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Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the thiol/disulfide balance as a marker of oxidative stress in children with vitamin B12 deficiency. Materials and Methods: Sixty one pediatric patients with vitamin B12 deficiency and 62 healthy children as a control group was included in the study. Vitamin B12, homocysteine, complete blood count and thiol/disulfide balance parameters of the participants were measured. The relationship between thiol/disulfide balance parameters and vitamin B12 and homocysteine was investigated. Results: The groups were similar in terms of age and gender distribution. Median vitamin B12 level was 179 (98- 199) pg/ml in the patient group and 298 (201-965) pg/ml in the control group. Median homocysteine level was 11.2 (0.08-64.3) μmol/L in the patient group and 12 (4.5-26.6) μmol/L in the control group. Median values of homocysteine levels were within the normal range in both groups. Between the patient and control groups; no significant difference was found in terms of homocysteine, native thiol, total thiol, disulfide, disulfide/native thiol ratio, disulfide/total thiol ratio and native thiol/total thiol ratio. There was no significant correlation between thiol/disulfide balance parameters and vitamin B12 and homocysteine levels in the patient and control groups. Conclusion: There was no significant increase in homocysteine level, since the vitamin B12 level was not significantly low in our patient group. It can be predicted that a vitamin B12 deficiency that does not increase homocysteine will not increase oxidative stress and therefore will not increase antioxidant capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]