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U radu se prikazuje utjecaj zaraznih bolesti na prostornu mobilnost ljudi i razvoj mjera prevencije na hrvatskom prostoru s posebnim fokusom na rani novi vijek. Uzimajući u obzir društvene, demografske, kulturne i ekonomske posljedice koje su epidemije zaraznih bolesti ostavile na hrvatskom prostoru, rad se usredotočuje na situaciju u Slavoniji i Dalmaciji u razdobljima epidemije kuge i drugih zaraznih bolesti. U tim su pokrajinama zabilježena dva različita javnozdravstvena sustava kontrole kretanja ljudi i širenja bolesti. U Dalmaciji se razvio karantenski sustav izdvojenih kontrolnih centara oko jadranskih luka, a u Slavoniji sustav kontumacijskih stanica raspoređenih duž dobro nadzirane osmanske granice (Sanitarni kordon). Istražujući mjere za prevenciju širenja zaraznih bolesti, ponajprije kuge, autorice nastoje odgovoriti na tri ključna pitanja: kako su različiti ranonovovjekovni upravno-politički sustavi reagirali na epidemijske izazove, kako je opasnost od zaraze utjecala na mobilnost ljudi i roba te kako je protuepidemijska zaštita pridonijela izgradnji javnozdravstvenoga sustava na hrvatskom prostoru., The paper focuses on the interrelation between epidemics and spatial mobility (migration) of people, along with the subsequent development of medical prevention regulations and actions in the Croatian historical territories, primarily during the Early Modern Period. Historical epidemics are viewed from the perspective of social history in terms of their great demographic and economic impacts, since the diseases acted as both causes and results of migrations. The research was based on various archival sources, primarily from the State Archives in Zadar and the Croatian State Archives, correlated with the research of secondary literature (desk-study analysis). While evaluating the different measures of control and medical prevention of diseases, mainly the plague, in Slavonia and Dalmatia, the authors searched for several answers. The focus was on the reactions of two different early modern administrative systems to epidemical hazards. As a consequence of state-implemented measures, the mobility patterns of people and goods were changed. Additionally, the research revealed that the development and upgrading of the overall health system in the Croatian lands was highly influenced by these early anti-epidemic measures. Two differently organised early modern systems of population and economy protection (Habsburg and Venetian) were examined as examples of possible state responses to the spread of epidemic diseases. One was based on secluded quarantine stations in Adriatic harbours, such as lazarettos or quarantine buildings in Dalmatia, while the other was organised as a quarantine medical and custom chain of checkpoints along the Slavonian-Bosnian border (the Sanitary Cordon). Despite the different concepts of these more or less elaborate systems of public health measures in the Venetian and Austrian territories – from informing, legal and sanitary regulations, to the introduction of quarantine for the sick and potentially infected people – both countries sought to preve