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Curative effect and adverse reactions of oxaliplatin combined with endostar in the interventional treatment of primary hepatic carcinoma (PHC) were investigated. A total of 101 PHC patients from October 2012 to December 2014 in The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University were retrospectively collected. Fifty patients in combined therapy group were treated with oxaliplatin combined with endostar, while the remaining 51 patients in oxaliplatin group were treated with oxaliplatin alone. The treatment lasted for a total of 4 cycles (20 days as 1 cycle). The ratios of cluster of differentiation 3 (CD3)+, CD4+ and CD8+ were detected via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The objective response rate in combined therapy group was 92.00%, which was significantly higher than that in oxaliplatin group (74.51%). The main adverse reactions showed no statistical difference between the two groups (P>0.05). The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 8.6 months in combined therapy group and 6.3 months in oxaliplatin group, while the median overall survival (OS) was 12.9 months in combined therapy group and 10.6 months in oxaliplatin group. After treatment, CD4+ and CD3+ levels in the peripheral blood in both groups were obviously lower than those before treatment, but the CD8+ level was obviously higher than that before treatment. At the same time, changes in the ratio of T lymphocyte subsets in combined therapy group were superior to those in oxaliplatin group, displaying statistically significant differences (P