authors oscillate between fascination and desire of participation on the one hand, and delusion, uneasiness, or pure disgust on the other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bibliotheksdienst is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of ABI Technik is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bibliotheksdienst is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bibliotheksdienst is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The synchrotron technique of micro X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy at the sulfur K-edge (S-XANES) provides a unique opportunity to measure the proportion of different oxidation states of sulfur (S) in silicate glasses. Although applied extensively in the analysis of basaltic silicate glasses, few S-XANES studies have investigated variations in S oxidation states with fO2 in felsic silicate glasses. In addition, no study has systematically compared the S-XANES results obtained from the same samples at different photon flux densities to quantify the relationship between exposure time and changes in S speciation in silicate glass, as has been done for Fe and V. This study evaluates observed differences in S speciation measured in experimentally produced H2O-saturated dacitic glasses over a range of reducing to oxidizing conditions (from log fO2 = ΔFMQ-0.7 to ΔFMQ+3.3; FMQ is the fayalite-magnetite-quartz mineral redox buffer) and equilibrated at 1000 °C and 300 MPa. S-XANES spectra were collected at three different photon flux densities using three microspectroscopy beamlines. As is observed in S-XANES analyses of basaltic silicate glasses, beam-induced changes to the S6+/ΣS are observed as a function of photon flux density and beam exposure time. Our results demonstrate that silicate glasses of dacitic composition undergo beam-induced photo-reduction in samples equilibrated at ΔFMQ > +1.75 and photo-oxidation if equilibrated at ΔFMQ < +1. The time required to observe beam-induced changes in the spectra varies as a function of flux density, and our study establishes an upper photon density limit at ~1.0 × 1012 photons/μm2. The S6+/ΣS calculated from spectra collected below this absorbed photon limit at intermediate flux densities (~1–4 × 109 photons/s per μm2) are affected by beam damage, as no conditions were found to be completely free of beam-induced changes. However, the S6+/ΣS ratios calculated below the limit at intermediate flux densities are consistent with thermodynamic constraints, demonstrating that S6+/ΣS ratios calculated from S-XANES spectra can be considered reliable for estimating the oxygen fugacity. Our results carry important implications for the S budget of felsic magmas and dissolution mechanisms in evolved melts. While our results from all three flux densities show the presence of S4+ dissolved in relatively oxidized (ΔFMQ > +1.75) dacitic glass, even in the spectra exposed to the lowest photon densities, we are unable to rule out the possibility that the S4+ signal is the result of instantaneous X-ray irradiation induced beam damage using S-XANES alone. When our spectra are compared to S-XANES spectra from basaltic silicate glasses, important differences exist in the solubility of S2− and S6+ between dacitic silicate melts, pointing to differences in solubility mechanisms as melt composition changes. This study highlights the need for further investigation into beam damage systematics, presence of S4+, and the solubility mechanisms of different oxidation states of S as silicate melt composition changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bibliotheksdienst is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bibliotheksdienst is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In order to integrate the (in part) highly industrialized Austrian and Bohemian economies into the German autarky and war economy it was very important for the German government to take control of all relevant Austrian and Bohemian industrial concerns, that is, big industry in these countries had tobe "Aryanized" and/or "Germanized". At the time of invasion, many of the major Austrian and Bohemian companies were under the control of Austrian and Czechoslovakian banks respectively. Therefore, the realignment of the finance industry of the occupied territories became a precondition for the intended takeover of these industrial concerns. Simultaneously, it offered the German great banks excellent prospects for expansion. On the other hand, the deep economic crisis of the early 1930s had not yet been overcome in both countries and the German great banks faced substantial risks when they took over the more important native banks. Therefore, the strategies by which the great banks penetrated the Austrian and Bohemian markets differed substantially. This article explains the logic behind the respective strategies of Deutsche Bank, Dresdner Bank and Commerzbank as well as the intensions of the German authorities and assesses the relative success of the respective strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bibliotheksdienst is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bibliotheksdienst is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

An extensive review of slurry bubble column reactor and fixed bed reactor steady state models for Fischer–Tropsch synthesis is presented in this work. Material, energy and momentum balance equations are presented here along with the relevant findings of each study for modelling purposes. For fixed bed reactor models, one-dimensional and two-dimensional models can be differentiated, with the latter being better at predicting hot spots and thermal runaways, although the computational effort required solving them is also higher. Fixed bed reactors can also be classified as pseudo-homogeneous or heterogeneous models, the former considering that all phases are in thermal and chemical equilibrium, and the latter having different profiles for the catalyst particles, generally including a pellet model. For slurry bubble column reactors, single-class and double-class bubble models can be differentiated. The double-class bubble models represent better churn-turbulent regimes at the expense of a higher computational effort. