8 results on '"Al-Tawil M"'
Search Results
2. Clinical Profiles and Outcomes of Prosthesis-Specific Infective Endocarditis Subsequent to Transcatheter Versus Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
- Author
-
Monaci C, Nair AN, Gilukara SS, Tummala T, J S, Fatima S, Gupta R, Sabu N, Nagra HM, Colca Herrera AV, and Al-Tawil M
- Abstract
Prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) is a rare but serious complication following aortic valve replacement using either a transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) or surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR). This study aims to review the profiles and outcomes of PVE after surgical versus transcatheter aortic valve replacement. Electronic searches were performed on Scopus, EMBASE, and PubMed to retrieve related articles. To be included, study designs had to be randomized controlled trials (RCT) or observational cohort studies (in English) with PVE patients that compared differences based on TAVI or SAVR. This review included data for 13,221 patients with PVE diagnoses. Of those, 2,109 patients had an initial SAVR, and 11,112 patients had an initial TAVI. There was no difference in the incidence of PVE in patients who had initial TAVI versus SAVR (1.05% versus 1.01% per person-year, p=0.98). However, the onset of early PVE was more frequently observed in the TAVI group (risk ratio (RR): 1.54, 95% confidence interval (CI) [1.14, 2.08], p=0.005). Patients in the TAVI group had a lower indication for surgery to treat PVE when compared to SAVR (RR: 0.55, 95%CI [0.44, 0.69], p<0.001). Staphylococcus aureus was more likely to be the source of PVE in patients who had previous TAVI (RR: 1.34, 95%CI [1.17, 1.54], p<0.001). Also, Enterococcus faecalis was more frequently observed as a cause of PVE in the TAVI group (RR: 1.49, 95%CI [1.21, 1.82], p<0.001). Patients who underwent SAVR and TAVI had similar incidences of PVE. However, patients who underwent SAVR had a greater indication for surgery to treat PVE, while those who underwent TAVI had higher comorbidities, a higher likelihood of early PVE, and a trend towards higher one-year mortality., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright © 2024, Monaci et al.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. The Influence of Biological Sex on Presentation and Outcomes of Acute Myocarditis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
- Author
-
Muppuri MC, Gopinath L, Tariq Z, Shah S, Cortorreal Javier R, Mahmood F, Modi D, Joseph M, Gopavaram RR, Sharma S, and Al-Tawil M
- Abstract
There is growing evidence of sex-related differences in the epidemiology and pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases. This is the first systematic review and meta-analysis that aimed to highlight the sex-specific differences in the clinical features and outcomes of acute myocarditis. Electronic searches were performed on Scopus, Embase, and PubMed from inception up to June 2023 to identify studies comparing the clinical features and outcomes of acute myocarditis in males and females. Both qualitative and quantitative summaries were conducted. In this systematic review and meta-analysis of 11 studies involving 34,791 patients presenting with acute myocarditis. Male patients, who comprised 69.8% of the entire pooled population, presented at a markedly younger age (mean difference: -8.99 years; 95% CI: -13.60, -4.38; p=0.0001). They also had significantly lower rates of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and coronary artery disease compared to female patients (p<0.01). Male patients were more likely to present with ST elevation (RR: 2.57 [1.38, 4.79]; p=0.003) and higher C-reactive protein levels (RR: 3.04 [2.75, 3.34]; p<0.00001) compared to female patients. This review underscores the crucial sex-specific evaluation in acute myocarditis, necessitating tailored approaches in assessment and diagnostic evaluation, and emphasizing the need for additional research in this domain., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright © 2024, Muppuri et al.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Comparative Efficacy of Oral Apixaban and Subcutaneous Low Molecular Weight Heparins in the Treatment of Cancer-Associated Thromboembolism: A Meta-Analysis.
