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Copyright of Česká a Slovenská Neurologie a Neurochirurgie is the property of Czech Medical Association of JE Purkyne and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The artice highights ad discusses severa curret tpics that have bee pubished i the fied f aaesthesigy i bstetrics i the Cech Repubic ad abrad ast year It suaries the ifuece f the CVID19 padeic aesthesigica praxis i bstetrics It as presets ew devepets i systeic ad euraxia bstetric aagesia Caesarea Secti aesthesia ad eergecies i the peripartu perid [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Anaesthesiology & Intensive Medicine / Anesteziologie a Intenzivní Medicína is the property of Czech Medical Association of JE Purkyne and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Pooperacne: pri RA vyuzít zavedeny katetr pro regionální anestezii k pooperacní analgezii, pri nedostatecné analgezii pridat paracetamol 1 g 4x denne i. v./ p. o. nebo parekoxib 40 mg 2x denne i. v., prípadne celekoxib 100 mg 2x denne, silné opioidy i. v. titracne (bolus je rozdelen do 3-4 dílcích dávek, podávanych do dosazení úcinku), napr. morfin 5-10 mg, piritramid 7,5-15 mg nebo kontinuálne i. v., napr. sufentanil od 0,25 g.kg SP -1 sp .h SP 1 sp , piritramid od 1 mg.h-1, kombinovat opioidy s NSA a neopioidními analgetiky (dávky viz vyse). Pooperacne: metamizol 1-2,5 g v F1/1 100 ml i. v. 3x denne (max. 5 g denne) nebo paracetamol 1 g 4x denne i. v. (max. 4 g denne), co nejdríve léky p. o., napr. dvojkombinace paracetamol 1 g 4x denne + diklofenak 75 mg 2x denne (ibuprofen 800 mg 3x denne) nebo místo diklofenaku dát tramadol 50-100 mg nebo pri vetsí bolesti trojkombinace paracetamol + diklofenak (ibuprofen) + tramadol. Poznámka: za vhodnou kombinaci lze povazovat paracetamol nebo metamizol + NSA, paracetamol + slaby opioid (+ NSA), paracetamol + silny opioid (+ NSA), NSA + opioid (slaby nebo silny), metamizol + opioid (viscerální bolest), ketamin (analgetické dávky) + opioid, LA (v rámci RA) + opioid. Vyuzití mozností multimodální analgezie - podávání neopioidních analgetik dle casového plánu, eventuálne jiz v operacní dobe: paracetamol 1 g 4x denne, koxiby i. v. - parecoxib 2x40 mg, NSA i. v. - napr. ketoprofen, ibuprofen, diklofenak (kombinace s orfenadrinem), metamizol i. v. Pri predpokladu, ze indikace opioidu v dusledku chirurgické lécby pominula (napr. aloplastika kycelního kloubu, je vhodné obvyklou dobu opioidní pooperacní analgezie prodlouzit a dávku postupne kazdé 2-3 dny cca o 25 % redukovat. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Anaesthesiology & Intensive Medicine / Anesteziologie a Intenzivní Medicína is the property of Czech Medical Association of JE Purkyne and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Anaesthesiology & Intensive Medicine / Anesteziologie a Intenzivní Medicína is the property of Czech Medical Association of JE Purkyne and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article highlights and discusses several current topics that have been published in the field of anaesthesiology in obstetrics in the Czech Republic and abroad last year. It summarizes the influence of COVID-19 pandemia on anaesthesiological praxis in obstetrics. It also presents new developments in systemic and neuroaxial obstetric analgesia, Caesarean Section anaesthesia and emergencies in peripartum period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Anaesthesiology & Intensive Medicine / Anesteziologie a Intenzivní Medicína is the property of Czech Medical Association of JE Purkyne and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Česká a Slovenská Neurologie a Neurochirurgie is the property of Czech Medical Association of JE Purkyne and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Anaesthesiology & Intensive Medicine / Anesteziologie a Intenzivní Medicína is the property of Czech Medical Association of JE Purkyne and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Etiological agent of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is polyomavirus JCV (John Cunnigham virus). PML occurs in immunosuppressed patients including MS patients treated with disease-modifying drugs. Activation of JCV in the nervous system and PML development is the result of dysregulation of genetic and immune cell mechanisms. The implementation of the safety treatment algorithm based on the length of treatment previous immunosuppressive drug treatment and positivity of the JCV antibody index is beneficial in natalizumab treated patients from the clinical point of view. Simultaneously with the use of MRI, the diagnosis of PML can be made in the preclinical phase of the disease and the prognosis of the disease can be improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Krátce po eskalaci prodelala pacientka dalsí relaps onemocnení s allodyniemi a dysesteziemi levé dolní koncetiny, ktery byl lécen pulzem 3g metylprednisolonu i.v. jiz s plnym efektem. Pacientka po prvním relapsu formálne nesplnila McDonaldova kritéria 2017 [6] a bylo na zvázení, zda pacientku lécit, ci vyckat dalsího klinického ci radiografického prubehu onemocnení. Vzhledem k nízké prevalenci tumoriformní demyelinizace nejsou jednoznacná prognostická data ani údaje o doporucované dlouhodobé imunomodulacní lécbe techto pacientu, ne-kte-ré práce doporucují nelécit takové pacienty fingolimodem, avsak data z vetsích souboru chybí [5]. [Extracted from the article]