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bibliotheksdienst is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Lexicographica is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Lexicographica is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Die Bedeutung des Begriffs Labor hat sich in den letzten Jahren über den engen naturwissenschaftlichen Kontext hinaus erweitert. Als Metapher findet er auch in Bezug auf Bibliotheken Anwendung. Der Artikel diskutiert die Idee, Bibliotheken als Labore der Wissenschaft zu verstehen und zeichnet nach, wie sie sich in dieser Rolle entwickelt haben. Dabei wird betont, dass die Bibliothek nicht als Ort betrachtet werden sollte, an dem die Wissenschaft etwas Erforschbares findet, sondern als ein aktiver Teil des Forschungsprozesses. Entsprechend werden die Veränderungen in der Bibliothek insbesondere im Kontext der Digitalisierung beleuchtet, die sie zu einem Labor der Wissenschaft gemacht haben. Die Bibliothek spielt eine zentrale Rolle bei der Sammlung, Aufbereitung und Bereitstellung von Daten und Dokumenten für wissenschaftliche Forschung und Analyse. Sie fungiert auch als Filter und stellt sicher, dass qualitativ hochwertige und vertrauenswürdige Informationen zugänglich sind. Die Bibliothek wird als ein Ort der Demokratie und Meinungsfreiheit hervorgehoben, da sie Informationen unvoreingenommen sammelt und bereitstellt. Darüber hinaus wird die Bibliothek als eine wichtige Schnittstelle zur Außenwelt betrachtet, die es ermöglicht, Daten und Dokumente standardisiert zu teilen und zu vernetzen. Schließlich wird die Bibliothek als Analyseplattform betrachtet, die Text- und Datamining ermöglicht, um neue Erkenntnisse aus umfangreichen Daten- und Dokumentsammlungen zu gewinnen. In recent years, the meaning of the term laboratory has had an extension beyond the narrow context of the natural sciences. As a metaphor it is also applied to libraries. The article discusses the idea of libraries as research laboratories and traces their development in this role. It emphasizes that the library should not be seen as a place where scholars find something to research, but as an active part of the research process. Accordingly, the changes in the library are highlighted, especially in the context of digitization, which has turned it into a laboratory. The library plays a central role in collecting, processing, and making available data and documents for scholarly research and analysis. It also acts as a filter, ensuring that high quality and trustworthy information is accessible. The library is highlighted as a place of democracy and freedom of expression, as it collects and provides information without bias. The library is also seen as an important interface with the outside world, enabling data and documents to be shared and networked in a standardized way. Finally, the library is seen as an analytical platform, enabling text and data mining to gain new insights from large collections of data and documents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bibliotheksdienst is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bibliotheksdienst is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Quellen und Forschungen aus Italienischen Archiven und Bibliotheken is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bibliotheksdienst is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bibliotheksdienst is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of ABI Technik is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bibliothek Forschung und Praxis is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Tutorials werden als ein wesentliches Element der Vermittlungsarbeit betrachtet. Sie haben zum Ziel, die Informationskompetenz der Nutzer*innen zu fördern und sie in die Lage zu versetzen, sich Inhalte anhand hochwertiger audiovisueller Quellen selbstständig anzueignen. Zu diesem Zweck unterstützt das Netzwerk „Tutorials in Bibliotheken" interessierte Personen und Institutionen dabei, auch mit begrenzten Ressourcen ansprechende Tutorials zu erstellen. Das Konzept der Offenheit kann als roter Faden gesehen werden, der sich durch die verschiedenen Ebenen zieht, die in diesem Artikel beleuchtet werden: die emanzipatorische Rolle von Tutorials an sich, die konkrete Arbeit im Netzwerk sowie organisatorische und technische Aspekte. Tutorials are considered as an essential element of teaching and learning. Their aim is to promote information literacy of users and to enable them to acquire content independently using high-quality audio-visual sources. To this end, the network "Tutorials in Libraries" supports interested individuals and institutions in creating appealing tutorials even with limited resources. The concept of openness can be seen as a common thread running through the different levels highlighted in this article: the emancipatory role of tutorials per se, the practical work in the network as well as organisational and technical aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article addresses the concept and practice of liaison librarianship newly introduced in 2019 at the University Library of Freie Universität Berlin. Chances and challenges of library-faculty collaboration of two liaison librarians assigned to work with the Department of Earth Sciences and the Seminar of East Asian Studies, respectively, are discussed. The contribution seeks to give a stimulus for liaison librarianship in academic libraries and to connect to the well-established discourse on liaison librarianship in the Anglophone academic library world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Glückliche Niederlande, du hast es besser! – Inspiration, Vorstellungskraft und Partizipation sind die Hauptmerkmale des Bibliothekswesens in den Niederlanden. Dort findet der bibliothekarische Geist eine Heimat in architektonischen Meisterwerken wie einer industriellen Lokomotivfabrik, einem alten Postgebäude oder gar einer Kathedrale. Was die Bibliotheken des Nachbarlandes ausmacht, was dort anders und was manches Mal besser läuft, wird im folgenden subjektiven Reisebericht erläutert. Oh, happy Netherlands, you get it right! – Inspiration, imagination and participation are the mainstays of the library sector in the Netherlands, where the library spirit has a home in magnificent architectural landmarks like an old industrial locomotive factory, an ancient post office building, and even a cathedral. Our subjective travelogue describes what makes the libraries in our neighbouring country so special, what is different and what works better across the border. