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Currently, the world is widely introducing renewable energy sources including solar power plants (SPP). In order to predict their work, it is necessary to adequately simulate the processes occurring in solar panels, not only in standard conditions, but also in conditions of partial shading. At present, the effect of partial shadowing is considered from the point of view of changes in the luminous flux, however, for a more adequate and comprehensive simulation, it is also necessary to take into account the temperature change in the shaded areas of SPP, especially considering the area of powerful SPP, the temperature of individual sections of which can radically differ, which is undoubtedly will lead to a change in the output characteristics of the SPP. Failure to take this factor into account, when modeling high-power SPP leads to results that do not correspond to real data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, the number of distributed generation (DG) objects in the world is growing mainly due to renewable energy sources (RES). However, the integration of a large volume of DG based on RES into existing electric power systems (EPS) is associated with a number of significant problems. For a comprehensive study and solution of these problems, it is necessary to carry out detailed simulation of real EPS, which is not always feasible with the help of existing tools. Therefore, the article proposes the use of an alternative solution – the Hybrid Real-Time Power System Simulator (HRTSim). To confirm the properties and capabilities of the HRTSim, the simulation results of a test scheme obtained using the HRTSim and the widely used digital hardware-software complex RTDS were compared. The results of a comprehensive comparison in both complexes confirmed the adequacy of information about the processes in equipment and EPS as a whole, obtained by the HRTSim. Thus, it is proved that further use the HRTSim as a tool for detailed and adequate simulation of real EPS with DG will provide complete and reliable information about normal and abnormal quasi-steady-state and transient processes, which is necessary for reliable and efficient design, research and subsequent operation of EPS with DG. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the Hybrid Real-Time Dispatcher Training Simulator (HRTDTS). The main advantages of this simulator are the adequate simulation of a single spectrum of processes in the object for training – any real electric power system (EPS), as well as the real-time control of the equipment circuit-mode states in modes of the EPS operation. This is achieved by the HRTDTS development within the concept of hybrid simulation, which allows to surpass the modern widely-used simulators based purely on numerical simulation, which do not comprehensively reproduce processes in the EPS and limit the training of certain dispatchers skills. The dispatcher simulator structure and the developed specialized HRTDTS software are demonstrated. The developed dynamic dashboards for monitoring and operating, implementing the circuit-mode states visualization of the equipment or the EPS districts that correspond to specific objects for training, are presented. The special panels that display extended information about the processes in the EPS are also shown in the article. The comparison of simulation results with the data, obtained via RTDS, for the HRTDTS validation was carried out. The practical emergency scenario for the training of dispatching personnel, including the assignment of an emergency situation and the actions of dispatchers to eliminate it, was created for testing and demonstration of the HRTDTS capabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]