The article highlights and discusses several current topics that have been published in the field of anaesthesiology in obstetrics in the Czech Republic and abroad last year. It summarizes the influence of COVID-19 pandemic on anaesthesiological praxis in obstetrics. It also presents new developments in systemic and neuroaxial obstetric analgesia, Caesarean Section anaesthesia and emergencies in peripartum period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic significantly influenced also the field of paediatric anaesthesia. Although the COVID-19 disease remains worldwide a significant health, economic and social problem, there are also several other aspects of paediatric anaesthesia, which require our attention. In paediatric anaesthesia, the conflicting areas are premedication, rapid sequence induction, airway management, anaesthesia depth monitoring and reduction of complication incidence. When considering COVID-19, the main aim is to reduce the possible transmission of the disease to the health care professionals and to standardise the airway management. The aim of this review is to summarise the key publications in the field of paediatric anaesthesia with the impact on the daily paediatric anaesthesiology practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the CNS. Secondary progressive MS is the second most common form of MS worldwide and symptomatic treatment is currently the only available option in the Czech Republic. Neurodegeneration and less inflammatory processes are the main pathophysiological processes underlying the transition to the secondary progressive phase of MS. Because of clinical dia-gnostic obstacles, the dia-gnosis of secondary progressive MS is often postponed by 3 years. Dia-gnostic criteria based on the data from MSBase registry enable the elimination of this dia-gnostic gap. Siponimod is the first oral drug for the treatment of secondary progressive MS with clinical or MRI activity reducing the disability progression or selected MRI parameters. The efficacy and safety of siponimod were tested in the phase III clinical trial EXPAND. The most suitable criteria for treatment with siponimod and its safety profile including possibilities in the case of treatment failure are under scrutiny of the scientific neurological society in the Czech Republic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Česká a Slovenská Neurologie a Neurochirurgie is the property of Czech Medical Association of JE Purkyne and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Česká a Slovenská Neurologie a Neurochirurgie is the property of Czech Medical Association of JE Purkyne and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Česká a Slovenská Neurologie a Neurochirurgie is the property of Czech Medical Association of JE Purkyne and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In 2019 several important clinical trials and papers were published in the realm of anaesthesiology. The aim of this article was to highlight the key publication in anaesthesiology which can be considered clinically relevant for the daily anaesthesia practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article highlights and discusses several current topics that have been published in the field of anaesthesiology and intensive care in gynaecology and obstetrics in the Czech Republic and abroad last year. It summarizes the results of the international OBAAMA-INT study, which mapped the anaesthesia practice in the delivery room in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. It also presents new developments in systemic and neuroaxial obstetric analgesia, Caesarean Section anaesthesia and emergencies in pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Anaesthesiology & Intensive Medicine / Anesteziologie a Intenzivní Medicína is the property of Czech Medical Association of JE Purkyne and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Anaesthesiology & Intensive Medicine / Anesteziologie a Intenzivní Medicína is the property of Czech Medical Association of JE Purkyne and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Anaesthesia is a complex situation dur ing the treatment of patients with neuromuscular dis eases. On the one hand, concerns about break ing the fragile balance can lead to postpon ing of necessary interventions, but on the other hand, it can lead to serious risks with improper approaches. Myasthenia is a dis ease where there is no risk of malignant hyperthermia, and there is an altered sensitivity to peripheral myorelaxants. We prefer to avoid benzodiazepines as a premedication, and after the procedure we always place the patient on a monitored bed with the pos sibility of artificial ventilation. We do not give suxamethonium to muscular dystrophy and myotonic dystrophy patients and do not use volatile gases due to risk of rhabdomyolysis. There is also no risk of malignant hyperthermia in this group. Malignant hyperthermia is a pharmacogenetic disorder manifested by abnormal hypermetabolic response when exposed to halogenated inhalation anesthetics (halothane, isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane) or peripheral muscle relaxants of the depolariz ing type (suxamethonium). It can rarely occur even after physical, exces sive or heat stres s. It is as sociated with electromechanical coupling and most often occurs with mutations in the ryanodine receptor, but rarely with some other mutations in the genes that are related to calcium metabolism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multiple sclerosis is often accompanied by cognitive defi cits that occur in all stages and subtypes of the dis ease. Given the signifi cantly negative impact of cognitive impairment on the over all quality of life of patients, we need to ask which factors help maintain cognitive function. The cur rent review addres ses the protective role of the brain reserve and, in particular, the cognitive reserve built by lifetime intel lectual enrichment. We sum marize recent fi ndings based on these factors, such as verbal intel ligence, education, occupation attainment or participation in cognitively stimulat - ing leisure activities that may contribute to a better neuropsychological prognosis. The studies show that not only hereditary factors and premorbid behavior but even ongo ing participation in cognitively stimulat ing activities may attenuate the negative eff ects of the dis ease on cognitive status. Limitations of the cur rent research and its future directions are discus sed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: AMETYST, a prospective, non-interventional phase IV clinical study, evaluating subjective and objective parameters of 3-year intramuscular interferon beta-1a therapy in patients with clinically isolated syndrome or clinically defi nite multiple sclerosis. Aim: The primary objective of the study was to evaluate the impact of the study treatment on