- Author
-
Baloch MF, Adepoju AV, Falki V, Hajjaj M, Habet T, Habet K, Mahrosh A, Kundu S, Kataria J, Mathew M, Saka T, and Al-Tawil M
- Abstract
Cancer patients' risk of developing venous thromboembolism (VTE) is four to seven times higher than the general population. Cancer-associated VTE (CA-VTE), is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer patients. Low Molecular Weight Heparin (LMWH) has historically been the mainstay treatment of CA-VTE; however, complications such as bleeding and recurrent VTE make it challenging to manage these patients. Recent randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have proven that direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are as efficacious as LMWHs in treating CA-VTE. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to ascertain the efficacy and safety of LMWH and Apixaban for the treatment of CA-VTE. A systematic review was conducted using Medline, Embase, and Scopus, databases for all cohort studies, case-control studies, and RCTs in English comparing cancer patients undergoing treatment with Apixaban or LMWH to treat CA-VTE from inception-May 2023. The Review Manager program, version 5.4.1, was used for statistical analysis and the Mantel-Haenszel fixed-effects models to calculate the risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and the inverse variance approach to get the weighted mean difference for the continuous outcomes. Q-test for heterogeneity was used to examine statistical heterogeneity and an I
2 statistics value >50% was defined as significant heterogeneity. A total of four studies were included, and the total number of patients was 1,632 across all studies. The Apixaban group was associated with a statistically significant increase in minor bleeding (RR 1.57; 95% CI (1.12, 2.21); p=0.009; I2 =0%), but not for major and total bleeding. The Apixaban group showed a statistically significant lower risk of recurrent VTE when compared to the LMWH group (RR: 0.61; 95% CI (0.41, 0.92); p=0.02; I2 = 7%), and there was no statistically significant difference in terms of mortality between the two groups (RR: 0.89; 95% CI (0.73, 1.09); I2 =0). Our findings suggest that Apixaban may be a favorable anticoagulant option for managing cancer-associated thromboembolism, as it demonstrated a lower risk of recurrent VTE. The risk of bleeding with DOAC in gastrointestinal cancers warrants further investigation., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright © 2023, Baloch et al.)- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Early Versus Delayed Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair for Blunt Traumatic Aortic Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
- Author
-
Rudra P, Cardoso R, Echevarria S, Kaya B, Abdullah R, Baskara Salian R, Bhindar SZ, Zerin A, Patel T, Abdin Z, and Al-Tawil M
- Abstract
Blunt aortic injury is the second most prevalent cause of patient fatalities post-trauma, closely following head injuries as the leading cause. In recent years, thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) has evidently improved survival rates and reduced complications in patients suffering from blunt traumatic aortic injury (BTAI) in comparison to open surgery and non-operative management. It is difficult to characterize the appropriate criteria for the timing of TEVAR, whether early or delayed for BTAI, considering the discrepancies related to timing. Electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and Embase, were searched through April 2023. The primary outcomes were short-term mortality and hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) stays. Time to TEVAR, acute respiratory distress syndrome, sepsis, deep vein thrombosis, delayed stroke, and renal failure were also evaluated. We included a total of seven studies, comprising 4177 patients who met the inclusion criteria. Short-term mortality was significantly higher in the early TEVAR group (RR: 1.86; 95% confidence interval (CI); (1.26-2.74); p<0.001; I
2 =33%). In contrast, the ICU length of stay was significantly shorter in the early group (mean difference: -2.82 days; 95% CI; (-4.09 - -1.56); p<0.0001; I2 =55%). There was no significant difference between both groups in the presenting profile or postoperative complications. Patients undergoing delayed TEVAR had markedly lower mortality rates but a longer ICU stay. The need for future studies with more robust designs is imperative to investigate the factors influencing the timing of repair and the associated outcomes., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright © 2023, Rudra et al.)- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Elective Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm Surgery: A Tertiary Center Experience.