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung fur Rechtsgeschichte: Germanistische Abteilung is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Oblique plane microscopy (OPM) directly captures object information in a plane tilted from the focal plane of the objective lens without the need for slow z-stack acquisition. This unconventional widefield imaging approach is made possible by using a remote focusing principle that eliminates optical aberrations for object points beyond the focal plane. Together with oblique lightsheet illumination, OPM can make conventional lightsheet imaging fully compatible with standard biological specimens prepared on microscope slides. OPM is not only an excellent high-speed volumetric imaging platform by sweeping oblique lightsheet illumination without mechanically moving either the sample or objective lens in sample space, but also provides a solution for direct oblique plane imaging along any orientation of interest on the sample in a single shot. Since its first demonstration in 2008, OPM has continued to evolve into an advanced microscope platform for biological, medical, and materials science applications. In recent years, many technological advances have been made in OPM with the goal of super-resolution, fast volumetric imaging, and a large imaging field of view, etc. This review gives an overview of OPM's working principle and imaging performance and introduces recent technical developments in OPM methods and applications. OPM has strong potential in a variety of research fields, including cellular and developmental biology, clinical diagnostics in histology and ophthalmology, flow cytometry, microfluidic devices, and soft materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of FinanzRundschau is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Die präsentierten Daten stammen aus einer Vollerhebung der Beiträge, welche in bibliothekarischen Zeitschriften des DACH-Raumes in den Jahren 2001, 2011 und 2021 erschienen. Mit ihnen werden Entwicklungen, aber auch Konstanten dieses Publikationswesens aufgezeigt, insbesondere ein Rückgang von lokalen oder auf spezialisierte Themen fokussierte Zeitschriften, die Zunahme von Diamond-Open-Access-Zeitschriften sowie der Anzahl von Autor*innen, aber auch die gleichbleibende Bedeutung von Verlagspublikationen oder die weitgehend ähnliche Zusammensetzung der Autor*innenschaft dieser Zeitschriften. The data presented here, are from a survey of articles published in library journals in the German-speaking countries in the years 2001, 2011, and 2021. They show developments but also constants of this publication system, in particular a decline of journals focused locally or on specialized topics, the increase of diamond open access journals as well as the number of authors, but also the constant importance of publisher publications or the similar composition of the authorship of these journals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt Zukunftsbilder Öffentlicher Bibliotheken in Deutschland im Jahr 2040 in Form von explorativen Szenarien vor. Diese werfen den Blick in mögliche Zukünfte. Szenarien dienen als Denkwerkzeuge, die helfen, in Alternativen zu denken. Sie sind aber weder Vorhersagen noch Prognosen, sondern bestehen aus plausiblen Annahmen und Trends, die kombiniert werden. Die Entwicklung der vier Szenarien folgt einem mehrstufigen methodischen Vorgehen, das auf einer qualitativen Erhebung von Trends unter den Leitungspersonen deutscher Bibliotheken basiert. Ziel der hier vorgestellten Szenarien ist es, zur Diskussion anzuregen und dazu einzuladen, die eigene Perspektive durch das Denken in Alternativen zu erweitern. This article presents future scenarios for public libraries in Germany in the year 2040 which look at possible futures. Scenarios serve as thinking tools that help to think in alternatives and think ahead. However, they are neither predictions nor forecasts, but consist of plausible assumptions and trends that are combined. The development of the four scenarios follows a multi-stage methodological procedure based on a qualitative survey of trends among the management staff of German libraries. The goal of the scenarios presented here is to stimulate discussion and invite people to broaden their own perspectives by thinking in terms of alternatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Der Beitrag setzt sich vor dem Hintergrund eigener Erfahrungen als Führungskraft mit den Herausforderungen auseinander, die im Umfeld wissenschaftlicher Bibliotheken bei der Etablierung von New-Work-Modellen erwartet werden. Es werden verschiedene Elemente von bibliothekarischer Arbeitskultur und bibliothekarischem Selbstverständnis aufgezeigt, die eine nachhaltige Implementierung von New Work nach Meinung der Autorin derzeit noch behindern. Der Beitrag schließt mit zehn Thesen, die eine Utopie der Bibliothek 2040 beschreiben. This article discusses the challenges for the implementation of "new work" approaches in academic libraries, based on personal management experiences. The author claims that there are several elements within the culture of libraries as a workplace as well as the librarians' self-perception which would need to be overcome if new work were to be implemented in a sustainable way. The article concludes with ten theses which describe a utopian version of a library in the year 2040. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Early Modern foreign language textbooks and especially the model dialogues that are typical of such manuals are particularly valuable sources for historical pragmatics due to the imitation of oral communication. However, the potential of this source has hardly been exploited, especially for historical speech act analysis. This study will now, first, empirically investigate the realization patterns for directive speech acts in selected model dialogues from the 16th to 18th century. Second, on the basis of the results, a data-based evaluation of the authenticity and thus the potential of language learning dialogues as a source for historical linguistics will be made. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]