quality of life assessed by the patient using the visual analogue scale (VAS) and 36-item Short Form Health Survey. Secondary objectives included quality of life assessed using the VAS by the physician, assessment of cognitive functions by the physician using the PASAT test, the occurrence of relapses in the course of the study and the development of clinically defi nite multiple sclerosis in patients with clinically isolated syndrome, and the evaluation of weekly intramuscular injection administration by patient. Material and methods: The study was conducted in centres specialized in the treatment of multiple sclerosis - 14 sites in the Czech Republic and 10 sites in Slovakia. A total of 559 patients were enrolled in the study. Clinical parameters were assessed every six months, the other parameters every 12 months. An analysis of data was performed using descriptive statistic methods. To eliminate the impact of prematurely withdrawn patients on the study results, the data of patients who completed all study visits were analysed separately. Results: An improvement of the quality of life was detected during the study treatment; however, this improvement was only mild or unconvincing. The quality of life assessed by patient corresponded very well to the quality of life assessed by the physician. Conclusion: It was confi rmed that the treatment has an important eff ect on relapse rate reduction and stabilization of patients' clinical status, including their cognitive functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the current view of the Section for obstetric anaesthesia and analgesia ČSARIM (SPAA ČSARIM) on the organization of interdisciplinary collaboration during the provision of anaesthesiology care in the delivery room on the basis of the results of studies Obstetric Anaesthesia and Analgesia Month Attributes 2011 and 2015 (OBAAMA-CZ and OBAAMA-INT). The issue is often seen as a marginal one, yet in our opinion it is the key factor for expansion of modern anaesthetic methods into the daily routine in the delivery room and ensuring maximum safety of care for the parturient [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Anaesthesiology & Intensive Medicine / Anesteziologie a Intenzivní Medicína is the property of Czech Medical Association of JE Purkyne and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Anaesthesiology & Intensive Medicine / Anesteziologie a Intenzivní Medicína is the property of Czech Medical Association of JE Purkyne and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article presents the current view of the Section for Obstetric Anaesthesia and Analgesia of ČSARIM (SPAA ČSARIM) on non-obstetric anaesthesia during pregnancy. The article first discusses the various risks associated with the administration of anaesthesia in pregnant women. Then we describe the various stages of the perioperative process in relation to non-obstetric anaesthesia in pregnant women. At the end we present examples of the anaesthetic management of specific types of procedures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Anaesthesiology & Intensive Medicine / Anesteziologie a Intenzivní Medicína is the property of Czech Medical Association of JE Purkyne and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Management of the critical patient in the undergraduate teaching of medicine is an important part of first aid, intensive care medicine and anaesthesiology. The aim of this paper is to present an overview of the interactive learning opportunities which are offered to students at the Medical Faculty of Masaryk University (MF MU): the use of the virtual patient (interactive algorithms, clinical scenarios), the standardised patient, skills training on patient models, simulators with an embedded computer model or videoconference streaming from operating theatres. These teaching methods have become part of undergraduate teaching of medicine, dentistry and nursing. Since the year 2007,43 interactive learning algorithms have been created at MF MU in the Czech-English version. The process of creation takes two semesters and is performed by groups of 2-3 students of medicine under the supervision of a physician. The created algorithm is in the form of a Flash object freely accessible online through the AKUTNE.CZ portal (www.akutne.eu). The clinical scenarios represent real cases of patients with severe sepsis hospitalized on ICUs participating in EPOSS (eposs.registry.cz; Data-based evaluation and prediction of outcome in severe sepsis). Videoconference streaming from operating theatres to teaching rooms enables a large number of students to watch a rare surgical procedure without entering the operating theatre. Advanced patient simulator by CAE Healthcare® has been used for four years at MF MU to practice team leadership and communication skills in the subjects of first aid, intensive care medicine and emergency medicine. We present an overview of methods that can enrich undergraduate education of acute medicine, along with instructions for their implementation into the curriculum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Anaesthesiology & Intensive Medicine / Anesteziologie a Intenzivní Medicína is the property of Czech Medical Association of JE Purkyne and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Nitrous oxide is a gaseous inhalational anesthetic. It has been used for anesthesia since the second half of the 19th century. Its advantage is the analgetic and anxiolytic effect. Nitrous oxide does not produce sufficient anesthetic effect when is used alone. It is mainly used as an adjuvant anesthetic in combination with other inhalation anesthetics. It reduces the effect of other anesthetics and reduces their consumption. It is not metabolised, but it interferes with the metabolism of vitamin B 12- dependent enzymes. It is eliminated mainly by the lungs. The mechanism of action is inhibitory interaction with GABA and NMDA receptors. It is especially suitable for pain reduction during delivery or the sedation in minor surgical procedures. The most common side effects are postoperative nausea and vomiting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]