- Author
-
Badran A, Elghazouli Y, Shirke MM, Al-Tawil M, Harky A, and Ohri SK
- Abstract
Background A thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) is a diseased expansion of the thoracic aorta. There is morbidity associated with a dilated aorta, as well as significant mortality. Open thoracic surgery is the fundamental management for proximal lesions, offering definitive treatment with excellent results. This study aimed to summarize preoperative data and operative outcomes of patients who underwent TAA repair at our institution. Methods Data were retrospectively collected from 234 patients that underwent elective open thoracic surgery at University Hospital Southampton for TAA disease, between 2015 and 2019. Demographics, clinical factors, surgical details, as well as outcome measures, were gathered. Results There were 166 males and 68 females, with an overall mean age of 66 years. The breakdown of operations comprised 105 aortic roots, 171 ascending aorta, 20 aortic arch, and 12 descending aorta cases. The mean follow-up was 370 days. 30-day mortality was 5.13%. Mortality was associated with female gender, aortic root surgery, and prosthetic valves. Mean aortic diameters at the time of surgery for the non-genetic aortopathy and genetic aortopathy groups were respectively 4.93cm and 4.63cm in the aortic root, 5.56cm and 4.88cm in the ascending aorta, 5.08cm and 3.87cm in the aortic arch, and 6.63cm and 5.50cm in the descending aorta. Conclusion Several factors are associated with complications and morbidity, which should be considered when discussing the risks of intervention with patients. There were no neuroprotective strategies that altered post-operative neurological function. Current practice in our unit fits in with current international guidance., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright © 2023, Badran et al.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Chronic Cavitary Pulmonary Histoplasmosis in an Immunocompetent Patient.
- Author
-
Albandak M, Azar J, Ayyad M, Salah Q, Toqan A, Giacaman N, Marzouqa N, Al-Tawil M, Wishah B, and Barabrah A
- Abstract
Histoplasma capsulatum is a fungal organism that causes systemic histoplasmosis. It is commonly asymptomatic in healthy immunocompetent individuals. The clinical symptoms of chronic cavitary histoplasmosis are typically seen in the immunodeficient population, particularly in smokers with pre-existing structural lung disease. We report a case of chronic cavitary histoplasmosis in an immunocompetent patient from an endemic area without pre-existing structural lung pathology. She presented complaining of right hypochondrial pain and had no history of respiratory symptoms nor history suggestive of immunosuppression, tuberculosis, or recent travel. CT scan revealed a cavitary lung lesion and a hilar mediastinal mass. Biopsies obtained by bronchoscopy revealed signs of necrosis, granulomas, and the presence of fungal organisms consistent with histoplasmosis. Histoplasma antibodies by complement fixation for yeast antibodies test were positive establishing the diagnosis of chronic cavitary pulmonary histoplasmosis (CCPH). She was then started on itraconazole with good tolerance. On follow-up three months later, a chest CT done along with measurement of inflammatory markers and liver enzymes demonstrated complete clinical recovery. This case emphasizes the importance of expanding our current understanding of the clinical presentation and manifestations of histoplasmosis beyond the conventional assumption that severe disease only affects immunocompromised individuals., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright © 2023, Albandak et al.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Rituximab-Induced Immune Dysregulation Leading to Organizing Pneumonia, Bronchiectasis, and Pulmonary Fibrosis.
- Author
-
Ayyad M, Azar J, Albandak M, Sharabati H, Salim H, Jaber Y, and Al-Tawil M
- Abstract
We present a case of rituximab-induced organizing pneumonia (OP) along with bronchiectasis and pulmonary fibrosis, in a patient with a history of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), on long-term maintenance therapy with rituximab. T-cell dysregulation and B-cell depletion associated with the chronic use of rituximab often lead to a profound immunosuppressed state with hypogammaglobulinemia and unbalanced T-cell response. This acquired immunodeficient state with severe immune dysregulation predisposed this patient to recurrent pulmonary infection and ultimately led to bronchiectasis and pulmonary fibrosis., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright © 2023, Ayyad et al.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.